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The Anaesthetic Effects of Quinaldine Sulphate, Muscle Relaxant Diazepam and Their Combination on Convict Cichlid, Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum (Gunther, 1867) Juveniles
(Medwell Online, 2010) Bircan-Yildirim, Yasemin; Genc, Ercument; Turan, Funda; Cek, Sehriban; Yanar, Mahmut
The goal of this study was to determine the safety dosage of anaesthetic Quinaldine Sulphate (QS) alone and together with a muscle relaxant, Diazepam (D) on Convict cichlid, Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum (0.54+/-0.01 g) juveniles for ornamental fish sector. The trial showed that the QS with D administration significantly increased the anaesthesia level in the Convict cichlid. The fish entered light anaesthesia at 9.75 ppm QS+0.5 ppm D (0.83+/-0.02 min). Moreover, a deep anaesthesia level was reached at 9.75 ppm QS+1 ppm D (1.20+/-0.09 min) as compared to 13 ppm of QS (6.40+/-0.28 min). When used together with QS and D eliminated the excitement and hyperactivity of the fish compared to QS alone. In addition, no mortality occurred in any anaesthesia levels except high concentrations (40-54 ppm QS). This study indicate that the advisable light and deep phases of anaesthesia for experimental treatments, handling, immobilization and transportation of the convict cichlid juveniles were achieved with dosages of 9.75 ppm QS+0.5 ppm D and 9.75 ppm QS+1 ppm D, respectively.
The anaesthetic effects of quinaldine sulphate, Muscle relaxant diazepam and their combination on convict cichlid, Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum (Günther, 1867) Juveniles
(2010) Bircan-Yildirim, Yasemin; Genc, Ercument; Turan, Funda; Sehriban, Cek; Yanar, Mahmut
The goal of this study was to determine the safety dosage of anaesthetic Quinaldine Sulphate (QS) alone and together with a muscle relaxant, Diazepam (D) on Convict cichlid, Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum (0.54±0.01 g) juveniles for ornamental fish sector. The trial showed that the QS with D administration significantly increased the anaesthesia level in the Convict cichlid. The fish entered light anaesthesia at 9.75 ppm QS±0.5 ppm D (0.83±0.02min). Moreover, a deep anaesthesia level was reached at 9.75 ppm QS±1 ppm D (1.20±0.09 min) as compared to 13 ppm of QS (6.40±0.28 min). When used together with QS and D eliminated the excitement and hyperactivity of the fish compared to QS alone. In addition, no mortality occurred in any anaesthesia levels except high concentrations (40-54 ppm QS). This study indicate that the advisable light and deep phases of anaesthesia for experimental treatments, handling, immobilization and transportation of the convict cichlid juveniles were achieved with dosages of 9.75 ppm QS±0.5 ppm D and 9.75 ppm QS±1 ppm D, respectively. © Medwell journals, 2010.
Androstenedionun karabalık’ta (Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) cinsiyet dönüşümü ve gonad gelişimi üzerine etkileri
(2011) Turan, Funda; Akyurt, İhsan
Bu çalışmada, ilk defa karabalık’ta (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822) çam poleninden elde edilen doğal steroid bir hormon olan androstenedionun cinsiyet dönüşümü üzerine olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ortalama başlangıç canlı ağırlıkları 2,80±0,07 mg olan 2 günlük C. gariepinus larvalarına immersiyon yöntemi ile farklı konsantrasyonlarda (0, 25, 50 ve 75 mg/L ) androstenedion bir ay süre ile uygulanmış ve 120 günlük süre sonunda da bu doğal hormonun cinsiyet dönüşümü üzerine olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, cinsiyet dönü-şümü bakımından androstenedionun tüm doz seviyeleri arasındaki % erkek oranları birbiriyle benzerlik göstermiş olup, başarılı bir cinsiyet dönüşümü sağlanamamıştır. Öyle ki, androstenedion ile tek cinsiyetli erkek populasyonlar üretebilme yönünden elde edilen en yük-sek erkekleşme oranı % 58 ile 50 mg/L androstenedion ihtiva eden grupta tespit edilmiş olup elde edilen bu oran ile kontrol grubu arasında istatistiksel olarak bir farklılık çıkmamıştır (P>0,05). Ayrıca bu uygulamanın yapıldığı grupların hepsinde ortalama vücut ağırlığı, gonad ağırlığı ve gonadosomatik indeks (GSI) değerleri ile kontrol grubu değerleri t-testi ile karşılaş-tırıldığında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir fark tespit edilememiştir (P>0,05). Bununla birlikte karabalıkta cinsiyet dönüşümü çalışması süresince farklı konsantrasyonlarda hormon uygula-masının yaşama oranı üzerine etkileri incelendiğinde; olumsuz bir etki meydana getirmediği açık bir şekilde görülmüştür.
