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Öğe Amoebicidal activity of benzothiazole on Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts and trophozoites and its cytotoxic potentials(Elsevier, 2020) Ozpinar, Necati; Ozpinar, Hulya; Bakay, Berna Baysal; Tunc, TutkuAcanthamoeba spp. are free-living amoebae isolated from many ecological areas such as swimming pools, dams and lakes, and soil. Granulomatous amebic encephalitis and amebic keratitis, caused by Acanthamoeba spp., usually occurs in chronically ill, debilitated individuals, in immunosuppressed patients and treatment is quite difficult. This study aimed to determine the effect of benzothiazole on trophozoite and cyst forms of Acanthamoeba castellanii (A.castellanii). Axenic cultures of A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts were prepared to test the amoebicidal activity of benzothiazole. The concentrations of benzothiazole in 24-well plates were prepared as 0.08%, 0.04%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005%, and A. castellanii cysts and trophozoites were added to these cultures. Parasites were counted at 0, 1/2, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h in the cell counter after staining with trypan blue. Cytotoxicity of benzothiazole on the WI-38 human fibroblast cell line was also tested. Between 0.08% and 0.01% concentrations of benzothiazole showed a strong amoebicidal activity at 24 and 48 h. A significant decrease in 0.005% concentration in the number of live trophozoites and cysts was detected between 6 and 48 h. As a result of the cytotoxicity studies, benzothiazole did not show any cytotoxic effect on the WI-38 human fibroblast cell line even at 1% concentration. Benzothiazole could be concluded as a new therapeutic agent against Acanthamoeba. On the other hand, in vivo studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of the biological effect.Öğe The amoebicidal activity of three substances derived from benzothiazole on Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts and trophozoites and its cytotoxic potentials(Elsevier, 2021) Ozpinar, Necati; Culha, Gulnaz; Kaya, Tugba; Yucel, HasanAcanthamoeba species are free-living amoebae isolated from many ecological areas such as swimming pools, dams, lakes, soil, and air filters. These amoebae are usually causing granulomatous amebic encephalitis and amebic keratitis in immunosuppressive individuals. In this study, the reproductive potential and morphological changes determined of Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoite and cyst forms exposed to three different active substances derived from benzothiazole. Furthermore, the cytotoxic potential of these active substances determined by XTT analysis. In the study, axenic cultures prepared for Acanthamoeba castellanii cyst and trophozoite forms and parasite exposed to different concentrations of active substances. Cell counts of parasite cultures were performed at the 30 minutes, 1st, 6th, 12th, 24th, and 48th hour periods. As a result of the study, the reproductive potential suppressive effects of all three substances on Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites and cysts were determined. The most effective of these substances was 2-Amino-6(trifluoromethoxy)-benzothiazole. In the first three concentrations of this substance (0.1%, 0.05%, 0.025%), no determined trophozoite and cysts at the end of twenty four. Due to its strong ameobicidal effect, it is thought that 2-Amino-6(trifluoromethoxy)-benzothiazole may be a new therapeutic agent in diseases caused by acanthamoeba parasites by supporting this study with animal experiments.Öğe BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF THREE Hypericum L. SPECIES(Trakya Univ Balkan Yerlesesi Enstituler Binasi, 2022) Eruygur, Nuraniye; Ozpinar, Necati; Ozpinar, Hulya; Atas, Mehmet; Tekin, Mehmet; Cevik, OzgeThis study was performed in order to evaluate in vitro antioxidant, anti-Trichomonas vaginalis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of methanol extracts of aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L., H. thymbrifolium Boiss. & Noe and H. thymopsis Boiss. The antioxidant activity of methanol extracts was tested with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2 '-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging and iron chelating assays. The total phenol and flavonoid contents were also determined spectrophotometrically. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were evaluated on MCF-7 breast cancer and PC3 prostate cancer cell line. