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    Chemical composition, antioxidant activities and total phenolic content of Arbutus andrachne L. (Fam. Ericaceae) (the Greek strawberry tree) fruits from Turkey
    (Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2010) Serce, Sedat; Ozgen, Mustafa; Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Ercisli, Sezai
    Arbutus andrachne L and A. unedo L are two members of the Ericaceae family. The species are distributed in coastal parts of Anatolia and have edible fruits. We determined several characteristics of eight A. andrachne accessions collected from different parts of the Mediterranean regions of Anatolia. A. unedo is also represented with a sample. Notable differences were found among A. andrachne accessions. On average, the fruit width and length were 12.3 and 10.8 mm, respectively. All of the element concentrations that were tested varied considerably. The average of the total organic acids was 0.47 g/100 g fruit. Among the organic acids measured, malic acid had the highest content (0.34 g/100 g fruit) followed by ascorbic (0.10 g/100 g fruit) and citric acids (0.03 g/100 g fruit). The average for total sugars of the A. andrachne accessions was 16.38 g/100 g fruit. Fructose was the main sugar (average of 9.75 g/100 g fruit) followed by glucose (5.33 g/100 g fruit) and sucrose (1.19 g/100 g fruit). Among the A. andrachne accessions tested, the total phenolics ranged from 2422 to 4102 mu g gallic acid/g fresh weight (fw) with an average of 3343 mu g gallic acid equiv. g/fw. Antioxidant activities, determined by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) and FRAP (Ferric reducing ability of plasma), reached up to 36.1 and 29.5 mu mol Trolox equiv. (TE) g/fresh weight, respectively. It can thus be concluded that A. andrachne is a good source of phenols and antioxidants. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Chemical composition, antioxidant activities and total phenolic content of Arbutus andrachne L. (Fam. Ericaceae) (the Greek strawberry tree) fruits from Turkey (vol 23, pg 619, 2010)
    (Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2012) Serce, Sedat; Ozgen, Mustafa; Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Ercisli, Sezai
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Distribution of heavy metals in plant and media samples from a volcanic region in Hatay, Turkey
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2008) Demirkeser, Turan Hakan; Ozgen, Senay; Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Erdem, Halil; Gunduz, Kazim; Durgac, Coskun; Serce, Sedat
    There is a volcanic area in Hatay, Turkey with currently limited agricultural activities; however, its ecological properties make it a plausible choice for protected fruit and vegetable production. The different soil properties of the area might be useful for plant growing in the future. In this study, we determined selected plant nutrients and heavy metal concentrations of eight soil and rock types from the realon. along with those of ten different species of fruits and vegetables representing the region's flora and agricultural activities. We found significant differences in all the micronutrients and heavy metal concentrations among the media samples. Overall, the highest concentrations were recovered from growing media. For example, one medium had the highest concentrations of Cu, Cd and Zn. Similarly, the plant samples had significant differences in micronutrients and heavy metal concentrations. Almond leaf samples were in the highest mean groups for Mg, Na, Fe, Al and Cr, while cucumber had the highest values for Zn and Ni. The highest Pb levels were recovered from uncultivated olive. Comparisons of our results to those of others in the related literature indicated that only two of our results were above the accepted levels: the almond Fe and holy oak B concentrations. In conclusion, our samples from the volcanic area in Hatay were not dangerously contaminated with heavy metals, and utilization of this area for agricultural purposes poses no apparent threat.
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    In vitro screening of octoploid Fragaria chiloensis and ragaria virginiana genotypes against iron deficiency
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2014) Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Kacar, Yildiz Aka; Bicen, Belgin; Erdem, Nazife; Serce, Sedat
    Iron (Fe) deficiency is one of the common problems in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) growing regions. In vitro screening enables researchers to evaluate genotype performance under several concentrations of Fe in a relatively fast and economical way. Therefore, we evaluated the responses of several genotypes belonging to octoploid Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Mill. and Fragaria virginiana Mill. (the progenitors of cultivated strawberry) against Fe treatments under in vitro conditions. In the first experiment, HM 1, Pigeon Point, CFRA1267 (F. chiloensis subsp. pacifica), and CA1541 (F. chiloensis subsp. chiloensis) were tested with various Fe concentrations (0%, 10%, 15%, 25%, 50%, 65%, 80%, and 100%, where 100% = 27.8 mg L-1 FeSO4.7H(2)O). Different Fe concentration treatments resulted in differences in plant height, fresh and dry weight, as well as macro- and microelement concentrations among the tested genotypes. In the second experiment, 16 octoploid Fragaria genotypes were tested with 4 Fe concentration treatments (0%, 10%, 50%, and 100%, where 100% = 27.8 mg L-1 FeSO4.7H(2)O). Iron concentration and genotype interactions were significant for all studied characteristics except sulfur (S) and manganese (Mn) concentrations, and the 16 genotypes responded differentially to varying Fe treatments. The results of these experiments indicated that F. chiloensis and F. virginiana genotypes exhibited considerable variation under different Fe treatments in vitro, and the more resistant genotypes could be utilized to develop new strawberry cultivars with tolerance to low Fe concentrations.
