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Öğe Antifungal effect of some essential oil combinations(2021) Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanIn the present study, in vitro antifungal effect of the essentialoils was examined against soil-borne (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)pathogens. Essential oils obtained from Foeniculum vulgareand Laurus nobilis plants, naturally growing in the Hatayprovince, Turkey. The volatile phase of essential oils atdifferent concentrations inhibited the mycelial growth in thedependent of dose. While the fungitoxic effect of essential oilswas determined as 7.50 µL in laurel essential oil, it wasdetermined as 5.0 µL in fennel essential oils. Laurel essentialoils exhibited fungicidal effect at 15 µL whereas. Fennelessential oils exhibited fungicidal effect at 7.50 µL. The twoessential oils were combinated by 3 different techniques(manually combinated oils; together distillation of oils; usingsolvent and combinated oils) and were applied against S.sclerotiorum disease agents. As a conclusion, the resultsexhibited that laurel and fennel obtained separately by manuallymixing with suitable combination of essential oils (MF%75L%25 ) showed fungicidal effect at 5.0 µL; laurel andfennel essential oil obtained by distilling the mixture (TF%75L%25 ) exhibited fungicidal effect at 3.75 µLconcentrations and laurel and fennel essential oils withappropriate combination and mixture with hexane (SF%75L%25) exhibited fungicidal effect at 3.75 µL.Antimicrobial activities revealed that the essential oils inappropriate combinations are more effective than their usingalone against fungal disease agents.Öğe COMPARING OF EUCALYPTUS (Eucalyptus camaldulensis AND Eucalyptus grandis) ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITIONS GROWING IN HATAY ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2022) Alpaslan Kaya, Durmuş; Türkmen, MusaEssential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus grandis from Hatay (Turkey), were analyzed by GC/MS. The total ratio of twenty-three components in Eucalyptus camaldulensis volatile components with 98.15%. This ratio is seen as forty-seven components and 99.66% in Eucalyptus grandis. Eucalyptol, limonene and ?-pinene were identified as the main components of the essential oils of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Cymene, ?-pinene, isoborneol, trans- pinocarveol and eucalyptol were identified as the main components of the essential oils of Eucalyptus grandis. When compare the components of E. camaldulensis and E. grandis essential oils, the main component was determined as eucalyptol with 74.11% and cymene with 31.67% respectively © 2022 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe COMPARISON OF AERIAL PARTS ESSENTIAL OILS OF PURPLE AND WHITE FLOWERED Vitex agnus-castus (LAMIACEAE) POPULATIONS(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2022) Güzel, Yelda; Alpaslan Kaya, Durmuş; Türkmen, MusaEssential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of purple and white flowered Vitex agnus-castus (Lamiaceae) from Hatay (Türkiye), were analyzed by GC/MS. The total ratio of 53 components in Vitex agnus-castus volatile components with purple flowers is 99.87%. This ratio is seen as 43 components and 98.86% in white-flowered Vitex agnus-castus. Eucalyptol, sabinene, ?-pinene, ?[1]terpinyl acetate and trans-caryophyllene were identified as the main components of the essential oils of Vitex agnus-castus with purple and white flowers. In the essential oils of purple flowering Vitex agnus- castus, the highest component was determined as eucalyptol with a rate of 15.41%, followed by nerolidol with 12.76%, caryophyllene oxide with 12.43% and sabinene with 9.4%. When the essential oils of white-flowered Vitex agnus-castus were examined, the rate of eucalyptol was determined as 21.62%. Sabinene ratio was determined as 17.6%, followed by 10.76% ?-pinene and 5.69% ?