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Öğe Effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation on growth performance and some biochemical parameters in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2008) Yalcin, S.; Ozsoy, B.; Cengiz, O.; Bulbul, T.This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different contents of L-carnitine added to quail diets on some growth characteristics and blood biochemical parameters. For that, 345 one week old Japanese quail chickens (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into 5 equal groups according to the L carnitine contents added to the diet for 4 weeks (0 mg/kg of diet in the control group, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg in the treatment groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively). Body weights, body weight gains, food intake and food efficiency were determined weekly. At the 4(th) week of treatment, carcass traits and blood biochemical parameters (serum total protein, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations as well as serum ALP, AST and ALT activities) were analyzed from 12 randomly selected males in each group. With the highest L carnitine dosage, body weights significantly increased at the 2(nd) week of treatment and the cumulative body weight gains on the whole period were significantly higher than in the other groups. In parallel, the total food intake tended to slightly decrease whereas food efficiency and weights and yields of carcasses tended to be improved in the group treatment 4 but not significantly. By contrast, lower dosages of L carnitine failed to induce changes in weight gain, food consumption or in carcass traits. Furthermore, biochemical parameters were not affected by L carnitine supplementation whatever the dose used. These results suggest that higher dosages of L carnitine (above 200 mg/kg) would be necessary for improving lipid metabolism and growth in quails.Öğe Effects of dietary live yeast culture on fattening performance on some blood and rumen fluid parameters in goats(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2013) Ozsoy, B.; Yalcin, S.; Erdogan, Z.; Cantekin, Z.; Aksu, T.The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of live yeast culture supplementation as a natural feed additive on fattening performance, some blood and rumen fluid parameters in male goats. Totally 48 hybride male goat kids (Saanen x Sami breeds) were divided into one control and three treatment groups each containing 12 kids. Concentrates of groups were formulated as isonitrogenic and isocaloric. Live yeast culture (RumiSacc, Integro Food Industry and Trade Co., Istanbul, Turkey; Live yeast cell: 1.4 x 10(8) cfu per gram) was included in the concentrates at 0 (CON), 1.5 (YC15), 3.0 (YC30) and 4.5% (YC45) on fed basis, respectively. Concentrates were given ad libitum and 100 g per day per animal of lentil straw was given as roughage. Dietary yeast culture at the level of 4.5% increased total weight gain (+15.5% regarding control group). Rumen ammonia-N level was increased with 3 and 4.5% of live yeast culture (+30.9 and +30.5% regarding control group). Ruminal total and individual VFA and blood plasma levels of total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, triglyceride and the activities of alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase were not affected from the dietary treatments. Coliform bacteria count in ruminal fluid and faeces was decreased with yeast culture supplementation. It is concluded that live yeast culture can be included in male goat diets at the level of 4.5% with positively affecting performance.Öğe The protective effect of L-carnitine against hippocampal damage due to experimental formaldehyde intoxication in rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Ozmen, E.; Ozsoy, S. Y.; Donmez, N.; Ozsoy, B.; Yumusak, N.We investigated the protective effects of L-carnitine on hippocampus tissue damage in rats during experimental formaldehyde (FA) intoxication. Male Wistar albino rats were assigned into four groups: (1) control (C), (2) formaldehyde (FA), (3) formaldehyde + 0.5 g/kg of L-carnitine (FA + 0.5 LC) (4) formaldehyde + 1 g/kg L-carnitine (FA + 1 LC). At the end of the 14 day trial period, animals were sacrificed by decapitation under anesthesia. The hippocampus tissue samples were extracted to measure MDA, GSH and SOD activity. Neuronal degeneration was assessed based on histopathological (hematoxylin and eosin) and immunohistochemical (anti-ubiquitin) examination. To detect oxidative stress, specimens were reacted with anti-Cu/Zn-SOD antibody. After administering L-carnitine with FA to the animals, the activities of SOD and GSH increased, but the levels of MDA decreased in hippocampus tissue. Neuronal degeneration was observed in the FA group. L-carnitine administration reduced neuronal degeneration and histological structure was similar to controls. After FA application, degenerated hippocampus neurons were stained with anti-ubiquitin and Cu/Zn-SOD antibodies; weakly positive staining was observed in L-carnitine-treated groups. L-carnitine may be useful for preventing oxidative damage in the hippocampus tissue due to formaldehyde intoxication.