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Öğe Dry matter remobilization from different plant parts of six durum wheat genotypes under water-restricted conditions and its compensatory effects on grain yield(Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Tiryakioglu, MuratThe current research aimed to determine the contribution of dry matter (DM) stored in different plant parts to grain growth and the ability of this dry matter to compensate for the effects of the decrease in grain yield under water restrictions that occur during the post-anthesis period. This research was carried out under field conditions for 2 years in the Hatay province of Turkiye (36 degrees 15MODIFIER LETTER PRIME N, 36 degrees 13MODIFIER LETTER PRIME E). These cultivars were sown on 27 November in the first year and 10 December in the second year. Cultivars were sown into 6.0 x 1.2 m subplots with a row spacing of 0.20 m. The seeding density was 450 seeds m-2 in both experiments. Experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block with a split-plot arrangement with four replicates of treatments as the main plots and cultivars as the subplots. Six durum wheat cultivars were evaluated under two irrigation regimes: irrigation until physiological maturity (I1) and irrigation until anthesis (I2). Remobilization of total DM was significantly greater under I2 (1374 mg main stem-1) than that under I1 (1124 mg main stem-1). The largest share of DM remobilization in both irrigation regimes belonged to the pre-anthesis reserves. The compensatory effect of pre-anthesis DM reserves was also different in varieties. The highest value was found in the Zenit and the lowest in the Harran-95 and Amanos-97 cultivars. Because of the significant differences between the genotypes in terms of compensatory effects, it should be necessary to consider the ability to compensate for such ecological conditions and this can be an important selection feature in inbreeding.Öğe The Effect of Some Soil Conditioners on Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Soybean (Glycine max L.) Grown Under Water Stress Conditions(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2024) Sahin, Cenk Burak; Akcali, Cem Tufan; Tiryakioglu, MuratIn this study, the effects of some soil conditioners (zeolite, hydrogel, peat) on the yield, yield components, and water use efficiency (WUE) of soybean (Glycine max L.) were investigated in two different irrigation regimes. The study was handled in a polycarbonate-greenhouse located in Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, T & uuml;rkiye, according to a completely randomized factorial design with three replications using the Agroyal variety of soybean as plant material. In a control group, three doses of hydrogel (40, 80, 120 kg ha(-1)), zeolite (500, 1000, 1500 kg ha(-1)), and peat (500, 1000, 1500 kg ha(-1)) were used as treatments under two irrigation regimes as I1 (irrigation made when the water fell up to %10 of the field capacity) and I2 (irrigation made when the water fell up to %50 of the field capacity). It was observed that some doses of the soil conditioners have a positive effect on the examined parameters. However, deficit irrigation decreased or inhibited the positive effect of soil conditioners. According to the results, zeolite application gave the most beneficial results under both two-irrigation management.Öğe EFFECTS OF ZINC AND POTASSIUM NUTRITION ON SALINITY STRESS IN DIFFERENT WHEAT GENOTYPES: GROWTH AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2013) Karanlik, Sema; Tiryakioglu, Murat; Agca, NecatTo evaluate the role of zinc (Zn) and potassium (K) in alleviating the detrimental effects of salinity, two bread wheat (Triticumaestivum L.; Dagdas and ES-14) and two durum wheat (Triticum durum L.;Kunduru-1149 and Selcuklu-97)genotypes were grown in nutrient solution having different Zn (2x10(-8) M and 10(-6) M) and K levels (100 mu M and 2 mM), under controlled conditions. After 7 days, nutrient solution was salinized by three NaCl levels (0, 75 and 150 mM). Plants were harvested at the 15th day of growth. Increasing NaCl levels decreased dry matter production; these decreases were greater under Zn and K deficient conditions. Sodium concentrations of shoots and roots were increased with increasing NaCl levels while dry matter production, K, Ca and Zn concentrations, as well as K/Na and Ca/Na ratios were decreased. Supplemental Zn and/or K treatments increased the dry matter production and lowered the Na concentrations, especially at the highest NaCl level. Supplemental Zn led to decreases in IgNa ratios at 0 and 75 mM NaCl but to an increase in K/Na ratio at 150 mM NaCl level in the shoots. Supplemental K, both alone or in combination with Zn, increased the K concentration and K/Na ratio. In general, calcium concentrations of plants were decreased by Zn and/or K supplements at all salinity levels. Zinc concentrations were increased with the supplemental Zn but slightly decreased with supplemental K alone. Although the decreasing rates in dry matter production because of NaCl were more severe in durum than bread wheat genotypes, increases in dry matter production by supplemental Zn and K were higher in durum than bread wheat genotypes. The results showed that supplemental Zn and/or K enhanced salt tolerance in wheat genotypes which was ascribed to decreased Na and increased K concentrations with a resultant improvement in K/Na ratio.