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Öğe Antimicrobial Activity of Six Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Varieties and Their Relation to Some of Their Pomological and Phytonutrient Characteristics(Mdpi, 2009) Duman, Ahmet D.; Ozgen, Mustafa; Dayisoylu, Kenan S.; Erbil, Nurcan; Durgac, CoskunArils from six pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties grown in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were tested for their antimicrobial properties by the agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods against seven bacteria: (Bacillus megaterium DSM 32, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 9027, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1, Corynebacterium xerosis UC 9165, Escherichia coli DM, Enterococcus faecalis A10, Micrococcus luteus LA 2971), and three fungi (Kluvyeromyces marxianus A230, Rhodotorula rubra MC12, Candida albicans ATCC 1023). It has been observed that the pomegranate aril extracts had antimicrobial effect on all microorganisms, giving inhibition zones ranging in size from 13 to 26 mm. The MIC values for active pomegranate extracts ranged between 30 and >90 mu g/mL. The results obtained appeared to confirm the antimicrobial potential of the Punica granatum varieties.Öğe ANTIOXIDANT, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORNELIAN CHERRY FRUITS (Cornus mas L.) AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF RIPENESS(Wydawnictwo Akad Rolniczej W Lublinie, 2013) Gunduz, Kazim; Saracoglu, Onur; Ozgen, Mustafa; Serce, SedatThere has been growing interest for less utilized fruit species lately. Cornelian cherry is one of these species with significant antioxidant characteristics. In this study, several, chemical properties and antioxidant characteristics of cornelian cherry fruits at four ripeness stages were evaluated. The stages were light yellow, blush, light red and dark red. Several fruit characteristics (fruit width, length, weight), total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TA), sugar/acid ratio (TSS/TA), pH, fruit external color, total phenolic compounds (TPC), total antioxidant capacity (AOC) by trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA) and tannins were evaluated. The stages were found to be significantly different for all factors evaluated. There was an overall increase in fruit width, length, weight, TSS, and SSC/TA over time, while TA averages decreased as the fruit matured. Fruit color progressively turned to dark red as anthocyanin accumulates. TPC and TEAC averages were similar at light yellow (8033 mu g gallic acid equivalent GAE . g(-1) fresh weight (fw) and 55.0 mu mol trolox equivalent (TE) . g(-1) fw) and reduced at the dark red stages (4162 mu g GAE . g(-1) fw and 7.8 mu mol TE . g(-1) fw). Tannin content decreased from 0.45 to 0.19% from light yellow to dark red stages.Öğe Chemical and antioxidant properties of pomegranate cultivars grown in the Mediterranean region of Turkey(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2008) Ozgen, Mustafa; Durgac, Cokun; Serce, Sedat; Kaya, CemalArils from six pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars obtained from various sites from the Mediterranean region of Turkey were evaluated for their chemical and antioxidant properties. These properties included total phenolics (TP), total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA), soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), individual sugars and organic acids. Antioxidant capacities of arils were determined by both the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays. The antioxidant capacities averaged 5.60 and 7.35 mmol TE/I by the TEAC and FRAP methods. Variability among cultivars was greatest for TMA content (CV 132%): individuals ranged from 6.1 to 219 mg cy3-Gluc 1(-1). TP means averaged 1507 mg GAE/l Levels of FRAP, TEAC, TP, and TMA were strongly correlated (r = 0.82-0.96). The major sugars were fructose (6.4 g/100 ml) and glucose (6.8 g/100 ml), the major acids were citric (1.78 g/100 ml) and malic (0.12 g/100 ml). (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Chemical composition, antioxidant activities and total phenolic content of Arbutus andrachne L. (Fam. Ericaceae) (the Greek strawberry tree) fruits from Turkey(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2010) Serce, Sedat; Ozgen, Mustafa; Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Ercisli, SezaiArbutus andrachne L and A. unedo L are two members of the Ericaceae family. The species are distributed in coastal parts of Anatolia and have edible fruits. We determined several characteristics of eight A. andrachne accessions collected from different parts of the Mediterranean regions of Anatolia. A. unedo is also represented with a sample. Notable differences were found among A. andrachne accessions. On average, the fruit width and length were 12.3 and 10.8 mm, respectively. All of the element concentrations that were tested varied considerably. The average of the total organic acids was 0.47 g/100 g fruit. Among the organic acids measured, malic acid had the highest content (0.34 g/100 g fruit) followed by ascorbic (0.10 g/100 g fruit) and citric acids (0.03 g/100 g fruit). The average for total sugars of the A. andrachne accessions was 16.38 g/100 g fruit. Fructose was the main sugar (average of 9.75 g/100 g fruit) followed by glucose (5.33 g/100 g fruit) and sucrose (1.19 g/100 g fruit). Among the A. andrachne accessions tested, the total phenolics ranged from 2422 to 4102 mu g gallic acid/g fresh weight (fw) with an average of 3343 mu g gallic acid equiv. g/fw. Antioxidant activities, determined by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) and FRAP (Ferric reducing ability of plasma), reached up to 36.1 and 29.5 mu mol Trolox equiv. (TE) g/fresh weight, respectively. It can thus be concluded that A. andrachne is a good source of phenols and antioxidants. