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Öğe Determining total phenolics and antioxidant activity of selected Fragaria genotypes(Chemical Publishing Co., 2007) Özgen, M.; Serçe, S.; Gündüz, K.; Yen, F.; Kafkas, E.; Paydas, S.Strawberries are known to have high antioxidant properties. In present study, we determined total phenolics and antioxidant activity of a group of Fragaria genotypes representing the Turkish diploid strawberry genotypes, dominating cultivars and some selections and hybrids. The average total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities were highest in wild material 7914 ?g GAE/gfw and 70.2 ?mol TE/gfw, respectively. The average of total phenolic compounds for hybrids was the highest (2467 ?g GAE/gfw) and followed by selections (2395 ?g GAE/gfw) and varieties (2318 pg GAE/gfw). The values increased during the season progress. A similar trend was observed on antioxidant activity of selected strawberries. The antioxidant capacity in the wild material was detected more than 3 fold higher than the F. xananassa groups (70.2 vs. 19.9, 21.4, 21.1 ?mol TE/gfw). The present results showed that there is a great variability among the strawberry genotypes tested for total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities. Therefore, in addition to taste and aroma characteristics high antioxidant properties should be important for cultivar selection by consumers and breeders for healthy diet.Öğe Evaluation of elite native strawberry germplasm for resistance to anthracnose crown rot disease caused by Colletotrichum species(American Society for Horticultural Science, 2007) Lewers, K.S.; Turechek, W.W.; Hokanson, S.C.; Maas, J.L.; Hancock, J.F.; Serçe, S.; Smith, B.J.Anthracnose crown rot of cultivated strawberry (Fragaria xananassa Duchesne ex Rozier) has been a major disease problem in the strawberry producing regions of the southeastern United States since the early 1970s. Chemical controls are often inadequate, but use of resistant cultivars is seen as a credible option for managing this disease. Only a small portion of Fragaria L. germplasm has been screened for resistance to anthracnose crown rot. A core subset of the Fragaria collection maintained at the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Clonal Repository in Corvallis, OR, has been constructed to contain an elite group of native F. virginiana Mill, and F. chiloensis (L.) Mill. This collection, referred to as the "core collection," has been characterized for many horticultural traits, including reactions to several common foliar diseases, resistance to black root rot (causal organisms unknown), and resistance to northern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood) and root-lesion nematode [Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb) Filipjev & Shuurmans Stekhoven]. Our objective was to evaluate the core collection for resistance to a selection of isolates of three Colletotrichum Corda species known to cause strawberry anthracnose, Colletotrichum fragariae A.N. Brooks, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz. [teleomorph Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & H. Schrenk], and Colletotrichum acutatum J.H. Simmonds (teleomorph Glomerella acutata J.C. Guerber & J.C. Correll). No Fragaria subspecies or geomorph was more resistant than any other; rather, individual genotypes within these groups were identified as sources from which resistance can be obtained. Collecting germplasm in areas of intense disease pressure may not be as beneficial as one might assume, at least where anthracnose crown rot disease is concerned.Öğe Evaluation of fruit firmness among the segregation population strawberries developed from ‘Ottoman’ × ‘Camarosa’(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2019) Serçe, S.; Gündüz, K.; Çürük, S.Turkish strawberry production has an increasing trend. ‘Ottoman’ is one of the Turkish strawberry genetic resources with unique horticultural attributes such as aroma content. However, fruit firmness of ‘Osmanlı’ is low. In this study, a segregation population having 340 individuals, produced from ‘Ottoman’ × ‘Camarosa’ were characterized for many horticultural traits for two years. The hybrids were grown in an annual hill cultural system with summer planting on an open field conditions and flowering and runnering dates were recorded. Flower and leaf characteristics were determined in December in both experimental years, while pomological traits of fruit width, length and weight, soluble solids, fruit firmness, fruit external and internal colors were determined periodically during the whole experiment. A great deal of diversity was recorded among the hybrids for the most of the traits evaluated. For example, fruit firmness ranged between 0.2 and 1.5 kg cm-2; while the ranges for soluble solids, total fruit number and yield were 4.0-15.0%, 2-192 and 11.9-1220.8 g, respectively. The data from two experimental years were compared using regression analysis. Except petiole length, leaf width and length, all other traits evaluated had statistically significant correlation between their two years (P=0.000-0.017). 