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    Effects of ceftriaxone on ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat brain
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2013) Altas, M.; Meydan, S.; Aras, M.; Yilmaz, N.; Ulutas, K. T.; Okuyan, H. M.; Nacar, A.
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ceftriaxone treatment against short-term global brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. The study was carried out on 30 Wistar-albino rats that were divided into three groups: control group (n = 10), I/R group (n = 10) and I/R-ceftriaxone group (n = 10). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly increased in the I/R group in comparison with the control group (p < 0.001). MDA was significantly lower in the I/R-ceftriaxone group than in the I/R group (p < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased in the I/R group and increased in the I/R-ceftriaxone group as compared with the control group. Glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly decreased in the I/R group and increased in the I/R-ceftriaxone group as compared with the I/R group and the control. Histopathologically, ceftriaxone provided morphological improvement compared with the I/R group. We concluded that ceftriaxone has neuron-protective effects due to its antioxidant properties as shown by a decrease in MDA overproduction and histological improvement in brain tissue. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Reduced Expression of PEDF and ALDH1A1 during Spheroid Transition of Lung Cancer Cells: An In Vitro Study
    (Pleiades Publishing Inc, 2022) Terzi, M. Y.; Okuyan, H. M.; Gulbol-Duran, G.; Urhan-Kucuk, M.
    Cancer stem cells (CSCs) can initiate tumorigenesis and metastasis and show resistance against chemotherapy owing to the expression of prominent stem cell markers. CSCs are a subpopulation of highly heterogenic cancer spheroid cells. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a neurotrophic, anti-tumorigenic, and anti-metastatic protein and its gene expression levels in A549 spheroids is still unknown. We aimed to compare clonogenicity and mRNA levels of PEDF, Oct4, and ALDH1A1 between A549 and spheroid cells. Spheroid and colony formation assays were performed with spheroid and A549 cells. We performed quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for gene expression analysis. The clonogenic ratios for A549 and spheroids were similar to 60% and similar to 1% respectively. During spheroid formation, Oct4 mRNA level did not change but PEDF and ALDH1A1 levels decreased significantly. CSCs are characterized by elevated stem cell markers but spheroid cells consist of heterogeneous population including CSCs. In spheroid population, no increase in stem cell markers was observed. The reduced PEDF levels during spheroid transition can be a suppression mechanism of spheroid cells.