-terpinyl acetate, respectively. © 2022 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe Determination and antifungal activities of laurel and fennel essential oils against fungal disease agents of cypress seedlings(Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, 2020) Kara, Merve; Soylu, Soner; Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanFusarium oxysporum and Pestalotiopsis funerea are the most common fungal disease agents of conifer seedlings causing root rot and shoot or tip blight diseases. In this study, chemical compositions and antifungal activities of essential oils of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) were determined against root rot and wilt disease agents F. oxysporum and P. funerea in vitro conditions. Chemical compositions of essential oils were determined by using GC-MS analysis. Antifungal volatile phase effects of essential oils were determined on inhibition of mycelial growth in vitro conditions by using different concentrations. The effect of most effective concentrations of essential oils on the morphology of fungal hypha was also determined by using light microscope. GC-MS analysis of essential oils of laurel and fennel plants revealed that eucalyptol (52.88%) and α-terpinyl acetate (11.77%) were major components of laurel; trans-anethole (81.55%) and limonene (5.88%) were major components of fennel essential oils. Volatile phase effects of fennel and laurel essential oils were found to completely inhibit mycelial growth of F. oxysporum at 30.0 and 50.0 µl petri-1 concentrations, respectively. Complete growth inhibition of P. funerea by essential oil of fennel and laurel were observed at relatively lower concentrations (20.0 and 25.0 µl petri-1 concentrations, respectively). Light microscopic observations on hyphae, exposed to volatile phase of the most efficient concentrations of essential oil, revealed considerable structural deformations such as cytoplasmic coagulation, vacuolations and protoplast leakage. In conclusion, our results suggest that essential oils have the potential for use in control of fungal diseases of conifer plants.Öğe DETERMINATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL COMPONENTS OBTAINED FROM LEAVES AND AERIAL PARTS OF Ferulago(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2022) Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Güzel, Yelda; Türkmen, MusaIn this study, the contents of essential oils obtained from the leaves and aerial parts of Ferulago syriaca were investigated by GC-MS. Ferulago syriaca used in the study was obtained from Hatay flora. 57 components of the essential oils obtained from the leaves of the plant were determined at a rate of 99.99%. When the essential oil components obtained from the aerial-parts were examined, 43 components were determined at a rate of 98.47%. When the essential oil components obtained from Ferulago syriaca leaves and aerial parts were examined, the main components were determined as Myrcene, durylaldehyde, ?-pinene, ?-phellandrene, ?-terpinolene, limonene, bornyl acetate, p-cymene in both parts of the plant. © 2022 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe Determination of Essential Oil Ratio and Components of Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.), Murt (Myrtus communis L.) Plants Growing Naturally in Osmaniye Region(2022) Koçer, Oğuzhan; Eren, Yılmaz; Türkmen, MusaMedicinal and aromatic plants are divided into two groups, collected from nature and \rgrown.Medicinal and aromatic plants collected from nature grow spontaneously in natural places \rsuch as forests. Two of these plants found in the Mediterranean region are Laurus nobilis L. and \rMyrtus communis L. This study was conducted to determine the ratios and components of essential \roils obtained from laurel trees and myrtle plants. The leaves obtained from these plants, which grow \rintensively in the flora of Osmaniye Province of Turkey, were obtained by using the water vapor \rdistillation method in large distillation boilers (retort) in industrial applications and their essential oils \rwere obtained. The essential oil ratios obtained by retort methods were observed dec 0.9-1.4% in \rlaurel plant and 0.4-0.8% in myrtle plant. The components of essential oil were examined, the Laurel \rmain components ?-pinene (5.75%), sabine (the to 8.9%), eucalyptol (44.42%) and ?-acetate terpinyl\r(17.37%) is designated as the main components of the plant and Mersin, ?-pinene (50.79%), limonene \r(4.08%), eucalyptol (31.66%), ?-terpineol (5.57%), ?-terpinyl acetate (2.37%) has been identified as.