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Öğe Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of White and Multicolor Geese under Local Breeder Conditions(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Yakan, Akin; Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Elmali, Mehmet; Sahin, Tarkan; Motor, Sedat; Can, YesimThe purpose of this study was to define the meat quality characteristics of White and Multicolor geese under local breeder conditions. While carcass and edible offal percentages were similar breast, back and wing ratios were statistically different between White and Multicolor geese. Phenotypic color differentiation between geese varieties was reflected on both breast meat and skin (except a* value). While White geese had better values than Multicolor geese for saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid, Multicolor geese were higher than White geese for polyunsaturated fatty acid. Nutritive value of White variety was higher than Multicolor variety in breast meat, skin and abdominal fat.Öğe The Effect of Single and Combined Use of Probiotic and Humate in Quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) Diet on Fatttening Performance and Carcass Parameters(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Sahin, Tarkan; Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Kaya, Ismail; Sari, Mehmet; Kaya, OzlemThis experiment was carried out to determine the both single and combined effects of humates (Farmagulator XP (TM)) and probiotics (Biosacc (TM)) in quail diets on fattening performance and carcass yields. A total of 300 one-day old Japanese Quails( Coturnix coturnix japonica) were used in this experiment. Animals were divided into one control group and three treatment groups containing 75 birds each. Each group was further divided into three replicates containing 25 birds each. The experimental period lasted for 35 days. The control group was fed with unsupplemented basal diets. The rations of treatment groups were supplemented with 1 g/kg Farmagulator XP (TM) (Group H), 0.5 g/kg Biosacc (TM) (Group B) and 1 g/kg Farmagulator XP (TM) + 0.5 g/kg Biosacc (TM) combination (Group H+B), respectively. At the end of the study there were no statistically significant differences among the groups in terms of body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield (P>0.05). But, body weight scores were found higher at the 4th and 5th weeks in the group H (P<0.05). It is concluded that the use of probiotic and humic acid alone and combination has no additional effect on quail performance.Öğe Effects of Different Levels of Essential Oil Mixed (Peppermint-Thyme-Anise Oil) Supplementation in the Drinking Water on the Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Histologic Structure of Terminal Ileum in Quails(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2016) Karadagoglu, Ozlem; Onk, Kadir; Sahin, Tarkan; Bingol, Seyit Ali; Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Durna, OzlemThis study was conducted in order to define the effects of oregofarm (peppermint, thyme and anise oil) supplementation in the drinking water on the growth performance, carcass quality and histologic structure of terminal ileum in quails. A total of 348 Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) of both sexes were included in this study. They were divided into one control group and two experimental groups and each of them contained 116 Japanese quail chicks. Each group was further divided into four subgroups with 29 Japanese quail chicks. This study was finalized in six weeks. All groups were fed with basal diets and received fresh water during the experiment. The control group received non-supplemented water. The group 1 and 2 received 1.0 ml/5 L and 1.5 ml/5 L oil mixture, respectively. All experimental groups were fed with water and ad-libitum. As a result of the study, there were statistically significant differences between the feed consumption and efficiency (P<0.001) in the end of the three weeks. Similarly, there were also statistically significant differences between same parameters (P<0.01; 0.05) five weeks later. The body weights of quails were not significantly different from each other (P>0.05). At the end of the study, there were statistically differences in the warm and cold carcass parameters (P<0.05). Adding essential oil mixed were not affected on histological structure of terminal ileum (P>0.05). Conclusively, the supplementation of oregofarm (peppermint + thyme and anise oil) has no additional effect on quail performance.Öğe The Effects of Drinking Water Supplemented with Essential Oils on Performance, Egg Quality and Egg Yolk Fatty Acid Composition in Laying Hens(Aves, 2018) Karadagoglu, Ozlem; Ozsoy, Bulent; Olmez, Mukremin; Durna Aydin, Ozlem; Sahin, TarkanThis study was performed to examine the effect of different concentrations of an essential oil mixture (EOM) added to drinking water on growth performance, internal and external egg quality, and egg yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens. A total of 240 Brown Nick laying hens aged 20 weeks were used in this study. These hens were divided into one control and three treatment groups whose drinking water was supplemented with 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 ml/L of Oregofarm EOM. Oregofarm is a commercially available product containing peppermint, oregano, and anise oil. Each treatment group was further categorized into 10 subgroups, each consisting of 6 laying hens. The hens were fed basal rations for 16 weeks. For data collection and analysis, a 16-week period was divided into three time periods of 5 weeks. The weights of 25- to 30- and 35-week eggs were recorded weekly. In the groups whose drinking water was supplemented with the EOM, there was a significant improvement in egg production (EP) (p<0.001), weekly egg weights during the entire study period (p<0.001), and feed conversion ratio (p<0.05). Furthermore, egg shell thickness and yolk height were significantly increased (p<0.05) at week 35. The Haugh unit was also significantly improved (p<0.05) at weeks 25 and 30. However, feed intake and body weight were not affected by the treatment (p>0.05). The levels of saturated fatty acids were decreased, whereas the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased with EOM supplementation, although the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Therefore, based on the beneficial effects of supplementing drinking water with different concentrations of EOM on egg weight, egg production, feed conversion ratio, and egg yolk fatty acid compositions, it is suggested that EOM can be safely added at concentrations of up to 0.3 ml/L (i.e., the levels used in this study) to drinking water for laying hens.