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    Identification of Pomegranate as a New Host of Passiflora Edulis Symptomless Virus (PeSV) and Analysis of PeSV Diversity
    (Mdpi, 2020) Caglayan, Kadriye; Gazel, Mona; Roumi, Vahid; Kocabag, Hamide Deniz; Tunc, Bahar; Reynard, Jean Sebastien; Ruiz-Garcia, Ana Belen
    Pomegranate is an important crop in the Mediterranean Basin that can be affected by a range of pathogens. With the aim to better understand the impact of viral diseases on pomegranate, two leaf samples from Turkey showing virus-like symptoms such as chlorotic spots and oak-leaf patterns were subjected to high throughput sequencing (HTS). Data analysis indicated the presence of passiflora edulis symptomless virus (PeSV: genus Roymovirus, Potyviridae family) in these two pomegranate samples, consistent with the observation by electron microscopy of flexuous filamentous viral particles 760 to 780 nm long. Further analysis of HTS reads revealed the presence of five PeSV variants in one of the samples and another single variant in the other. PeSV occurrence was also identified from publicly available SRA pomegranate RNA-Seq transcriptomic data from India and China. The genome of these PeSV-pomegranate variants share 78.0-86.8% nucleotide identity with that of the reference isolate from passionfruit (MH379332). The presence of PeSV in pomegranate was confirmed by specific RT-PCR assays targeting either the coat protein (CP) or Nla-Pro genes in 37 cultivated and one ornamental pomegranate out of 133 samples collected from the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. To our knowledge, this is the first application of HTS to assess virus occurrence in pomegranate and the first recognition of pomegranate as a new host for PeSV.
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    Incidence and genetic diversity of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) isolates in Turkey
    (Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Gazel, Mona; Tunc, Bahar; Elci, Eminur; Caglayan, Kadriye
    Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is the most important virus species within the grapevine leafroll complex. It causes significant losses to growers and vineries because of its effect on grape and wine quality. A survey was conducted in the major grape-growing provinces of Turkey in 2018 to investigate distribution and the genetic diversity of GLRaV-3 in local and foreign grapevine cultivars. The genetic diversity of GLRaV-3 isolates based on partial heat-shock protein 70 homologue (Hsp70 h), partial coat protein (CP) and partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes were determined by RT-PCR and sequencing. The infection rate of GLRaV-3 in 141 tested grapevine samples was 13.47% by DAS-ELISA and 28.36% by RT-PCR analysis. Totally, 17 amplicons from Hsp70 h, 22 isolates from RdRp and 16 isolates from CP genes were sequenced in both directions. The sequence analysis of three genes revealed that the Turkish GLRaV-3 isolates shared 91-100% nucleotide identities with the sequences of GLRaV-3 isolated deposited in the GenBank from other parts of the world without any correlation between the distribution and geographical origin.