Competitive biosorption of different forms of lead [Pb(NO3)2 and Pb(CH3COO)2] on growth, biomass and proline in Spirulina platensis (Cyanophyta)
(Academic Journals, 2011) Sayin, Selin; Yilmaz, Ayse Bahar; Ergun, Nuray; Turan, Funda
Spirulina platensis growth parameters [chlorophyll a (chl a) and dry-wet weight] effects on proline content, lead accumulation and the combined effect of the different forms of lead [Pb (NO3)(2), Pb (CH3COO)(2)] and pH (6 to 8) were investigated for 192 h. The accumulation and form of lead were determined to be effective on growth parameters. While the highest chl a value (562.37 mu gl(-1)) and lead accumulation (58.74 mu gg(-1)) were found in medium with 30 mgl(-1) Pb (CH3COO)(2) and pH 6, the highest proline content was found in 30 mgl(-1) Pb (NO3)(2) and pH 6. This study depict an inverse relationship between lead accumulation in the test algae and low pH which suggests that proline might be produced at the expense of the material(s) required for the development of S. platensis.
Dietary red clover (Trifolium pratense) on growth performance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
(Medwell Online, 2007) Turan, Funda; Gurlek, Mevlut; Yaglioglu, Deniz
The effects of dietary red clover on growth and body composition were investigated in common carp Cyprinus carpio. The fish (mean body weight 2.01 +/- 0.03 g) were fed with diets supplemented with three concentrations (50, 100 and 200 mg kg(-1)) of red clover and a control diet without red clover, for 12 weeks. The fish fed with diet supplemented with 100 mg kg(-1) red clover exhibited significantly higher growth rates than fish fed with diets supplemented with 50 and 200 mg kg(-1) red clover (p<0.001). The highest values of specific growth rate and food conversion ratio were 2.35 +/- 0.07 and 1.23 +/- 0.01, respectively at 100 mg kg(-1) red clover diet group. Protein efficiency ratio and apparent net protein utilization were significantly higher in 100 mg kg(-1) red clover group than that with other groups (p<0.001). However, significant differences were not observed in carcass moisture and proximate protein, lipid and ash contents among the all diet groups (p>0.05). Survival rate was higher (88%) in all dietary groups. The findings of the present study suggest that 100 mg kg(-1) red clover inclusion improves growth rate, feed utilization and survival of common carp.
The effect of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine on the growth performance in the african catfish (Clarias Gariepinus, Burchell, 1822)
(Ege Univ, 2006) Turan, Funda; Cek, Sehriban
In this study, African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822), having an average initial weight of 35.59 +/- 1.01 g were fed 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine at dietary levels of 1 and 10 mg kg(-1) under laboratory conditions for two months. In this way, the effect of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine on the growth performance of African catfish was investigated. At the end of experiment, live weight gain and food conversion ratio (FCR) significantly increased in fish fed with 1 mg kg(-1) 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in comparison with the control groups (P<0.001). But, growth rate was dramatically decreased after 1 mg kg(-1) 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine dosage group.
Effects of dietary androstenedione concentration on growth of Tilapia fry (Oreochromis aureus linnaeus)
(Soc Israeli Aquaculture & Marine Biotechnology, 2007) Turan, Funda; Gurlek, Mevlut; Turan, Cemal
The effects of androstenedione on the growth, body composition, and survival of tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) fry were examined. Diets were supplemented by one of three androstenedione concentrations (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) for twelve weeks. The growth rate significantly increased in fish fed 50 mg androstenedione per kg compared to the control (p<0.01) but decreased dramatically at concentrations beyond 50 mg/kg. The specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, and food conversion ratio were significantly better in the 50 mg/kg group than in the other groups. Crude protein and survival at all androstenedione levels did not significantly differ from those of the control but lipid content dropped with 100 mg/kg supplementation.
