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    Effects of aflatoxin and sodium bentonite administered in feed alone or combined on lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidneys of broilers
    (Natl Veterinary Research Inst, 2004) Eraslan, G; Akdogan, M; Yarsan, E; Essiz, D; Sahindokuyucu, F; Hismiogullari, SE; Altintas, L
    One-day-old Avian breed broiler chicks were divided into 6 equal groups, consisting of 12 chicks in each. While group 1 was kept as a control groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were receiving for 45 d feed with addition of: sodium bentonite 2.5 g/kg; sodium bentonite 5.0 g/kg; aflatoxin 1 ppm (approximately 85%, 10%, 3% and 2% for AF B-1, B-2, G(1) and G,, respectively); sodium bentonite 2.5 g/kg + aflatoxin 1 ppm and sodium bentonite 5.0 g/kg + aflatoxin 1 ppm, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the chicks were sacrificed and their liver and kidneys were removed. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and lipid peroxide (LPO) level were examined in both organs. According to the obtained data, the significant decreases in the GPx and CAT activities and significant increase in LPO level were detected in the liver tissues of groups 4, 5 and 6 compared to the control. The significant increase in LPO level in kidney tissues was found only in the groups 4, 5 and 6 compared to the control.
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    Effects of dietary aflatoxin and sodium bentonite on some hormones in broiler chickens
    (Natl Veterinary Research Inst, 2005) Eraslan, G; Essiz, D; Akdogan, M; Sahindokuyucu, F; Altintas, L; Hismiogullari, SE
    In this study, 72 one-day-old, male, Avian race, broiler chicks were used. The birds were divided into 6 equal groups. While the first group was kept as a control, groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 received for 45 d the feed containing 0.25% of sodium bentonite, 0.5% of sodium bentonite, 1 ppm of aflatoxin (AF) (approximately, 85% 131, 10% 132, 3% G, and 2% G(2)) 0.25% of sodium bentonite with 1 ppm of AF, and 0.5% of sodium bentonite with 1 ppm of AF, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, blood was collected and plasma was separated. Plasma triiodothyronine (T-3), thyroxine (T-4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), testosterone, and growth hormone (GH) levels were measured. A significant decrease was detected in plasma T-3 and T-4 levels in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, and a significant increase in plasma testosterone level in groups 2, 4, 5 and 6, compared to the control group. FA and sodium bentonite, which were given alone, were found to be effective on T-3, T-4, and testosterone contents. In the case of their combination, there was no certain evidence that the adsorbent ameliorated the effects of AF. Therefore these parameters could not be used in in vivo studies of binding the FA with sodium bentonite in broiler chickens.