Öğe The Effects of Grazing and Concentrate Supplementation at Pasture on Performance and Rumen Parameters in Lambs(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Kaya, Ismail; Sahin, Tarkan; Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Unal, YucelIn this study, the effect of grazing and concentrate supplementation on fattening performance, rumen pH, total volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen concentration in lambs were investigated. The effect of vegetation period on nutrient content of the pasture were also determined. Eighteen Tushin lambs, 2-3 months age and weaned were used in experiment. Lambs were divided into three groups with their weight and each group consists of 6 lambs. Concentrate with 18.5% CP and 2.650 kcal/kg ME was fed to lambs in addition to pasture. Six lambs were only grazed (Pasture Group). Six lambs were supplemented 200 g concentrate with the pasture (Pasture + Suppl. I Group) and six lambs were supplemented 400 g concentrate with the pasture (Pasture + Suppl. II Group). Lambs were grazing on the pasture 8 h in a day. Supplementated feeds were given after the grazing and water was supplied two times in a day. The lamb body weight gains were determined monthly. The experiment was lasted three months There were no significant effect of grazing and supplementation on body weight of lambs (P > 0.05). Daily weight gain of grazing and supplementation groups were determined 153, 161, 183 g respectively. There were no significant differences in rumen fluid pH, TVFA and NH(3)-N between the grazing or supplementation groups (P > 0.05). Dry matter and CF contents of pasture were increased with respect to the vegetation period (31.33-74.89%, 29.08-34.68%), but CP was decreased from 11.01% to 6.25% (P < 0.05). As a result, supplementation of concentrate feed to grazing lambs on the pasture were no effect on performance and rumen parameters in lambs. On the other hand there were differences nutrient contents of pasture with vegetation.Öğe Estimation of Feed Intake and Digestibility in Grazing Cattle Using Alkane Indicator Technique(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2014) Unal, Yucel; Kaya, Ismail; Sahin, Tarkan; Oncuer, Ahmet; Elmali, Dilek A.; Yenice, GulerThis study examined the estimation of the Dry-Matter Intake (DMIe) and Digestibility (DMDe) and the utilization of the pasture by grazing cattle in different seasons of the Kars region by using alkane indicator technique. Two experiments were carried out, and in the first experiment, 5 male cattle (mean LW. 244.5 +/- 2.3 kg) were used for 20 days. In first experiment, the precision and reliability of alkane indicator technique were determined by comparing the real Dry Matter Intake (DMI) and Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD) which was obtained by the controlled indoor study with DMIe and DMDe estimated by using alkane indicators. The second experiment was conducted with the pasturing cattle in meadow in 5 terms each lasted 20 days. Ten male cattle (mean LW. 164.9 +/- 1.5 kg) were divided in two groups, and different animals were used in each term. The best result for DMIe was obtained by using the alkanes C-33:C-32 couples in mixed (collected in 24 h) samples in indoor study (R-2:0.86). DMDe's calculated by using alkanes C-32 and C-33 were similar to the real DMD, whereas the DMDe's with alkane C-36 were underestimated (P<0.05). The results obtained with indoor study showed that alkane indicator capsules could be used successfully as a dosing method in alkane indicator method. According to the second experiment results, it was determined that the animals, grazing in the pasture in Kars conditions, were not able to get required nutrient from the pasture towards the end of August.Öğe The role of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance, egg yolk fatty acid composition, and fecal microflora of laying hens(Revista Brasileira Zootecnia Brazilian Journal Animal Sci, 2018) Ozsoy, Bulent; Karadagoglu, Ozlem; Yakan, Akin; Onk, Kadir; Celik, Elif; Sahin, TarkanThis study investigated the effects of different levels (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%) of yeast culture supplementation on body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg production, egg weight, egg quality traits, egg yolk fatty acid composition, and microbiological flora in feces. A total of 240 laying hens at 18-19 weeks of age were divided into four groups and fed a basal diet containing 2750 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 16% crude protein for 16 weeks. The basal diet was supplemented with 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% commercial yeast culture product obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The different levels of yeast culture supplementation to the diets did not statistically affect body weight change among the treatments. However, feed intake was lowest in the group fed 0.2% of yeast culture. The highest egg weights were obtained from the groups fed 0.1 and 0.2% yeast culture, when compared with control group. Regarding fatty acid composition, linolenic acid (C18:2 n6) was lowest in the group fed 0.2% yeast culture. However, yeast culture supplementation to the diet did not alter the microbial flora. Yeast culture (S. cerevisiae) supplementation to the diet of laying hens is beneficial for increasing feed intake and egg weight of laying hens without affecting the microbial flora in their digestive system.