78 individuals from this population were genotyped with 33 SSR primer pairs which had previously been proven to be informative for this population. © 2019 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.Öğe Flower bud formation in the strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) planting materials grown on different locations(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2019) Şahin, E.; Gündüz, K.; Serçe, S.In strawberry production, the sustainability of the increasing trend and fulfilling the complete potential, expanding the harvesting period of has great importance. For this purpose, the better understanding of the flower bud formation in the strawberry cultivars from different background and determination of plating material types and planting dates are required. We investigated meristems coming from different locations (Amasya = high elevation and Antakya = low elevation) and sampled in four different dates (1 September, 15 September, 1 October and 15 October) using ‘Cal Giant–3’, ‘Camarosa’, ‘Festival’, ‘Kabarla’ and ‘Sweet Charlie’ cultivars; 2). During the investigation of the meristems, five plants of each of the high and low land locations’ mother, and daughter plants and plug planting material was observed. The plug planting materials produced in the low and high land locations were planted on the planting dates of 1 September, 15 September, 1 October and 15 October and the fruits were subjected to the pomological analyses for ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Festival’. The planting dates had statistically significant differences for ‘Festival’. Although there were some statistically significant differences among the pomological traits tested, constant patterns for all periods and cultivars resulted from either planting material type or planting dates was not recovered. The results indicated that to increase the early yield in strawberry production, studies targeting to identify cultivars with low chilling requirement which could form flower buds under less favorable conditions may result in more advantageous results. © 2019 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.Öğe Taxonomic variation among North and South American subspecies of Fragaria virginiana Miller and Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Miller(2004) Hancock, J.F.; Serçe, S.; Portman, C.M.; Callow, P.W.; Luby, J.J.A morphometric comparison was done in the greenhouse of 220 genotypes representing all the American taxa of octoploid strawberries. Only two groups of Fragaria virginiana Miller (Staudt) and Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Miller were well separated in both principle component and cluster analyses: a group composed primarily of F. chiloensis subspecies plus some F. virginiana ssp. glauca (Wats.) Staudt and F. virginiana ssp. platypetala (Rydberg) Staudt and another group composed primarily of F. virginiana ssp. virginiana Duchesne; and F. virginiana ssp. grayana (E. Vilmorin ex Gay) with some F. virginiana ssp. glauca and F. virginiana ssp. platypetala. Among the individual traits examined, only hair orientation reliably distinguished F. chiloensis ssp. lucida (E. Vilmorin ex Gay) from F. chiloensis ssp. pacifica Staudt, and F. virginiana ssp. grayana from F. virginiana ssp. virginiana. Little separation was observed between North and South American F. chiloensis in our principle component and cluster analyses, although these groups did show significant individual discontinuities for a number of traits. Individuals representing the cultivated race of F. chiloensis were in a relatively tight cluster within the scatter of native F. chiloensis. Taken together, these data indicate that F. virginiana and F. chiloensis may be extreme forms of the same biological species and that many of the subspecies designations currently employed in F. virginiana and F. chiloensis should not be recognized. We suggest, however, that there is sufficient morphological and geographical separation to warrant the species designations F. chiloensis and F. virginiana. Fragaria chiloensis ssp. pacifica and Fragaria chiloensis ssp. lucida do not appear to deserve distinct subspecies rank, nor do F. virginiana ssp. virginiana and F. virginiana ssp. grayana. North and South American F. chiloensis are morphologically quite similar, but probably deserve subspecies rank, based on their isolation from each other and the fact that they are evolving separately. Fragaria virginiana ssp. glauca and F. virginiana ssp. platypetala should probably be joined as a single subspecies and retained within F. virginiana until further investigations more definitively determine affinity to other F. virginiana and F. chiloensis subspecies.