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Chemical composition, antioxidant activities and total phenolic content of Arbutus andrachne L. (Fam. Ericaceae) (the Greek strawberry tree) fruits from Turkey (vol 23, pg 619, 2010)(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2012) Serce, Sedat; Ozgen, Mustafa; Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Ercisli, Sezai[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Determining total phenolic content and total antioxidant capacity of loquat cultivars grown in Hatay(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2010) Polat, A. Aytekin; Caliskan, Oguzhan; Serce, Sedat; Saracoglu, Onur; Kaya, Cemal; Ozgen, MustafaSeveral fruit characteristics of five loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.) cultivars/selections grown in Dortyol, Hatay, Turkey were investigated in 2008. The cultivars/selections included 'Baduna 5', Guzelyurt 1, 'Hafif Cukurgobek', 'Ottaviani,' and Type 1. The characteristics evaluated included fruit weight, width, length, seed number and weight, flesh/seed ratio, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, acidity, total phenolic (TP) content, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), determined by the ferric reducing antioxidant power ( FRAP) assay. The analyses were conducted by three replicates, with 30 fruits in each replicate. The results indicated that there were significant differences among the cultivars, for all the traits tested. For example, 'Hafif Cukurgobek' and 'Ottaviani' had smaller fruits than others, although 'Hafif Cukurgobek' had heavier seeds. The flesh/seed ratio was the highest in Type 1, while 'Hafif Cukurgobek' had the highest pH and high soluble solids. 'Baduna 5' and 'Hafif Cukurgobek' had the highest acidity. The TP ranged from 129 ('Baduna 5') to 578 ('Hafif Cukurgobek') mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/kg fresh fruit (fw). 'Hafif Cukurgobek' also had the highest FRAP mean (12.1 mmol Trolox Equivalent (TE)/kg fw). The results suggest that loquat cultivars have a variable range of TP content and a relatively high total antioxidant capacity, which is crucial for human health.Öğe Effect of scale color on the antioxidant capacity of onions(Elsevier Science Bv, 2010) Gokce, Ali Fuat; Kaya, Cemal; Serce, Sedat; Ozgen, MustafaThe bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) has been cultivated for thousands of years and used as an important component of human diet. Recent studies suggest that onions can be used to cure, reduce, or prevent some of the health problems such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, antidiabetic, asthma, antibiosis, and prebiotic effects due to its high antioxidant effect. In this Study, we determined the antioxidant capacities of a wide range of onion cultivars: nine commercial cultivars and five advance selections differing in color. The variables tested include bulb size, scale color,, total phenolic (TP), total antioxidant activity determined by both Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). We found that yellow onion had the greatest TP content (3.7 mg GAE/g dw); and, the red group had higher TP mean than the white group (2.2 mg GAE/g dw vs. 1.1 mg GAE/g dw). For the antioxidant capacity measurements, the red group had the greatest means by both methods (15.4 mu mol TE/g dw and 9.3 mu mol TE/g dw for TEAC and FRAP). Yellow onions had higher TEAC (14.7 mu mol TE/g dw vs. 8.7 mu mol TE/g dw) and FRAP values (9.8 mu mol TE/g dw vs. 5.6 mu mol TE/g dw) than white onions. Among the cultivars tested great differences of TP, TEAC and FRAP was observed. The TP content of Me-Tan 88 (8.3 mg GAE/g dw) was two times higher than the yellow group. Yellow color Dayton had the greatest TEAC (20.5 mu mol TE/g dw) and FRAP (123 mu mol TE/g dw) means followed by yellow color Me-Tan 88 (19.4 and 11.4 mu mol TE/g dw). The two antioxidant measurements were found to be highly correlated (0.99) where absolute values of FRAP were about 40% less than those of TEAC. The values of TEAC and FRAP were significantly correlated by TP with similar rs (0.74 and 0.73, respectively). TP, TEAC and FRAP were significantly and positively correlated to Soluble solids (0.41, 0.43, and 0.40, respectively). Our results suggested that the red onions had higher antioxidant activities than yellow and white onions although yellow onions had the richest phenolic contents. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Molecular and pomological diversity among pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars in Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey(Academic Journals, 2008) Durgac, Coskun; Ozgen, Mustafa; Simsek, Ozhan; Kacar, Yildiz Aka; Kiyga, Yelda; Celebi, Semih; Gunduz, KazimPomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an important fruit species for Turkey where many cultivars are being cultivated. In this study, we determined the fruit characteristics and RAPD band patterns of six local cultivars from Hatay, Turkey. Our results demonstrated that there is a great level of morphological variation. The principle component analysis of 18 quantitative fruit characteristics revealed that fruit weight, aril number/fruit, peel color and soluble solids/acidity ratio are important traits for discriminating the cultivars tested. The UPGMA cluster of fruit characteristics indicated that 'Katirbasi' and 'Kan nari' were similar to each other and they were separated from rest of the cultivars. Twenty-two RAPD primers generated total of 106 reproducible bands 22% of which were polymorphic. The UPGMA dendrogram of RAPD data showed that 'Tatli nar' and 'Serife' were very closely related while 'incekabuk' is distinct from the other cultivars. As a result, discrepancies were detected between morphological and molecular data. Therefore, we confirmed that diversity among the fruit characteristics were not good indication of genetic relatedness while molecular tools are valuable to study such similarities.