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    Protective effect-of melatonin against formaldehyde-induced kidney damage in rats
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2007) Zararsiz, I.; Sarsilmaz, M.; Tas, U.; Kus, I.; Meydan, S.; Ozan, E.
    This study was undertaken to investigate the protective effects of melatonin against formaldehyde-induced renal damage in rats. For this purpose, 21 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The animals in Group I were used as a control, whereas the rats in group II were injected every other day with formaldehyde. The rats in group III received melatonin daily while exposed to formaldehyde. At the end of the 14-day experimental period, all rats were killed by decapitation, and the kidneys were removed. Some of the renal tissue specimens were used for determination of superoxide dismutase, glutatione peroxidase enzyme activities, and malondialdehyde levels. The remaining kidney tissue specimens were used for light microscopic evaluation. The renal tissue activities of superoxide dismutase and glutatione peroxidase were significantly decreased, and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in rats treated with formaldehyde compared with those of the control animals. In the light microscopic evaluation of this group, degenerative glomerules, vacuolization and dilatation of distal tubules, and vascular congestion were detected. However, an increase was observed in activities of superoxide dismutase and glutatione peroxidase enzymes, and a decrease of malondialdehyde levels in animals treated with formaldehyde plus melatonin was observed. Furthermore, the histopathological changes caused by formaldehyde were disappeared except for minimal tubular dilatation in this group. In conclusion, the biochemical and histological findings of our study suggest that melatonin administration prevents formaldehyde-induced oxidative renal damage in rats.
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    The protective effects of omega-3 fatty acid against toluene-induced neurotoxicity in prefrontal cortex of rats
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2012) Meydan, S.; Altas, M.; Nacar, A.; Ozturk, O. H.; Tas, U.; Zararsiz, I.; Sarsilmaz, M.
    Objective: Toluene is used as an organic solvent, and it has neurotoxic effects. Omega-3 is an essential fatty acid required for brain development. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of omega-3 fatty acid against toluene-induced neurotoxicity in prefrontal cortex of rats. Materials and methods: A total of 21 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups with seven rats in each group. Rats in group I were the controls. Toluene was intraperitoneally injected into the rats of group II with a dose of 0.5 ml/kg. Rats in group III received omega-3 fatty acid with a dose of 0.4 g/kg/day while exposed to toluene. After 14 days, all the rats were killed by decapitation. Enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) were spectrophotometrically studied in the prefrontal cortex of rats. Results: Enzymatic activities of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased, and MDA levels were significantly increased in rats treated with toluene compared with the controls. However, the increased SOD and decreased GSH-Px enzymatic activities and MDA levels were detected in the rats administered with omega-3 fatty acid while exposed to toluene. Conclusion: The results of this experimental study indicate that omega-3 fatty acid treatment can prevent toluene-induced neuronal damage in the prefrontal cortex of rats.