\rÖğe Determination of seed yield, quality and fixed oil components of different basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) genotypes: Evaluation of fatty acid profile by PCA biplot analysis(2022) Türkmen, Musa; Eren, Yılmaz; Aygün, Yusuf Ziya; Ertekin, Esra NerminBasil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants are generally grown for different properties and produce seed with a consid-erable amount at the end of the growing season. This study was carried out to determine the seed yield, quality and fixed oil components of eight different basil (B) genotypes with purple (PB) and green (GB) leaf color ob-tained from different countries. In other words, seed yield and quality, fixed oil components, the seed yield, 1000 seed weight, oil content, oil yield, crude protein, ash, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hexadecatrienoic acid properties, ethyl linolate and trace oil contents were investigated. Seed yield, 1000 seeds weight and oil yield were significant statistically among the genotypes. While the best result in terms of seed and oil yield was obtained from GB1, the highest 1000 seeds weight was recorded in GB4. Palmitic acid and trace oil contents of genotypes were significant statistically. The highest palmitic acid content was detected in GB2, whereas the maximum trace oil contents were obtained from GB5. In results of principal components analysis (PCA) purple and green basil types demonstrated different features in terms of fixed oil components. GB2, GB4 and GB5 basil genotypes which have green leaf types were superior according to the PCA. GB2 genotype obtained from Hungary was the better in terms of seed yield and fixed oil components among the purple and green basil genotypes used in this research.Öğe Determination of the Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of Wood Vinegar (Pyroligneous Acid) Against the Onion Bulb Rot Disease Caused by Fusarium proliferatum(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Kara, Merve; Soylu, Soner; Soylu, E. Mine; Uysal, Aysun; Kurt, Şener; Türkmen, MusaWood vinegar, also known as pyroligneous acid (PA), is a liquid mixture with organic properties that results from the condensation of smoke produced by the charring or pyrolysis of wood and its residues during processing. The aims of this study were to determine the chemical composition and antifungal activity of three different PAs obtained from the pyrolysis of apricot kernels (AKPA), hazelnut shells (HSPA), and kermes oak (OPA) against Fusarium proliferatum. As a result of GC-MS analysis, o?guaiacol (18.98–26.18%), creosol (11.08–16.38%), syringol (6.35–8.67%), p?ethylguaiacol (5.53–10.04%), o?creosol (4.0–10.33%) and phenol (2.34–7.90%) were identified as the main constituents of the tested PAs. AKPA was the most effective PA among the tested treatments, with MIC values of 3.5?µl ml?1 for mycelial growth and 1.0?µl ml?1 for conidial germination. Of the treatments tested under in vivo conditions, AKPA completely inhibited disease incidence at a concentration of 7.5?µl g?1 soil. HSPA and OPA, on the other hand, significantly suppressed disease incidence at concentrations of 10.0?µl g?1and 12.5?µl g?1 soil, respectively. All PA samples with MIC values caused significant deterioration of the morphological structures of the fungal hyphae. Since PAs showed promising antifungal activities against F. proliferatum both in vitro and in vivo, they could be used as a cost-effective natural product as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, part of Springer Nature.Öğe The effect of different drying temperatures on the essential oil content and chemical composition of Lavandula angustifolia Mill.(2024) Türkmen, Musa; Eren, Yılmaz; Maral, Hasan; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanDrying temperatures affect the content and composition of essential oils in plants containing essential oils due to the organs where essential oils are synthesized and stored. For this reason, many studies have been carried out to determine the appropriate drying temperature to obtain the highest amount and the best quality essential oil. In present study, it is aimed to determine the effects of different drying temperatures on essential oil content and components in lavender (Lavandula angustufolia Mill.). The samples dried at four different temperatures (35°C, 45°C, 55°C and 65°C) were isolated for 3 hours using Clevenger type apparatus and the obtained oils were analyzed by GC-MS. The essential oil contents obtained at 25°C, 35°C, 45°C, 55°C, and 65°C were 1.17%, 0.96%, 0.94%, 0.65%, and 0.18% respectively. It was determined that the major components of essential oils obtained at different drying temperatures were 1.8-cineole (17.88-50.15%), camphor (32.60-48.86) and borneol (3.46-9.45%). The highest 1,8-cineole ratio was found in samples dried at 55°C (50.15%) but the lowest in samples dried at 65°C (17.88%). The highest and lowest camphor ratios were determined in samples dried at 65°C (48.86%) and samples dried at 55°C (32.60%) recpectively. The highest (9.45%) borneol ratio was obtained in samples dried at 65°C, while the lowest (3.46%) ratio was obtained in samples dried at 55°C. The results obtained in the present study showed that Lavender essential oil content and composition were affected by drying temperatures and the optimum drying temperature was 35 oC.