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated by the microdilution method on the bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and the fungal strain Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). All extracts demonstrated cytotoxic activity on PC3 prostat cancer cell line with a concentration dependent manner, while H. thymopsis extract was the most active against cancer cell growth. The obtained results of the present study revealed that the methanol extract of H. perforatum, H. thymbrifolium and H. thymopsis have significant antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The results provided the basic research data for further phytochemical and biological activity guided investigations on these species for identication and isolation of potential drug active compounds.Öğe Combination of infra-red light with nanogold targeting macrophages in the treatment of Leishmania major infected BALB/C mice(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Guner, Rukiye Yasak; Hayta, Sibel Berksoy; Tosun, Mustafa; Akyol, Melih; Ozpinar, Necati; Polat, Zubeyde Akin; Egilmez, ReyhanPurpose In the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), developing drug resistance, existing toxic effects of drugs and failure respond to treatment cause the need to try different treatment methods. We investigated the effect of gold-conjugated macrophage-specific antibody on amastigotes under infra-red light for the treatment of CL. Methods Female BALB/c (4-8 weeks old, 20 +/- 5 g weight) mice were used in the study. The L. major strain was inoculated on the soles of mice in amastigote form and subpassed. Nanogold (Au), Au + macrophage-specific antibody (MSA) modification and near infra-red (NIR) (5 seconds) were applied to mice groups that developed cutaneous leishmaniasis on their soles. On the 5th and 10th days of the treatment, the lesions were examined clinically and pathologically. Results When the erythema values were examined, the highest decrease was calculated in the Au + MSA + NIR group in the measurements made on the 10(th) day (p < 0.014). The best improvement in 10(th) day measurements is in the NIR and Au + MSA + NIR groups when area values were examined (p = 0.011, p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of parasite load (PL) (p < 0.005) in pathological evaluation. According to PL grouping, the best result is NIR (p = 0.002). When both main titles (clinical and pathological) are examined, the Au + MSA + NIR group is thought to have an optimal therapeutical feature. Conclusions Au + MSA + NIR combination could be a new treatment approach for CL treatment.Öğe Detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection among diabetic patients in Turkey(Elsevier - Division Reed Elsevier India Pvt Ltd, 2020) Ozcelik, Semra; Alim, Mehtap; Ozpinar, NecatiBackgound: In some recent studies, it has been suggested that there may be a relationship between Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T. gondii is of greater significance in these patients. Objectives: In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of T. gondii in T2DM patients. Methods: To define Toxoplasma IgG and IgM seropositivity and determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in patients presenting at the Internal Diseases outpatient clinic of the Healthcare Application and Research Hospital, where the ELISA method was used. 200 T2DM patients and 100 healthy individuals with no complaints took part in the study. Results: Toxoplasma IgG positivity was determined in 53% of the 200 T2DM patients and Toxoplasma IgM positivity in 13%. While in the control group, Toxoplasma IgG positivity was determined in 27% and Toxoplasma IgM positivity in 1%. The risk of toxoplasmosis infection in T2DM patients was two folds higher than healthy controls according to the IgG results. IgM results were further differentiated. Conclusions: We believe that the seroprevalence of T. gondii is high in the T2DM patient group and that the causes should be investigated in more detail.Öğe Do antidiabetic drugs prevent the transformation of Acanthamoeba trophozoite into cyst form?(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Ozpinar, Necati; Karaman, Ulku; Ozpinar, Hulya; Dag, SekerThis study examines the effects of three different drugs with metformin, acarbose and pioglitazone active ingredients used for antidiabetic purposes on Acanthamoeba cysts and trophozoites. Cultures of A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts were prepared to test the anti-amoebic activity of metformin, acarbose and pioglitazone. Cultures were then prepared for A. castellanii cyst and trophozoite forms and parasites were exposed to different concentrations (0.750 mg/mL, 0.375 mg/mL, 0.186 mg/mL and 0.093 mg/mL) of metformin, acarbose and pioglitazone. As a result of the study, the reproductive potential suppressive effects and conversion from trophozoite form to cyst form of all three substances on A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts were determined. Parasites were counted at 12, 