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    Blood Types and Severity of COVID-19
    (Eurasian Society of Family Medicine, 2021) Ozdemir, Burcu; Ozdemir, Levent; Akgunduz, Bilge; Celik, Murat; Urfali, Senem; Vicdan, Ayse Sema
    Aim: Since blood types first appeared, their association with diseases caused by microorganisms has been further investigated with several studies for many years. The bond of blood groups described as A, B, AB, and O with coronavirus has been the research subject in many countries.We aimed to elucidate whether there was a relationship between blood types and Rh factor and contracting COVID-19 disease and disease severity. Methods: The study was designed as a retrospective case-control study. Between March 2020-February 2021, 1110 patients were included (538 cases, 572 controls). Disease severity was classified according to where patients were treated: those who were outpatients considered as “mild disease”, hospitalized in a hospital ward considered as “moderate disease”, and treated in the intensive care unit were considered as “severe disease”. Results: The number of people with blood type A was 447 (40.3%), blood type B was 197 (17.7%), blood type AB was 90 (%8), and blood type O was 376 (33.9%). There was no significant difference between the case and control groups according to the blood types. A 3.93 times increase of developing mild illness was detected compared to the control group in Rh-positive individuals. The rate of developing a severe disease was higher in females with blood type A than a mild disease, and A blood type caused the disease to be severe compared to other blood groups in females. Conclusion: We concluded that blood type A caused more severe disease than other blood types in females, and females with B blood type survived the disease as outpatients. Our study can shed light on pathophysiological investigation of the relationship between COVID-19 disease causing a pandemic with high mortality and virulence and blood types. © 2021, Eurasian Society of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.
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    Characteristics of Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia Treated with High-flow Oxygen and Non-invasive Ventilation Outside the Intensive Care Unit
    (Galenos Publ House, 2023) Ozdemir, Burcu; Ozdemir, Levent; Celik, Mehmet Murat; Urfali, Senem; Ozdemir, Uyesi Burcu
    Objective: Comparing high-flow oxygen (HFO) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) treatment methods applied to patients hospitalized in the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) service outside the intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: Demographic characteristics, duration of hospitalization and application times, acute phase reactants, ROX index, comorbid conditions, radiological scores and results were evaluated retrospectively in patients treated with HFO (n=26) and NIV (n=23) who were hospitalized in the COVID service outside the intensive care unit of the state hospital between November 2020 and June 2021. Results: A total of 49 patients, 27 males and 22 females, were included in the study. The mean age was 55.6 +/- 14.6 years. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (n=27), diabetes (n=15). Patients in the HFO group were hospitalized for 16.6 +/- 9.4 days, HFO was applied for 6 +/- 4.6 days. Patients in the NIV group were hospitalized for 9.4 +/- 6.4 days, NIV was applied for 5.8 +/- 4.2 days. The saturation of the patients who were administered HFO (84.1 +/- 4.6) were found to be lower than those who received NIV (88.7 +/- 2). It was determined that 18.37% of 49 patients e.g. 5 of whom were treated with HFO and 4 of them were those who received NIV treatment. The ROX index was found to be significantly lower in the death group (n=9) compared to the survivors (n=40). In radiological imaging, there was no significant difference in the severity of pneumonia in patients treated with HFO and NIV. Lactate dehydrogenase and C-reactive protein from acute phase reactants at the time of hospitalization were significantly higher in the group who ex. Conclusion: It was determined that HFO or NIV was not different in terms of mortality in thr non-intensive care COVID service.