Öğe Effects of different drying methods on components of Thymbra spicata L. essential oil from flora of Hatay (Turkey)(Certex, INCDTP-ICPI, 2016) Mert, Ahmet; Türkmen, Musa; Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Ayanog?lu, Filiz; özturk, S¸evketZahter (Thymbra spicata), a perennial member of the Labiatae family is one of the most important spices in Hatay's cuisine. Its dry leaves are mixed with red pepper, sesame and ço¨kelek (a special cheese in the region) and is heavily used in su¨rk (a dish made with ço¨kelek) and pastries. This study aims to determine the effects of various drying methods on the essential oil content of thymbra spicata, a naturally growing plat in Hatay. The plant material was harvested from Hatay's flora on May 4, 2015 and dried in the shade, in an oven at 30°C. The essential oil was obtained with vapor distillation, and its contents were determined using GC/MS. The study determined that the ratio of carvacrol, the main component off Thymbra spicata essential oil changes between %51.14 and 72.54. © 2016 Certex, INCDTP-ICPI.Öğe Essential oil composition of Nepeta isaurica Boiss. Heldr. apud Bentham and Nepeta sulfuriflora P.H. Davis growing naturally in Türkiye(2023) Maral, Hasan; Çeçen, Ömer; Türkmen, MusaNepeta species are widely used in folk medicine as a diaphoretic, diuretic, antiseptic, astringent, anti-asthmatic, cough suppressant, antispasmodic, antipyretic, sedative and stomachic. This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of the essential oil of Nepeta isaurica and Nepeta sulfuriflora. It was determined that the aerial parts of the N. isaurica plant contained 0.72% essential oil, 37 compounds were identified representing 98.86% of the total oil analyzed via GC-MS. The major components of the essential oil obtained from these plants were trans-pinocarveol, ?-pinene, linalool, 1,8-cineole, ?-terpineol, ?-cadinol, spathulenol and ?-pinene. It was determined that the aerial parts of N. sulfuriflora contained 0.64% essential oil. GC-MS analysis identified 37 compounds representing 99.07% of the total oil. It has been determined that the main component of the essential oil in N. sulfuriflora is 1,8-cineol (72.05%). As a result of the study, it was concluded that N. sulfuriflora could be used as a 1,8-cineol reservoir.Öğe ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF Teucrium montbretii SUBSP. Montbretii BENTH. (LAMIACEAE)(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2022) Güzel, Yelda; Alpaslan Kaya, Durmuş; Türkmen, MusaEssential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of Teucrium montbretii subsp. montbretii Benth. (Lamiaceae) from Hatay (Turkey), were analyzed by GC/MS. Forty-four volatile components were identified in the oils, representing 98.12 % of the total oils. The sample was yielded 0.24% of yellowish oil (w/w), with a pleasant smell. The main essential oil compounds of the plant were trans-caryophyllene, germacrene-D and caryophyllene oxide, representing 66.7%. Trans- caryophyllene, which has the highest ratio (36.78%), also known as ?-caryophyllene, is a component that is the main constituent of many plants included in the sesquiterpene chemical class. Second main component germacrene-D (19.87%) is also sesquiterpene and detected in the essential oil of many plants. ?-Copaene, humulene, aromadendrene and globulol were the other components detected at ratio of 5.45%, 4.29%, 3.99% and 3.35%, representing 17.08%, respectively. © 2022 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe Farklı azot dozlarının kişniş (Coriandrum sativumL.) yaş herba uçucu yağ bileşenleri üzerine etkisi(Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, 2020) Türkmen, Musa; Mert, AhmetAmaç: Bu çalışmada, farklı azot dozlarının (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 kgda-1), Hatay koşullarında yetiştirilen kişniş (Coriandrum sativumvar. vulgare) popülasyonunda taze herba uçucu yağ bileşenleri üzerine etkinliği araştırılmıştır.