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    Screening of Wild Strawberry Genotypes against Iron Deficiency under Greenhouse Conditions
    (Univ Agr Sci & Veterinary Med Cluj-Napoca, 2013) Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Erdem, Nazife; Aka Kacar, Yildiz; Serce, Sedar
    The cultivated strawberry Fragaria x ananassa Duch. is the natural hybrid of F chiloensis (L.) Mill. and F. virginiana Mill. The progenitor species have high genetic diversity compared with the cultivated genotypes; therefore, the use of wild relative in F. chiloensis breeding could provide a good for broadening the available genetic variations of cultivated species. In present study, 13 genotypes selected from strawberry super core collection were tested under Fe (-) and Fe (+) conditions for their response against Fe deficiency conditions in a growth medium (GM) (soil + sand + perlite), potentially able to simulate the actual GM in nature. SPAD-meter readings indicating chlorophyll levels of the leaf, shoot dry matter yield, Fe-efficiency rate, shoot total and active Fe concentrations were determined to evaluate the resistance levels of strawberry genotypes against Fe deficiency. Results of this study indicated that different response for strawberry subspecies and genotypes of the same subspecies grown in GM against Fe deficiency. Symptom for Fe deficiency of genotypes varied between 1-5, SPAD-meter readings 3, shoot dry matter yields and shoot Fe concentrations varied between 6.5-38, 1.02-6.06 g plant(-1) and 41.8-233.1 mg kg(-1) respectively. Iron-efficiencies of genotypes were found between 58-98%. Strawberry subspecies, E virginiana spp. glauca, F. chiloensis ssp. chiloensis and F. chiloensis ssp. pacifica showed Fe-efficiency values of 93 8, 79.5 and 79.1% respectively. We concluded that shoot growth performance, Fe intake from GM, transfer of Fe from roots to shoots, shoot Fe-use efficiency, Fe deficiency symptom levels and SPAD-meter readings indicating chlorophyll levels were significant parameters to evaluate the resistance of strawberry genotypes against Fe deficiency. The most Fe-efficient genotypes belonging to F. virginiana spp.glauca could be used in breeding programs aiming at developing new strawberry genotypes suitable for growing under Fe deficient conditions.
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    Screening of wild strawberry genotypes against iron deficiency under greenhouse conditions
    (Academic Press, 2013) Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Erdem, Nazife; Aka Kaçar, Yildiz; Serçe, Sedat
    The cultivated strawberry Fragaria × ananassa Duch. is the natural hybrid of F. chiloensis (L.) Mill. and F. virginiana Mill. The progenitor species have high genetic diversity compared with the cultivated genotypes; therefore, the use of wild relative in F. chiloensis breeding could provide a good for broadening the available genetic variations of cultivated species. In present study, 13 genotypes selected from strawberry super core collection were tested under Fe (-) and Fe (+) conditions for their response against Fe deficiency conditions in a growth medium (GM) (soil + sand + perlite), potentially able to simulate the actual GM in nature. SPAD-meter readings indicating chlorophyll levels of the leaf, shoot dry matter yield, Fe-efficiency rate, shoot total and active Fe concentrations were determined to evaluate the resistance levels of strawberry genotypes against Fe deficiency. Results of this study indicated that different response for strawberry subspecies and genotypes of the same subspecies grown in GM against Fe deficiency. Symptom for Fe deficiency of genotypes varied between 1-5, SPAD-meter readings 3, shoot dry matter yields and shoot Fe concentrations varied between 6.5-38, 1.02-6.06 g plant-1 and 41.8-233.1 mg kg-1 respectively. Iron-efficiencies of genotypes were found between 58-98%. Strawberry subspecies, F. virginiana spp. glauca, F. chiloensis ssp. chiloensis and F. chiloensis ssp. pacifica showed Fe-efficiency values of 93.8, 79.5 and 79.1% respectively. We concluded that shoot growth performance, Fe intake from GM, transfer of Fe from roots to shoots, shoot Fe-use efficiency, Fe deficiency symptom levels and SPAD-meter readings indicating chlorophyll levels were significant parameters to evaluate the resistance of strawberry genotypes against Fe deficiency. The most Fe-efficient genotypes belonging to F. virginiana spp. glauca could be used in breeding programs aiming at developing new strawberry genotypes suitable for growing under Fe deficient conditions.