Öğe EFFECTS OF ZN AND K NUTRITIONAL STATUS ON PROTEIN CONTENT, LIPID PEROXIDATION AND ANTIOXIDATIVE ENZYME ACTIVITIES UNDER THE SALINITY STRESS IN DIFFERENT WHEAT GENOTYPES(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2014) Karanlik, Sema; Tiryakioglu, Murat; Ergun, NurayA solution culture experiment was conducted with different zinc (Zn) (2x10(-8) M and 10(-6) M) and potassium (K) (100 mu M and 2 mM) level using two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Dagdas and ES-14 and two durum wheat (Triticum durum L.), Kunduru-1149 and Selcuklu-97 genotypes. After 7 days, nutrient solution was salinized by two NaCl levels (0 and 150 mM NaCl) and the effect of Zn and K supplements on protein content, lipid peroxidation (LPX) level, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) activities were evaluated on the 8th day after salinization. Salinity stress led to significant increases in LPX and decreases in protein content. Salinity-induced levels of LPX were significantly reduced by Zn and K supplements and especially by Zn-K supplement in combine. This effect was more significant in durum wheat genotypes. Zinc and K supplements either alone or together elevated the protein content of plants; however this effect was more significant under Zn supplements and in durum wheat genotypes. It was found that, salinity stress significantly enhanced the activities of APX and CAT. Under salinity stress, Zn deficiency significantly stimulated activities of APX and CAT however, such an effect was not found with K. Results showed that detrimental effects of salinity stress in plants could be mitigated with K and Zn supplements by limiting the lipid peroxidation and protein degradation.Öğe Macronutrient concentration and remobilization in spring wheat organs during grain filling(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2014) Tiryakioglu, Murat; Yildirim, Mehmet; Karanlik, SemaThis study was conducted with 4 bread wheat genotypes to determine the macronutrient content in different plant organs during the grain filling period. Macronutrient contents such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were determined in lower stems, peduncles, lower leaves, flag leaves, rachises, florets, and grains. High genotype effects were found for all macronutrients and plant organs. N, P, K, and Mg decreased during grain filling in all plant parts except the grain. The rate of decrease varied depending on plant organs and nutrients. Grain nutrient concentration, except nitrogen content, increased up to physiological maturity. In contrast to the other nutrients, Ca content increased or remained stable depending on the plant organs. The macronutrient remobilization order from plant organs to grain was Mg < P < N < K <= Ca, and all nutrients were accepted as removable at grain development stages. Remobilization models of macronutrients in grains can be valuable for detecting high-capacity plants for nutrient accumulation in stressful environments. Relationships among macronutrients and their relationships with plant organs can be used, by way of indirect selection, in wheat breeding efforts.Öğe Micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn) concentration and remobilization in spring wheat organs during grain filling(Gaurav Publications, 2013) Tiryakioglu, Murat; Yildirim, Mehmet; Karanlik, Sema; Ergun, NurayThe trials were conducted during 2008-09 and 2009-10 wheat growing seasons. Four wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown in field conditions to study Fe, Mn and Zn content in different plant organs during the grain-filling period. Micronutrient contents of plant organs including lower stems, peduncle, lower leaves, flag leaf, rachis, florets and grain were measured at four stages between anthesis and physiological maturity. Analysis of variance showed high genotype and measurement stage effects for all plant organs. Fe contents in stems declined during grain filling, whereas it increased for rachis, florets and grain, and remained constant in leaves. Mn content of plant parts stayed generally constant until grain maturity, except in stems. Zn sharply decreased during grain filling for all plant parts, except grain. The micronutrients remobilization order from plant organs to grain was ZnÖğe Possible heat-tolerant wheat cultivar improvement through the use of flag leaf gas exchange traits in a Mediterranean environment(Wiley, 2008) Koc, Muejde; Barutcular, Celaleddin; Tiryakioglu, MuratBACKGROUND: Flag leaf traits arc associated with performance of wheat (Ttiticum aestivum L.) genotypes in heat-stress environments. Fifteen cultivars were evaluated during 3 years with two sowing dates under irrigated conditions so as to examine the relationship between the flag leaf traits and performance in a Mediterranean environment. RESULTS: It became possible to assess a heat susceptibility index (HSI) for each cultivar by altering the sowing date, exposing the crops to different temperatures. The cultivars showed significant differences for all measured traits except canopy temperatures and chlorophyll fluorescence, though not all were consistent. Excluding two cultivars that differed in development, yield, grain number, harvest index and leaf A(n) (net CO2 assimilation rate), g(s) (stomatal conductance to water vapor), m(c) (apparent mesophyll conductance of CO2) and ash content were negatively associated with HSI, whereas leaf area and width were positively associated. Traits showing the best correlation with HSI were A(n), followed by area, g(s), m(c), width and ash content. High A(n) was associated with smaller leaf size. CONCLUSION: It is worthwhile to select high car grain number and harvest index. In addition, flag leaf gas exchange traits and ash content can be used as complementary selection criteria after the possible pleiotropic associations of these traits with leaf size are clarified. (c) 2008 Society of Chemical Industry.
