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Öğe Effects of androstenedione, a phytoandrogen, on growth and body composition in the African catfish Clarias gariepinus(Lab Research Fish Diseases, 2005) Turan, F; Akyurt, IThe present study investigated the effects of a phytoandrogen, androstenedione, on growth, body composition, and survival in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Three concentrations (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg feed) were administered for 120 days. Survival of treated groups did not significantly differ from the control and ranged 94.44-97.78%. A significantly higher weight gain was obtained in the 50 and 75 mg/kg diets. The fish fed these diets also had significantly better food conversion and protein efficiency ratios. Apparent net protein utilization was better in treated groups than in the control. The protein and lipid contents of the carcass of treated fish were significantly higher than in the control, with the highest contents in the 50 mg/kg treatment. The highest ash content was in the 25 mg/kg treatment. In overall parameters, 50 mg androstenedione per kg diet was the optimal concentration.Öğe Effects of red clover extract on growth performance and body composition of African catfish Clarias gariepinus(Japanese Soc Fisheries Science, 2005) Turan, F; Akyurt, SThe present study was conducted to investigate the effects of the red clover extract on growth, body composition and survival of African catfish Clarias gariepinus, Three concentrations (25, 50 and 75 mg/kg) of red clover at dietary were used for 120 days. The final weights of red clover-treated groups were significantly different from each other and the control group. The best growth was observed in the group receiving the 75 mg/red clover kg diet. Fish fed with all levels of red clover had higher weight gains than the control. The highest values of the specific growth rate and the food conversion rate were 1.14 +/- 0.01 and 2.26 +/- 0.04, respectively, for the 75 mg/red clover kg diet group. During the red clover administration period, the survival ranged from 97.78% for the 50 p.p.m, group to 95.56% for the 25 and 75 p.p.m. groups. Protein contents of the dosage groups were significantly different from control (P < 0.05). The highest value of protein content (19.97%) was observed for the 75 mg/ red clover kg diet. Lipid and ash contents were significantly affected by the red clover levels in the diets. The highest lipid contents were in the 75 mg/red clover kg diet (4.67%), and the highest ash content was 1.39% for the 25 mg/red clover kg diet.Öğe Genetic and morphologic structure of Liza abu (Heckel, 1843) populations from the rivers Orontes, Euphrates and Tigris(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2004) Turan, C; Ergüden, D; Turan, F; Gürlek, MLiza abu stocks from the rivers Orontes, Euphrates and Tigris were investigated using genetic and morphometric data. Allozyme electrophoresis for genetic comparison and the truss network system for morphometric comparison were simultaneously applied to the same sample set. Highly significant morphological differences were observed between the 3 Liza abu stocks. The correct classification of individuals into their original samples for morphological characters was very high (100% of individuals). In discriminant function analyses, plotting discriminant functions revealed high isolation of the 3 stocks; the Tigris stock was very isolated from the Euphrates and Orontes stocks, and the Euphrates stock was located between the Tigris and Orontes stocks, but was closer to the Orontes stock. The pattern of phenotypic discreteness suggests a direct relationship between the extent of phenotypic divergence and geographic separation. However, genetic data do not support the detected morphometric variations. A 5 enzyme system (ICD, PGM, ME, MDH, G3PDH) composed of 6 loci was used to determine genetic comparison. All the loci were monomorphic and therefore there was no genetic divergence among the stocks.Öğe Improvement of growth performance in tilapia (Oreochromis aureus Linnaeus) by supplementation of red clover (Trifolium pratense) in diets(Society Of Israeli Aquaculture & Marine Biotechnology, 2006) Turan, FThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of red clover on growth, body composition, and survival of tilapia, Oreochromis aureus. Three concentrations of dietary red clover (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) were tested for 90 days. The growth rate was significantly better in fish fed 100 mg red clover/kg feed than in the control that contained no red clover (p < 0.01). The specific growth rate ranged from 3.79 +/- 0.10 in the 200 mg/kg red clover treatment to 4.41 +/- 0.05 in the 100 mg/kg treatment. The food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and apparent net protein utilization were significantly highest in groups fed the 100 mg red clover/kg diet (p < 0.01). Survival in groups fed red clover did not differ from that of the control. The highest protein content (19.74%) was obtained in the 100 mg/kg group and it was significantly higher than in all other groups (p < 0.05). Moisture and ash contents did not differ among treatments. Lipid content was not significantly affected by red clover dosage. The findings of the present study suggest that 100 mg red clover/kg feed improves the growth rate and feed utilization of tilapia.Öğe Morphometric comparisons of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, populations in Turkey(Inst Vertebrate Biology As Cr, 2005) Turan, C; Yalçin, S; Turan, F; Okur, E; Akyurt, IThe pattern of morphometric differentiation among six populations of Clarias gariepinus sited in the Asi, Seyhan, Ceyhan, Goksu, Aksu, and Sakarya river systems in Turkey was examined. Univariate analysis of variance revealed significant differences between means of the six samples for 18 out of 20 standardized morphometric measurements. The first canonical function accounted for 39 % and the second for 29 % of between-group variability. In principal component analysis, the first component accounted for 20 % and the second for 12 % of the shape variations among the samples. Plotting the first and second principal components showed that the observed differences were mainly from measurements taken from the head of fish, indicating this region to be important in the description of population characteristics. Visual examination of the samples along the canonical functions revealed a clear between-sample differentiation. All the samples except the Seyhan and Aksu samples were clearly distinct from each other. Sakarya and Goksu samples were mostly isolated from each other and from all other samples. The overall random assignment of individuals into their original groups was high (78%). The proportion of correctly classified individuals into their original group was highest in the Sakarya sample (93%) and high in the Goksu (89 %) and the Ceyhan (86 %) samples, indicating that these samples are highly divergent from each other.Öğe Morphometric structuring of the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L.) in the Black, Aegean and Northeastern Mediterranean seas(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2004) Turan, C; Ergüden, D; Gürlek, M; Basusta, N; Turan, FThe status of populations of anchovies in Turkish terrestrial waters was preliminarily investigated using morphometric characters with the truss network system. Samples were taken from the main fishing areas of each sea, comprising the central (Sinop) and eastern (Trabzon) Black Sea, the Aegean Sea (Izmir) and the eastern Mediterranean (Iskenderun). Plotting discriminant functions 1 and 2, explaining 93% of between-group variability, revealed a high degree of dissimilarity among the anchovy samples, indicating that the anchovies in each sea represent different aggregations. The overall random assignment of individuals into their original group was high (80%). Pairwise comparisons using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed highly significant differences between all the samples (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences with varying degrees between the means of the 4 samples for 16 out of 25 standardized morphometric measurements. Principal components analysis (PCA) indicated that the observed differences were mainly from the measurements taken from the head.Öğe Production of monosex male guppy, Poecilia reticulata, by 17?-methyltestosterone(Wiley, 2006) Turan, F; Çek, S; Atik, E[Abstract Not Available]