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Kişniş tohumlarının (29 Ocak 2020) tarlaya ekimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Azot dozlarının yarısı ekimle birlikte, diğer yarısı ise bitkiler 5–10 cm boylandığında uygulanmıştır. 13 Nisan 2020 tarihinde bitkiler hasat edilmiştir. Taze herba örnekleri 3 saat süre ile Clevenger tipi aparat kullanılarak su buharı distilasyon ile uçucu yağları elde edilmiş ve elde edilen uçucu yağ bileşenlerine GC-MS ile bakılmıştır.Sonuçlara göre ana bileşenler; kontrol parseli ve bütün gübre dozları için; 2-Decenal, 2-Dodecanal, Decanal, Cyclodecanol, 13-Tetradecanal, Dodecanal, 1-Decanol, Undecanol, 2-Tridecenal, olarak tespit edilmiştir.Genel Yorum: Gübre dozlarının artması ile birlikte tespit edilen ana bileşenlerin oranlarının bazılarında artmalar, bazılarında azalmalar gözlemlenirken bir kısmında ise büyük bir değişim gözlemlenmemiştir.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Bu çalışma ile kişniş taze herba uçucu yağındaki etken maddeleri oluşturan bileşenlerin farklı azot dozuna tepkisi belirlenerek en uygun azot dozunun belirlenmesi sağlanmıştır. Bu yönüyle kişniş taze herba uçucu yağı bileşenlerinin antimikrobiyal çalışmalarda kullanılabilirliği, ayrıca farklı bitkilerin uçucu yağ bileşenleri üzerine azot uygulamalarının etkileri konularında yapılacak çalışmalarla da desteklenebileceği düşünülmektedir.Öğe Farklı yöntemlerle elde edilen uçucu yağ karışımlarının antifungal etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi(Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, 2015) Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanBu çalışmada, Hatay ilinde doğal olarak yetişen tıbbi bitkilerden rezene (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) ve defne (Laurus nobilis L.) bitkilerinden elde edilen uçucu yağlar ve bu yağların farklı yöntemlerle elde edilmiş karışımlarının uygun dozlarının toprak kökenli fungal hastalık etmelerinden Sclerotinia sclerotiorum'a karşı antifungal etkinlikleri in vitro koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Bitkilerden elde edilen uçucu yağların buhar fazları fungal etmenlerin misel gelişimlerini konsantrasyonlara bağlı olarak değişik oranlarda engellemiştir. L. nobilis uçucu yağı 7,50 µl'de fungustatik etki gösterirken, 15 µl'de fungusidal etki gösterdiği görülmüştür. F. vulgare uçucu yağı ise 5,0 µl konsantrasyonunda fungustatik etki gösterdiği görülürken, 7,50 µl'de fungusidal etki gösterdiği görülmüştür. Bu bitkilerin farklı yöntemlerle elde edilmiş uygun karışımlarının Sclerotinia sclerotiorum patojenine karşı etkilerine bakıldığında ise ayrı ayrı elde edilmiş defne ve rezene uçucu yağlarının uygun karışımlarından en etkili kombinasyonlarımızın 5,0 µl'de fungusidal etki gösteren E-R75D25, rezene ve defne bitkisinin birlikte destile edilmesi ile elde edilen uçucu yağ karışımında ise 3,75 µl'de fungusidal etki gösteren K-R75D25, ayrı ayrı elde edilmiş defne ve rezene uçucu yağlarının hekzan ile karıştırılarak uygun karışımlarının elde edilmesiyle oluşan kombinasyonda ise 3,75 µl'de fungusidal etki gösteren H-R75D25 karışımımızın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bitki uçucu yağ ve ana bileşenlerin göstermiş olduğu antimikrobiyal etkinlikler, bu tür doğal bileşiklerin ekonomik öneme sahip bitkilerin fungal hastalık etmenlerine karşı kimyasal mücadeleye alternatif yeni mücadele yöntemleri olarak kullanılabilme potansiyellerine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.Öğe Getting essential oil mixtures by different methods and determination of their compositions(2021) Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanObjective: The aim of the study is to determine the enhancement of the essential oil potential and find a more effective method with fewer substances.Materials and Methods: For this purpose, Laurel and fennel essential oils obtained by the method of hydrodistillation in clevenger and their mixtures obtained by 2 different methods (Mix 1: separately obtained and mixed in appropriate proportions and Mix 2: obtained by placing together in the same glass flask) analyzed by Gc/Ms.Results: When the main components of the Mix-1 mixture are examined, the main components of R3/4D1/4, R1/2D1/2 and R1/4D3/4 combinations are trans-anethhole (54.53%, 32.47% and 17.46%, respectively) and 1.8- cineol (18.16%, 33.11% and 39.37%, respectively). In the second method (Mix-2), the main components of essential oils were examined. The main components of R3/4D1/4, R1/2D1/2 and R1/4D3/4 were trans-anethhol (64.83%, 46.23% and 24.93%, respectively) and 1,8-cineol (11.47%, respectively, respectively). 