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    Chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essential oil of Artemisia annua L. against foliar and soil-borne fungal pathogens
    (Eugen Ulmer Gmbh Co, 2005) Soylu, EM; Yigitbas, H; Tok, FM; Soylu, S; Kurt, S; Baysal, Ö; Kaya, AD
    The chemical composition of the essential oil of Artemisia annua L. was determined by GC/MS analysis. Among the thirty-seven constituents found, camphor (31.7 %), artemisia ketone (22.3 %), 1,8-cincole (10.1 %), caryophyllene oxide (7.1 %), alpha-copaene (3.4 %) and camphene (3-3 %) were the major components. The in vitro antifungal activity of the essential oil was evaluated against economically important foliar and soil-borne fungal pathogens of tomato, including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, Phytophthora infestans and Verticillium dahliae. Both contact and volatile phase effects of different concentrations of the essential oil were determined by using two different methods. Amongst the fungal isolate, S. sclerotiorum was found to be highly sensitive to volatile and contact phase of the essential oil. Minimum fungicidal concentrations of the volatile phase of the essential oil for S. sclerotiorum, B. cinerea, P. infestans and V. dahliae were 1.6, 2.4, 2.4 and 4.4 mu g/ml air, respectively. The essential oil in the contact phase showed minimum fungicidal concentration ranging from 6.4 mu g/ ml to 51.2 mu g/ml. Volatile and contact phase of the essential oils, at 2.4 and 51.2 mu g/ml concentrations, were found to completely inhibit the conidial germination and germ tube elongation of both fungal pathogen tested.
  • Küçük Resim
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    First report of alternaria leaf blight caused by Alternaria dauci on carrot in Turkey
    (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2005) Soylu, S; Kurt, S; Soylu, EM; Tok, FM
    [Abstract Not Available]
  • Küçük Resim
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    First report of crater rot caused by Rhizoctonia carotae on carrots (Daucus carota) in Turkey
    (Wiley, 2005) Kurt, S; Soylu, EM; Soylu, S; Tok, FM
    [Abstract Not Available]
  • Küçük Resim
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    First report of powdery mildew caused by Leveillula taurica on leek (Allium porrum) in Turkey
    (Wiley, 2004) Kurt, S; Soylu, S; Soylu, EM; Tok, FM
    [Abstract Not Available]
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Influence of inoculum concentration, leaf age, temperature, and duration of leaf wetness on Septoria blight of parsley
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2006) Kurt, S; Tok, FM
    The effect of inoculum concentration, leaf age, temperature, leaf wetness duration on Septoria petroselini infection and the development of Septoria blight of parsley were studied in, controlled environment conditions. The mean number of lesions cm(-2) of brush-inoculated leaf surface increased 72.4% with increasing inoculum concentration from 10(4) to 2 x 10(6) conidia ml(-1). As, leaves of parsley plants matured, they became more susceptible to S. petroselini infection. A nonlinear relationship was found between inoculum concentration and lesion area for young and older leaves. An inoculum concentration of 10(6) conidia ml(-1) of S. petroselini seems, to be required for disease development. Parsley plants were sprayed, inoculated with conidial suspensions of S. petroselini, exposed to leaf wetness durations of 0, 12, 24, 48, 60, and 72 h, then blight was allowed to develop for 3 weeks at 15, 17, 20, 23, 27, and 32 degrees C. Septoria blight developed at all temperatures tested. The mean lesion number increased in parsley plants as wetness duration increased at 20 and 23 degrees C, whereas disease development decreased in parsley leaves as wetness duration increased at temperatures of 15, 17, 27, and 32 degrees C. The optimum temperatures for lesion development were 20 and 23 degrees C. At those temperatures, the optimum leaf wetness duration was 72 h. Leaf wetness duration did not contribute to an increase in disease severity at 15, 17, 27, and 32 degrees C. Leaf area covered by pycnidia apparently increased in treatments at temperatures between 17 and 23 degrees C during the wetness period of 48 h. Low levels of Septoria blight on parsley develop across a wide temperature range. Leaf wetness duration significantly increases disease severity, but only at optimal temperatures. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Inheritance of resistance to Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
    (Blackwell Verlag Gmbh, 2005) Mert, M; Kurt, S; Gencer, O; Akiscan, Y; Boyaci, K; Tok, FM
    Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a major constraint to cotton production in almost all countries where cotton is cultivated. Developing new cotton cultivars resistant to Verticillium wilt is the most effective and feasible way to combat the problem. Little is known about the inheritance of resistance to Verticillium wilt of cotton, especially that caused by the defoliating (D) and nondefoliating (ND) pathotypes of the soil-borne fungus V. dahliae. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of resistance in cotton against both pathotypes of V. dahliae. Crosses were made between the susceptible parent 'Cukurova 1518' and each of four resistant parents PAUM 401, PAUM 403, PAUM 405 and PAUM 406 to produce F-2 generations in 2002 and F-2:3 families in 2003. Disease responses of parent and progeny populations to the D and ND pathotypes were scored based on a scale of 0-4 (0, resistant; 4, susceptible). F-2 populations inoculated with the D pathotype showed a 3 : 1 (resistant : susceptible) plant segregation ratio. Tests of F-2:3 families confirmed that resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene. In contrast, analysis of data from F-2- and F-2-derived F-3 families suggested that resistance to the ND pathotype is controlled by dominant alleles at two loci.