Effects of Dietary Pelargonium sidoides Extract on Growth Performance in Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio
(Israeli Journal Of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 2011) Turan, Funda; Gezer, Armagan; Bircan-Yildirim, Yasemin
The effects of graded dietary supplementation of Pelargonium sidoides extract on growth performance, feed utilization, and body composition in common carp, Cyprinus carpio, were preliminarily evaluated. Fish (0.67 +/- 0.05 g) were fed experimental diets containing 0, 1, 3, or 5 ml/100 g P. sidoides extract for 90 days. Growth rate significantly (p<0.05) increased in carp fed supplemented diets. The specific growth rate ranged from 2.87 +/- 0.09 in the control to 3.41 +/- 0.11 in fish fed the diet supplemented with 5 ml P. sidoides. The feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and apparent net protein utilization were significantly better in groups fed diets with 3 or 5 ml P. sidoides extract than in the control or 1 ml group. The highest protein content (19.65%) was obtained with 3 ml supplementation. The present study shows that P. sidoides extract has a positive effect on carp growth and feed utilization with no apparent effects on health status.
Effects of Exogenous Enzyme Supplementation in Diets on Growth and Feed Utilization in African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus
(Medwell Online, 2010) Yildirim, Yasemin Bircan; Turan, Funda
The effects of various supplemental exogenous enzyme on the growth performance in African catfish Clarias gariepinus (initial mean weight 46.32+/-0.29 g) were examined for 12 weeks feeding trial. A multi enzyme complex (containing fungal xylanase, beta-glucanase, pentosonase, beta-amilase, fungal beta-glucanase, hemicellulase, pectinase, cellulase, cellubiase), was included at the level of 0.0 (control group), 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 g enzyme complex kg(-1) diet in four test diets. Each of the four experimental diets was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of fish and accidentally stocked into 100 L aquaria at a density of 10 fish per aquarium. After 90 days of rearing, the survival rate was ranged from 86.67-93.33% and there was no statistical difference between experimental and control groups. Growth rate significantly increased in fish fed with enzyme complex supplemented diets in comparison with the control groups (p<0.001). Specific growth rate was ranged from 1.09+/-0.03 (control group) to 1.23+/-0.01(0.75 g kg(-1) enzyme complex supplemented group). The best specific growth rate was observed at the group receiving 0.75 g kg(-1) enzyme complex group. Also, food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and apparent net protein utilization were significantly higher in. all enzyme complex groups than that with control (p<0.01). The highest value of protein content (21.75%) was observed at 0.75 g kg(-1) enzyme complex group. The results suggested that enzyme supplementation can significantly improve growth performance and feed utilization in African catfish.
The effects of gokshura, Tribulus terrestris on sex reversal of guppy, Poecilia reticulata
(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007) Çek, Şehriban; Turan, Funda; Atik, Esin
This study examined the effects of Tribulus terrestris (TT) on sex reversal in guppy, Poecilia reticulata. The objective of this study was to introduce a new environmentally friendly method for masculinization in P. reticulata. Since male guppy has higher commercial value than female. TT is a natural, non-toxic herb which helps enhance testosterone levels in human and animals. It was prepared in a laboratory in France. Different concentration (0.0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 g L-1) of TT was investigated for sex reversal in the Poecilia reticulata. TT extract was administered by immersion of newly born offspring once weekly for two months. Among the dosages used in the present study 0.15 g L-1 TT was the most effective dosage that ensured maximum male ratio (80%, p<0.01). Although, sex ratios of 0.05 and 0.1 g L-1 TT were not significantly different from the expected 1:1 ratio, in these two groups treatment with TT also result in higher number of males (58.25 and 59.77%, respectively), than control (p>0.05). Total survival rates in all treatments and control were uniformly high ranging from 83 to 87% (p>0.05). It is concluded that TT has no negative effect on survival rate of P. reticulata. All groups of TT-treated fish exhibited successful growth acceleration comparing to the control group, but only TT treatment at the concentration of 0.15 and 0.1 g L-1 TT significantly improved growth rate of P. reticulata (p<0.01). Histological examinations revealed that testes of fish treated with TT-extract contained all stages of spermatogenesis. Sex reversal in P. reticulata demonstrated that TT treated new-born progenies showed successful sex reversal, spermatogenesis and better growth rate than untreated progenies. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
Farklı düzeylerde suya ve yeme katılan androjen hormonunun (17 a-methyltestosteron) lepistes balıklarında (Poecilia reticulato Peters,1860) cinsiyet dönüşümü ve büyüme üzerine etkileri
(Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, 2001) Turan, Funda; Akyurt, İhsan
ÖZET FARKLI DÜZEYLERDE SUYA VE YEME KATILAN ANDRO JEN HORMONUNUN (17 a- METHYLTESTOSTERON) LEPİSTES BALIKLARINDA (POECK.IA RETICULATA PETERS, 1860) CİNSİYET DÖNÜŞÜMÜ VE BÜYÜME ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ Araştırmada, 17 a-metiltestosteron hormonu yeme katma (0, 15, 30 ve 60 ppm) ve immersiyon (0, 150, 300, 600ug/l) yöntemi ile ortalama ağırlıkları 0,018 ± 0,002 g olan yavru lepistes balıklarına verilmiştir. Bu uygulama ile; en iyi cinsiyet dönüşümü sağlayan yöntem ve dozajın belirlenmesi ile birlikte, 17 a-metiltestosteron hormonunun büyüme, yaşama oranı ve pigmentasyon üzerine olan etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırma toplam 6 ay sürmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda, en yüksek cinsiyet dönüşümü immersiyon yönteminde görülmüş olup, tüm dozlarda yüksek oranda (%95-96) cinsiyet dönüşümü gerçekleşmiştir. Yapılan %2 testi sonucu bu doz grupları kontrol grubundan istatistiksel olarak farklı çıkmıştır (PO.001). Yeme katma yönteminde ise, en yüksek oran %75,7 ile 60 ppm 17 a- MT içeren grupta gözlenmiştir. %2 testi sonucu tüm dozlar kontrol grubundan istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede farklı bulunmuştur ( P<0.01). Canlı ağırlık artışı, yem değerlendirme katsayısı ve spesifik büyüme oranı bakımından yeme katma yönteminde en yüksek değerler sırasıyla 4,70±0,14 g, 1.71 ve 3,74 ±0,11 ile 30 mg/kg 17 a-MT içeren grupta, immersiyon yönteminde ise yine sırasıyla 2,92±0,08 g, 2,51 ve 3,09±0,02 değerleri ile 150 ug/l'lik grupta belirlenmiştir. ANOVA testi sonucu her iki yöntemde de tüm dozlar, kontrol grubundan farklı düzeylerde istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Yaşama oranı bakımından en yüksek oran yeme katma yönteminde %84,55 ile 15 mg/kg ve immersiyon yönteminde ise %96,36 ile 300 u,g/l 17 a-MT içeren grupta bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, 17 a-MT'un pigmentasyonu artırdığı ve balıkların daha güzel görünüşe sahip oldukları gözlenmiştir. 2001, 69 sayfa
Genetic and morphologic structure of Liza abu (Heckel, 1843) populations from the ricers orontes, Euphrates and Tigris
(2004) Turan, Cemal; Ergüden, Deniz; Turan, Funda; Gürlek, Mevlüt
Asi, Fırat ve Dicle nehirleri Liza abu populasyonları toplanan örneklerle morfolojik ve genetik olarak incelendi. Genetik karşılaştırma yapmak üzere kullanılan allo-enzim elektroforezi ve morfolojik karşılaştırma yapmak için kullanılan Truss ağı sistemi aynı örnekler üzerinde eşzamanlı olarak kullanıldı. L. abu populasyonları arasında çok önemli derecede morfolojik farklılıklar gözlendi. Morfolojik karakterler bakımından balıkların kendi orijinal grubuna doğru olarak sınıflandırılması % 100 olarak yüksek bulundu. Kümelerarası korelasyon analizinde, varyasyonların kümeleştirilmesi sonucu; Dicle stoğunün Asi ve Fırat stoklarından çok farklı olduğu gözlenmiş, Fırat stoğunün Asi ve Dicle stokları arasında bir yer aldığı, fakat Asi stoğuna daha yakın olduğu gözlenmiştir. Gözlenen fenotipik yapı, stokların coğrafik uzaklıkları ile morfolojik farklılığı arasında yakın bir ilişki olduğunu işaret etmektedir. Fakat elde edilen genetik veriler gözlenen morfolojik farklılığı desteklememektedir. Genetik analiz için 5 enzim (ICD, PGM, ME, MDH, G3PDH) sistemi (6 losi) kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan bütün losiler mbnomorfik çıktığı için populasyonlar arasında herhangi bir genetik farklılık gözlenememiştir.