Öğe Protective effect of L-carnitine on experimental lead toxicity in rats: a clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical study(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2011) Ozsoy, S. Y.; Ozsoy, B.; Ozyildiz, Z.; Aytekin, I.Female Wistar-albino rats were given lead acetate (PbAc) for 60 days to investigate the protective effects of L-carnitine (CA) clinically and histopathologically on PbAc-induced tissue damage. Blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein for hemoglobin (HB), hematocrit (HCT), red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine. PbAc treatment caused a significant decrease in HB, HCT and RBC, a significant increase in WBC, AST, ALT and creatinine compared to controls. Although administration of CA did not reverse HB and HCT values, it reversed both the decrease in RBC and the increase in WBC, AST, ALT and creatinine. After the experimental period, all rats were weighed, then decapitated for pathological examination. Control rat liver, kidney and brain showed normal histological architecture. Lead-induced nephropathic kidneys; degenerative changes, inflammation and portal edema of the liver; and brain neuropil vacuolation, neuronal vacuolation, satellitosis and neuronophagia were observed in experimental groups. All changes were reduced in the PbAc group treated with CA (PbAc + CA). PbAc caused copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) expression in both the hepatocytes and tubular epithelium of the kidney. PbAc + CA exposure caused moderate Cu/Zn-SOD immunoreactivity. While in the brain sections of the PbAc group the degenerative neurons were stained intensely with anti-ubiquitin antibody, PbAc + CA rats showed moderate staining in neurons with anti-ubiquitin antibody. These results show that CA as a food additive reduced the severity of tissue damage caused by PbAc.Öğe Usage of brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a replacement of vitamin and trace mineral premix in broiler diets(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2013) Sacakli, P.; Koksal, B. H.; Ergun, A.; Ozsoy, B.The effects of brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a substitute for vitamin and trace mineral premix in broiler diets on some performance parameters and tibia ash proportions have been investigated. For that, 400 one-day old male broiler Ross-308 chickens were assigned to 5 equal treatment groups (allotted in 4 pens of 20 birds): a group was fed with diets containing recommended vitamin and trace mineral contents during the starting, growing and finishing periods and served as a positive control group, and the birds from the other 4 groups received diets depleted in vitamins and trace minerals by 75% supplemented by 0% (negative controls), 1, 3 and 5% brewer's yeast, respectively. Vitamin and mineral depletion has significantly decreased weight gains and food intakes determined for the growing and finishing periods and yeast addition whatever the dosage, has not prevented the negative effects on growth performance, particularly in the last period. The various dietary treatments have not significantly modified weights of visceral organs (gizzard, heart, spleen, liver and bursa of Fabricius) but abdominal fat deposits were markedly enhanced when 5% yeast was added to the vitamin / trace mineral depleted diets. Tibia ash amount was greatly diminished in birds fed with depleted rations and the bone effect was reversed in groups supplemented with 1% to 5% yeast. The results indicated that performance parameters were depressed by reduction of dietary vitamin and trace mineral content throughout the growing period independently of the yeast addition whereas the negative bone effects were prevented by the inclusion of yeast in broiler diets.Öğe Variations in serum metabolites in response to season, cyclicity, and pregnancy in estrus-synchronized Damascus goats(Springer, 2020) Saribay, M. K.; Naseer, Z.; Dogruer, G.; Ozsoy, B.; Ates, C. T.The current study was carried out to determine the changes in serum electrolytes, liver enzymes, and hormones during breeding and non-breeding seasons in estrus-synchronized goats. Forty goats (n = 40) were synchronized by inserting the sponges intravaginally for 12 days; PMSG and PGF(2)alpha were injected on day of sponge removal. Blood samples were collected from the goats at the time of sponges insertion (day -12), estrus day (day 0), and at 15 day after sponge withdrawal (day 15). The blood samples were analyzed for glucose, cholesterol (CHO), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T-3), thyroxine (T-4) and progesterone (P-4), calcium (Ca), phosphate (PO4), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chlorine (Cl) levels. Repeated measurements ANOVA of general linear model were used as statistical model. The results showed that seasons have an effect (p < 0.05) on glucose, Ca, Na, K, Cl, CHO, T-3, and T-4 levels. There was an effect (p < 0.05) of cyclicity only on P-4 level. Whereas, nonpregnant, or goats carrying singlet and twin fetuses have shown variation (p < 0.05) in glucose, Ca, and P-4 levels. Although, the correlations existed between different serum metabolites but strong correlations (p < 0.05) were observed either between Ca and Na or T-3 and T-4. In conclusion, the serum electrolytes and liver enzymes are correlated with hormones during the different seasons, pregnancy status, and fecundity. In recommendation, the results of the study could be as managemental tool to monitor the reproductive activity across seasons and to maintain pregnancy carrying twining in goat breeds.