Öğe Molecular characterization of mulberry accessions in turkey by AFLP markers(Amer Soc Horticultural Science, 2008) Kafkas, Salih; Ozgen, Mustafa; Dogan, Yildiz; Ozcan, Burcu; Ercisli, Sezai; Serce, SedatMulberries (Morus L.) show a great deal of genetic variability and adaptability to various environments. There are more than 24 species of mulberries in cultivated and wild forms. In Turkey, three Morus species, M. alba L., M. nigra L., and M. rubra L., are grown. In this study, we attempted to characterize 43 Morus accessions originating from distinct regions of Turkey using fluorescent dye amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers and capillary electrophoresis. The accessions belonged to M. alba, M. nigra, and M. rubra; M. alba consisted of white- and purple-fruited samples. Eight primer combinations generated a total of 416 bands, 337 of which were polymorphic (80.5%). Resolving powers of the AFLP primers ranged from 0.410 to 0.942 making a total of 5.015, whereas the polymorphic information content ranged from 0.662 to 0.898 with an average of 0.812. Unweighted pair-group method of arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering of the accessions showed three major groups representing M. nigra, M. rubra, and M. alba accessions. The M. alba group had two subgroups that were not correlated with fruit color. The UPGMA dendrogram of average taxonomic differences confirmed these results. The principle coordinate analysis demonstrated that M. nigra accessions had limited genetic variation. In conclusion, our study indicated that M. nigra and M. rubra are molecularly distinct from M. alba. Our results also suggest that M. nigra accessions having a low level of morphological variation are molecularly similar.Öğe Phytochemical accumulation and antioxidant capacity at four maturity stages of cranberry fruit(Elsevier Science Bv, 2008) Celik, Hueseyin; Ozgen, Mustafa; Serce, Sedat; Kaya, CemalSpecific components of cranberry fruit are being associated with human health attributes, such as maintenance of urinary tract health and antioxidant status. Some of the chemical properties and antioxidant capacity of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. cv. Pilgrim) fruits were investigated at light green, blush, light red and dark red maturation stages. Fruit total phenolics, total monomeric anthocyanins, soluble solids, titratable acidity and individual organic acids were examined. Antioxidant capacity of fruits were determined by both the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays. The fruit color was measured using a portable chromameter. A converse relationship was found between total phenolics and anthocyanin as fruits mature. Total phenolic concentration was declined from 7990 to 4745 mg GAE/kg fw, while total monomeric anthocyanin content was increased from 0.8 to 111.0 mg/kg fw from green to dark red stage. Brix was increased from 6 to 9.3% as well. The main organic acid was citric acid determined by the HPLC method. The antioxidant capacity of cranberries decreased to light red stage; when a fruit accumulates more anthocyanin the activity increased again in both FRAP and TEAC methods. Averaged antioxidant capacity measured was 12.61 and 17.48 mmol TE/kg fw by FRAP and TEAC methods. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Phytochemical and antioxidant properties of anthocyanin-rich Morus nigra and Morus rubra fruits(Elsevier, 2009) Ozgen, Mustafa; Serce, Sedat; Kaya, CemalIn this study, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of anthocyanin-rich mulberry species of Morris nigra L. (black mulberry) and Mortis rubra L. (red mulberry) fruits harvested from across Turkey were investigated. Fruit color, total phenolics (TP), total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA), titratable acidity (TA), and individual sugar and organic acid compositions were determined. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of fruits was assessed by both the trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Black mulberry exhibited higher TP, TMA, TAC and TA when compared to red mulberry. The average TP contents of M. nigra and M. rubra were 2737 and 1603 mu g gallic acid equivalent in g fresh weight basis (GAE/g fw), respectively. M. nigra had the richest amount of anthocyanin with an average of 571 mu g cy-3-glu/g fw. Overall, TAC averaged 10.5 and 12.0 mmol TE/L by the TEAC and FRAP methods, respectively. We found that FRAP, TEAC, TP and TMA were significantly correlated (r = 0.64-0.99) with each other. Fructose (5.27 g/100 mL) and glucose (5.81 g/100 mL) were determined to be the major sugars in both mulberries. M. nigra displayed a higher TA (2.05 g/100 mL) than M. rubra (0.78 g/100 mL), with citric acid as the major acid. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