Growth and Feed Utilization of Tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) Fed Diets containing Supplementary Enzymes
(Israeli Journal Of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 2010) Yildirim, Yasemin Bircan; Turan, Funda
A 90-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of supplemental exogenous enzymes on growth performance in juvenile tilapia Oreochromis aureus (0.22 +/- 0.01 g). A multienzyme complex containing fungal xylanase, beta-glucanase, pentosonase, alpha-amilase, fungal beta-glucanase, hemicellulase, pectinase, cellulase, and cellubiase was included at levels of 0.0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 g/kg diet in four test diets. After 90 days, survival ranged 94.44-97.22%, with no statistical differences between groups. The growth rate was significantly higher in fish fed supplemented diets than in the control. Tilapia fed the 0.75 g/kg diet had a significantly higher growth rate than those fed the control or 0.25 g/kg diet while the best specific growth rate was observed in the group fed the 0.5 g/kg diet. Likewise, the food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and apparent net protein utilization were significantly better in the 0.5 and 0.75 g/kg groups than in the control and 0.25 g/kg groups. Protein contents in fish fed the 0.5 and 0.75 g/kg diets were significantly higher than in fish fed the control or 0.25 g/kg diet. The highest protein content (20.08%) was in the 0.75 g/kg group. Results suggest that enzyme supplementation can significantly improve growth performance and feed utilization in juvenile tilapia.
Heavy metal bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and genotoxicity in African catfishClarias gariepinusfrom Orontes river
(Springer, 2020) Turan, Funda; Eken, Meltem; Ozyilmaz, Gul; Karan, Serpil; Uluca, Haluk
One of the major problems affecting the ecosystem health is the exposure of heavy metals due to anthropogenic activities. These exposures may induce toxiogenetic damage and carcinogenesis in aquatic organism. DNA damage biomarkers for fish species detect genotoxic parameters for ecological risk assessment. In the present study, the effect of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Cu, Fe and Mn) on DNA damage and oxidative stress ofClarias gariepinuswas examined by Comet assay at Reference site and two different sampling sites of the Orontes River. Moreover, the relationship between DNA damage and physiological response to oxidative stress caused inC. gariepinuswas investigated by sampling seasonal water and fish samples for one year. In this study, Cr, Cd and Cu in water column of Orontes River and the concentrations of Fe and Mn in liver tissue ofC. gariepinuswere highly exceed the maximum permissible limit set by EPA (1999,2016) WHO (1989) and TEG (2012) that can cause adverse effects on environment health. SOD activities in liver tissues were significantly higher than those in muscle tissues. SOD, CAT activity and MDA levels of both Site 1 and Site 2 at Orontes River were higher than those of the Reference site. In result of the COMET analysis, the highest levels of DNA damage were found at gill and liver tissues in Site 2 (17.746 +/- 1.072% T-DNA; 16.014 +/- 0.710% T-DNA respectively) at Orontes river. A higher level of DNA damage in gill cells compared to liver cells was observed in all regions of the Orontes River. In Principal component analysis (PCA), the heavy metals Cd, Cr and Cu (in the water column) and MDA in liver and muscle revealed strong contribution to the observed DNA damage that were scattered opposite to each other's along the principal components. Moreover, correlations between parameters revealed a positive significant relationship between Cd, Cr and Cu in water and DNA damage levels inC. gariepinus. Pearson correlation analysis detected a positive relationship between MDA, CAT and SOD and DNA damage levels in African catfish. Consequently, this study exposed genotoxic damage and oxidative stress ofC. gariepinusdue to metal pollution in Orontes River and lead to the better understanding of genotoxicty, oxidative stress and heavy metal relationships.
Karabalık (Clarias gariepinus) larvalarının çam yaprağı arısı tırtılı (Neodiprion sertifer) ile beslenebilme olanaklarının belirlenmesi
(2006) Genç, Münevver Ayçe; Turan, Funda; Akyurt, İhsan; Gökçek, Kaya; Demirci, Aydın; Gürlek, Mevlüt
Bu çalışma ile bölgesel olarak elde edilebilen farklı yemlerin ve bunların karışımlarının karabalık {Clarias gariepinus) larvalarının büyümesi üzerine etkileri belirlenmiştir. Balık larvaları (ortalama ağırlık 2,70±0,08 mg, ortalama boy 0,75±0,05 mm ve 2 günlük), ticari alabalık başlangıç yemi (TY: kontrol), tubifeks, Neodiprion sertifer (ÇAT), tubifeks+TY ve ÇAT+TY olmak üzere beş farklı yem ile 18 gün süreyle beslenmişlerdir. TY, Tubifeks ve ÇAT+TY gruplarında büyüme benzer bulunurken sadece ÇAT grubunda ciddi büyüme düşüşü izlenmiştir. Gruplar arasında 6,10,14 ve 18. günlerdeki ortalama ağırlık değerlerinde önemli farklılıklar belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Araştırma sonuçları, kuru karma yeme (TY) tubifeks ilavesinin, diğer diyetlerle karşılaştırıldığında; büyüme ve yaşama oranını olumlu yönde arttığını ve önerilebilir olduğunu göstermiştir.