24 and 48 hours in the cell counter after staining with trypan blue. In comparison of the effects of metformin, acarbose and pioglitazone used in the study on A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts, it was observed that all three substances were statistically effective against cysts and trophozoites at a concentration of 0.750 mg/mL. Furthermore, it was determined that all concentrations of the three active substances included in the study significantly decreased the rate of cyst formation even at the end of the 7th day. In this context, it was determined that all three substances have amebicidal effects, and they significantly inhibit the transformation of A. castellanii trophozoites to cyst form. It is thought that these active substances, which are currently used as anti-diabetic, can be used in combination with other drugs in A. castellanii infections based on our study findings.Öğe Investigation of Leishmania RNA Virus 2 (LRV2) in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Strains Isolated from Hatay, Turkey(Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2022) Culha, Gulnaz; Kaya, Tugba; Ozpinar, Necati[Abstract Not Available]Öğe A new therapeutic approach for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: Photothermal application of macrophage-specific antibody binding graphene oxide nanoparticles(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Ozpinar, Necati; Polat, Zubeyda AkinBackground & objectives: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a zoonotic and anthropogenic protozoal disease. We aimedto develop a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of CL. Methods: BALB/c mice have infected L. major amastigotes from their footpads. Twenty-one days later after injection, the animals were divided into three control and three experimental groups. The intralesional injection of graphene oxide and photothermal application (GO+PA) were applied to the first experimental group (Group 1); graphene oxide modified with a macrophage-specific antibody and photothermal application (MSA+GO+PA) were applied to the second experimental group (Group 2), and the photothermal application (PA) was applied to the third experimental group (Group 3). Miltefosine was administered orally to the first control group (Group 4); the second control group that is not treated was assigned as the positive control (Group 5) and the third control group was assigned as the negative control (Group 6). Lesions were examined (erythema and edema) after the 5th day and 10th of the treatment, clinically. On the 10th day of the treatment, the level of TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6, and IFN-gamma were detected histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Results: In the 5th day of the treatment it was observed that 50% of the animals were completely treated with Group 2, and in the 10th day, the ration raised to 75%. Interpretation & conclusion: We showed a novel application to treat CL by using MSA modified GO and PA within 10 days. According to our study outcomes, this application could be a new treatment approach for CL cure.Öğe PARASITE CONTAMINATION AND DETECTION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SPP. BY REAL-TIME PCR IN VEGETABLES SOLD IN BULANCAK OPEN-AIR MARKET IN GIRESUN PROVINCE(Publ House Bulgarian Acad Sci, 2022) Kulcu, Duygu Balpetek; Karaman, Ulku; Ozpinar, NecatiIn the present study, 192 vegetable samples were collected from the openair market by random sampling method between September 2019 and September 2020. The samples were analyzed by native-lugol, sedimentation, trichrome, modified trichrome, modified Kinyoun acid-fast and PCR methods. Data were given as percentage and mean. Descriptive statistics of the data set were expressed as mean +/- standard deviation (SD). The differences between the means were compared with the Pearson's Chi-Square, Kruskal-Wallis and Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square test. P value of <= 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Parasites were found in all collected vegetables and Cryptosporidium spp. (32.29%), Entamoeba coli (19.27%), Ascaris spp. (12.50%), Giardia intestinalis (9.38%), and Toxocara spp. (4.69%) were detected at the highest rate as a result of the analysis. As a result of the study, the presence of parasites was detected in readyto-eat vegetables collected from Bulancak open-air market in Giresun province. Parasites can be transmitted by eating vegetables that are undercooked, uncooked, or not well washed. In this direction, it can be recommended to take effective washing measures before consuming fresh vegetables, to apply raw fertilizer and to educate the public about their application in order to prevent parasitic infection that may arise from contaminated vegetables.