23.97% and 37.67%).Conclusion: As a result, it is clear that with essential oil blends, the components do not differ, while the proportions of the components do.Öğe Obtaining and characterization of some emulsions based on collagen hydrolysate and natural extracts with a potential anticellulitic action(Politechnica University of Bucharest, 2019) D?nil?, Elena; Stan, Raluca; Enache, Adelina Elena; Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Kaya, M?d?lina Albu; Serafim, AndradaThe aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate O/W emulsions based on collagen and naturals ingredients such as vegetable oils and butters, caffeine, ivy extract and pink pepper essential oil. The essential oil of pink pepper was obtained by hydrodistilation and characterized by GC-MS. The main components of this essential oil are: ?-Phelandrene 35.84%, Limonene 17.31%, ?-Pinene 1.98% (monoterpenes) and ?-Phelandrene 13.04%, o-Cymene 4.65%, ?-Cadinene 3.27%, trans-Caryophyllene3.04%, Bicyclogermacrene 2.13% (sesquiterpenes). The emulsions obtained are stable and the pH values of emulsions correspond to the natural pH of the skin, indicating that emulsions can be safely applied to the skin. Results from the optical microscopy analysis show that emulsions have a creamy and foam "like” appearance. All the emulsions present adequate rheological properties. Further microbiological tests and other analysis are necessary for the obtained emulsions. © 2019, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All Rights Reserved.Öğe Uçucu yağ mikroemülsiyonlarının beyaz küf hastalığı etmeni sclerotinia sclerotiorum'a karşı in vitro ve in vivo antifungal etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi(Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, 2019) Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanBu çalışmada, rezene (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), defne (Laurus nobilis L.) ve mersin (Myrtus communis L.) gibi farklı tıbbi bitki türlerinden elde edilen uçucu yağların, karışımlarının ve bunların mikroemülsiyon (µE) formlarının fungal beyaz küf ve kök çürüklüğü hastalığı etmeni Sclerotinia sclerotiorum'a karşı antifungal değme etkinlikleri in vitro ve in vivo koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Uçucu yağlar ve bu uçucu yağlardan elde edilen karışımların değme etkilerinin misel gelişimi üzerine antifungal etkinlikleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, uçucu yağlar konsantrasyonlarındaki artışa paralel olarak misel gelişimini artan oranlarda engellediği belirlenmiştir. İn vitro antifungal aktivite sonuçlarına göre, rezene uçucu yağları, defne ve mersin bitkilerinden elde edilen uçucu yağlara kıyasla daha yüksek antifungal etki göstermiştir. S. sclerotiorum'un misel gelişimi, rezene uçucu yağının 0.3 µg/ml, defne uçucu yağının 1 µg/ml, mersin uçucu yağının ise 2 µg/ml konsantrasyonlarında tamamen engellenmiştir. Rezene (R), mersin (M) ve defne (D) bitkilerinden elde edilen uçucu yağ karışımlarının misel gelişimi üzerine etkileri incelendiğinde, R¾D¼ ve R¾M¼ karışımlarının 0.4 µg/ml'de misel gelişimini % 100 engellemek suretiyle fungisidal bir etkinlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Uçucu yağ karışımlarında rezene oranının artması, elde edilen karışımların antifungal etkinliğinin artmasına neden olmuştur. Uçucu yağlardan hazırlanan mikroemülsiyonların antifungal etkinlikleri incelendiğinde, rezene uçucu yağından elde edilen mikroemülsiyon defne ve mersin mikroemülsiyonlarına kıyasla daha etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Rezene uçucu yağ mikroemülsiyonları arasından ise en etkili konsantrasyonun 8.6 µg/ml ile µE-10 olduğu gözlenmiştir. Karışımlara ait mikroemülsiyonlar, in vivo antifungal etkinlikleri bakımından incelendiğinde, R¾D¼ karışımından hazırlanmış µE-10 ile R¾M¼ karışımından hazırlanmış µE-8 diğer mikroemülsiyonlara kıyasla antifungal etkinliklerinin daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada elde edilen verilere göre; belirlenen mikroemülsiyon formülasyonlarının fungal beyaz küf ve kök çürüklüğü hastalığı etmeni Sclerotinia sclerotiorum'a karşı kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Variation of components in laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) fixed oil extracted by different methods(2021) Türkmen, Musa; Koçer, OğuzhanIn the study, it was aimed to determine the