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    Anti-tumoral effect of beta-blockers on prostate and bladder cancer cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2022) Ozler, Serkan; Pazarci, Percin
    The incidence of prostate cancer in the world is increasing every year. Death caused by prostate cancer is increased by 13% in men between 1980 and 2005. It is the second leading cause of cancer death in men after lung cancer. Bladder cancer is the second most common of urological malignancies. Most of the bladder cancers are treated with transurethral resection. Even great efforts have been made in the treatment of bladder cancer over the past years, it still remains as a major health problem. New therapeutic approaches are required to prevent the development and metastasis of these diseases. Experimental and clinical studies have shown potential beneficial effects of co-administration of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists (beta-blockers) during cancer therapy. This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor activity of beta-blockers on prostate and bladder cancer. Prostate and bladder cancer cell lines were cultured and treated with beta-blocker (propranolol). Then, protein levels and activity of apoptotic pathway mediators and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway mediators were analyzed by ELISA. Propranolol treatment elevated the activity of caspase-3 and expression of bax, Wee1, GADD153 and apoptosis-inducing factor, but decreased bcl-2 which is an antiapoptotic protein. Propranolol treatment also inhibited ERK and JNK activity. This study showed that propranolol will help to inhibit prostate and bladder cancer by activating apoptotic pathway and by inhibiting MAPK pathway. This is the first study investigating the apoptotic effect of propranolol via MAPK on prostate and bladder cancer.
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    Öğe
    The effects of daylight exposure on melatonin levels, Kiss1 expression, and melanoma formation in mice
    (Medicinska Naklada, 2020) Pazarci, Percin; Kaplan, Halil; Alptekin, Davut; Yilmaz, Mehmet; Luleyap, Umit; Singirik, Ergin; Pelit, Aykut
    Aim To determine how daylight exposure in mice affects melatonin protein expression in blood and Kiss1 gene expression in the hypothalamus. The second aim was to as sess the relationship between skin cancer formation, day-light exposure, melatonin blood level, and kisspeptin gene expression level. Methods New-born mice (n = 96) were assigned into the blind group or daylight group. The blind group was raised in the dark and the daylight group was raised under 12 hours light/12 hours dark cycle for 17 weeks. At the end of the 11th week, melanoma cell line was inoculated to mice, and t timor growth was observed for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, melatonin level was measured from blood serum a rid Kiss1 expression from the hypothalamus. Results The blind group had significantly higher meta tonin and lower Kiss1 expression levels than the daylight group. Tumor volume was inversely proportional to melatonin levels and directly proportional to Kiss1 expression levels. Tumor growth speed was lower in the blind than in the daylight group. Conclusion Melatonin and Kiss1 were shown to be nvolved in tumor suppression. They were affected by daylight and were mutually affected by each other.