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Öğe Effect of different rootstock on plant growth, yield and quality of watermelon(Csiro Publishing, 2003) Yetisir, H; Sari, NThis study was conducted in Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cukurova in 1999 and 2000. Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai] cultivar Crimson Tide was grafted onto 10 different rootstocks. Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita maxima and Lagenaria siceraria were open pollinated cultivars, and Strong Tosa, Gold Tosa, P360 (Cucurbita maxima x Cucurbita moschata), Skopje, Emphasis, 216 and FRG ( Lagenaria spp.) were hybrid cultivars. The ungrafted Crimson Tide watermelon cultivar was used as the control. Plants were grown under low tunnel conditions until the outdoor temperature was suitable (22-25degreesC) for watermelon growth. Our results showed that while survival rate was low (65%) in Cucurbita type rootstocks, it was high (95%) in Lagenaria type rootstocks. Grafted plants flowered about 10 days earlier and showed more vigorous vegetative growth than the control plants. Grafted plants had up to 148% higher fresh weights than control plants. Similarly, grafted plants showed 42-180% higher dry weight, 58-100% more leaves and larger leaf area as compared with the control. In total yield, Lagenaria type rootstocks produced a higher yield but Cucurbita type rootstocks produced a lower yield than the control. While control plants had 6.43 kg/m(2) yield, Lagenaria type rootstocks produced 27-106% higher yield than the control. In contrast, Cucurbita type rootstocks had 127-240% less yield than the control. This could be attributed to incompatibility of Cucurbita rootstocks because some of the plants died before harvest. The study showed that rootstock choices influence plant growth as well as yield and quality of scion fruit, suggesting an important consideration in the potential use of grafting applications in watermelon.Öğe A histological analysis of regeneration in watermelon(Springer India, 2003) Yalcin-Mendi, NY; Ipek, M; Kacan, H; Curuk, S; Sari, N; Cetiner, S; Gaba, VThe optimization of regeneration protocol for different genotypes increases the yield in transformation studies. Cotyledon explants of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb) Matsum & Nakai] cv Crimson Sweet were cultured on MS medium containing combinations of benzyl adenine (BA) (0, 5, 10, 20 muM) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0, 0.5, 5 muM). Maximum shoot growth and subsequent rooting from explants on regeneration medium were obtained from the media containing 10 muM BA + 0.5 muM IAA and 20 muM BA (75 and 78%) by direct organogenesis, respectively. Histological analysis showed that cell division was observed in the epidermal and subepidermal layers. Protuberant structures were observed in tissues between 7 and 12 days in culture. Meristematic structures were observed after 12 days in culture which later developed into buds.Öğe A new method for haploid muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) dihaploidization(Elsevier Science Bv, 2003) Yetisir, H; Sari, NThree methods for dihaploidization of haploid melon (Cucumis melo L.) plants were evaluated. Ploidy level was determined morphologically and cytologically for plants treated with colchicine. Immersion of in vitro plantlets or single node explants was compared to immersion of soot tips of greenhouse grown plants in a colchicine solution. In addition, application of single drops of colchicine was applied to lateral buds of greenhouse grown plants. Dihaploidization rate by immersion of apical growing point was about 89%, a rate three times greater than in vitro application by immersion of plantlets or their cuttings into colchicine solution. Colchicine treatment of lateral buds by medicine dropper was found to be ineffective in dihaploid production. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Physiologic races of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp melonis in the southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey and varietal reactions to races of the pathogen(Priel Publ, 2002) Kurt, S; Baran, B; Sari, N; Yetisir, HThirty-four isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis (Fo.m.) obtained from 205 fields in melon-producing areas in the southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey were identified on the basis of colony morphology and pathogenicity by the root dip method. In this region the mean prevalence of wilt disease was 88.1% and the mean incidence of disease was 47.5%. Physiologic races 0, 1, 2, and 1,2 of the pathogen were determined by their reactions on differential melon cultivars 'Charentais T,' 'Isoblon', 'Isovac' and 'Margot' in the greenhouse. Race 1,2, representating 58.8% (20/34) of all isolates, was widely distributed. Of the other pathogenic isolates, eight were identified as race 0, five as race 1, and one as race 2. This is the first report of physiologic races of F.o.m. in Turkey. Of 44 melon cultivars tested in the greenhouse for resistance to Fo.m. races, 36 were found to be moderately resistant to race 0, 17 were susceptible to race 1,2, 34.1% were highly resistant to race 1, and 52.2% had moderate resistance to race 2.Öğe Rootstock resistance to Fusarium wilt and effect on watermelon fruit yield and quality(Springer, 2003) Yetisir, H; Sari, N; Yücel, SThe potential of grafted watermelon for resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum on some Curcurbitaceae, Lagenaria, Luffa, Benincasa and commercial rootstocks was evaluated. Effects of grafting on yield and quality of diseased plants were evaluated. All grafted plants and rootstocks were resistant to the three known races (0, 1, and 2) of F oxysporum f.sp. niveum except watermelon cv. 'Crimson Tide', which was susceptible to race 2. Fruit yield was positively (21-112%) affected by Lagenaria rootstocks but negatively affected (200-267%) by Cucurbita rootstocks when compared with the control. While only minor differences in fruit quality were determined in control and grafted plants on Lagenaria rootstocks, the quality parameters for watermelon grafted onto Cucurbita rootstocks were lower than in the control. The reasons for low yield and quality might be due to an incompatibility between Cucurbita rootstocks and watermelon. These results showed that rootstock influence on disease resistance as well as yield and quality of scion fruit is important in determining the potential use of grafting applications in watermelon.