constituents of laurel fixed oil obtained from the different genotypes of laurel (Laurus nobilis L.), which is one of the natural plants of the region and which is widely found in the flora of Hatay, by traditional, cold press and soxhlet extraction methods. When the GC/MS analysis results of these obtained oils were examined, the main components of the fixed oils in the traditional method were found as capric acid (2.49%), lauric acid (1.17%), myristic acid (0.16%), palmitic acid (13.69%), stearic acid (2.39%). ), oleic acid(55.01%), linoleic acid (10.56%) and linolenic acid(0.11%). In cold press method, fixed oil components wascapric acid (0.24%), lauric acid(9.24%), myristic acid(0.98%), palmitic acid (18.41%), stearic acid (2.84%), oleic acid (38.59%), linoleic acid (23.67%) and linolenic acid (2.19%), while it was determined as capric acid (0.46%), lauric acid (11.16%), myristic acid (1.54%), palmitic acid (18.39%), stearic acid (3.58%), oleic acid (36.92%), linoleic acid (23.02%) and linolenic acid (2.54%) in soxhlet extraction method. As a result, while the components of laurel fixed oil did not change according to the fixed oil extraction methods, the amounts of these components changed. Therefore, it was determined that the method of oil extraction in laurel was important.Öğe The variation of essential oil and carvacrol contents of native grown thymbra spicata var. Spicata L.(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2020) Mavi, Kazim; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Türkmen, Musa; Ayanoğlu, FilizIn the study, it is aimed to create breeding lines of thyme (Thymbra spicata L.), which is important both culturally and economically, by selecting a single plant among the plants grown in different regions in Hatay. For this purpose, a genetic pool was created for Thymbra spicata L. plant in the plant samples taken from the locations where the plants are densely grown, and these plants were examined in terms of leaf characteristics, number of oil glands per unit area, oil gud size and essential oil components. Plants were propagated and preserved with cuttings taken from these single plants. In this study, which includes the pre-selection stage, 213 plants from 68 different locations were determined in the province of Hatay. The essential oil ratios of the plants varied between 0.70% and 3.90% and showed a wide variation. The rate of carvacrol, which is the main component of the essential oil of the thyme plant, was between 28.12% and 78.48%. Plants with code number Z14, Z3, Z25, Z38, Z77, Z104, Z35 and Z43 with an essential oil ratio of 3.5% and above and plants with code number Z167, Z165 and Z64 with a high carvacrol ratio were selected to be used in future breeding studies. © 2020 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe VARIATIONS IN ESSENTIAL OIL MAIN COMPONENTS OF NATIVE GROWN Salvia aramiensis RECH FIL. GENOTYPES DEPENDING ON YEARS(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2022) Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Ayanoğlu, FilizThe essential oils and components of sage, which is mostly consumed as a tea and spice plant, have different uses in the field of medicine and cosmetics. The high camphor and thujone contained in many sage species limit the use of the plant as tea and spice in the food sector due to its toxic and carcinogenic effects. In such cases, which directly concern human health, new species and varieties containing low camphor and thujone should be introduced to the market, and the consumer should be provided with safe food. Studies in the Salvia aramiensis species revealed that the camphor rate in this plant is very low and there is no thujone. Antakya sage (Salvia aramiensis Rech. fil.,), which is only found in the flora of Hatay in Türkiye, is important for the herbal tea market due to its chemical content. For this reason, this study was carried out in seventy-nine genotypes growing naturally in different locations for two consecutive years, in order to reveal the variation of essential oil compositions of S. aramiensis genotypes. In general terms, it was determined that the ratio of essential oil components of genotypes did not change much over the years. In the study, first- and second-year cineole averages of the genotypes were found as 44.40% and 45.69%, camphor averages 12.74% and 12.58%, ?-pinene averages 4.70% and 5.07%, borneol averages 6.53% and 6.22%, respectively. © 2022 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.