Larval rearing of african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) using european pine sawfly (Neodiprion sertifer) larvae as direct food
(Ege Univ, 2006) Genc, M. Ayce; Turan, Funda; Akyurt, Ihsan; Gokcek, Kaya; Demirci, Aydin; Gurlek, Mevlut
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of different alternative (locally available) diets and their combination on growth of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus larvae. Fish larvae (mean weigth 2.70 +/- 0.08 mg, mean lenght 0.75 +/- 0.05 mm and 2 days old) were fed one of five diets containing commercial trout starter diet (TY as control diet), tubifex, European pine sawfly (Neodiprion sertifer: CAT) larvae, tubifex plus TY and CAT plus TY for 18 days. Growth was nearly similar in TY, Tubifex and CAT + TY groups and typically, retardation was detected especially in CAT group. On day 6, 10, 14 and 18 mean weight of the larvae varied significantly (p > 0.05) between the treatments. The results of this feeding trial showed that, the tubifex supplementation was (improve the efficiency of dry diet, TY) significantly improve the growth and survival rates (p < 0.05) and it is advisable than the other diets of this experiment.
Length-weight and length-length relationships of the Mediterranean shad Alosa agone (Scopoli, 1786) from the Northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey
(Academic Journals, 2011) Erguden, Deniz; Turan, Cemal; Gurlek, Mevlut; Turan, Funda; Erguden, Sibel Alagoz
The relationships between total length (TL), fork length (FL) and standard length (SL), and between TL and weight were investigated for Mediterranenan shad, Alosa agone, from two estuary localities (Karaduvar and Samandag), North-eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. A total of 297 specimens, 150 males and 147 females, were captured by gill net and trammel net between September 2006 and May 2007 from the NE Mediterranean Sea coast of Turkey. The values of the exponent b of the length-weight relationships (LWRs) were 3.50 for female and 3.49 for male. The length-length relationship (LLRs) between the three length measurements (TL-FL-SL) were highly correlated (r(2)>0.99, P<0.001). This study presented the first reference on LWRs and LLRs for Mediterranean shad species from NE Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
Masculinization of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) treated with gokshura (Tribulus terrestris)
(Israeli Journal Of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 2007) Turan, Funda; Cek, Sehriban
The present paper describes the effects of Tribulus terrestris, a masculinization agent, on the sex reversal of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. One-clay-old hatchlings were immersed in water containing an extract of T. terrestris at a rate of 0, 3, 6, or 9 g/30 I water for 30 days. The 9 g treatment resulted in 80.42% male populations. Morphological and histological examinations of the gonads in all groups revealed no intersex fish. Histological examination of fish treated with T. terrestris revealed no damage to the testes or ovaries. Despite differences in sex ratio, growth rate, ovaries, and testes, fish treated with T. terrestris were histologically similar to fish from the control groups. Survival ranged from 72% in the 3 g group to 80% in the 9 g during treatment and did not significantly differ from the control (p>0.05). The best growth was obtained in the 9 g treatment.
Masculinization of Convict Cichlid (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum) by immersion in Tribulus terrestris extract
(Springer, 2007) Cek, Sehriban; Turan, Funda; Atik, Esin
We have examined the effects of Tribulus terrestris (TT), a non-toxic herb, on sex reversal in the Convict Cichlid Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum with the aim of introducing a new environmentally friendly method for masculinization in C. nigrofasciatum. TT is a natural plant product that elevates the testosterone levels in humans and animals. Different concentrations (0.0, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.30 g/l) of TT extract were tested for their effect on sex reversal in C nigrofasciatum by immersing newly hatched offspring once weekly for 2 months in TT extract. Of the dosages used in the present study, 0.30 g/l TT was the most effective in terms of masculinization, resulting in a maximum male ratio of 87.23% (P < 0.001). Sex ratios of 79 and 85% at 0.10 and 0.20 g/l TT, respectively, were also significantly different from the expected 1:1 ratio (P < 0.001). Histological examinations revealed that the testes of fish treated with TT extract contained all stages of spermatogenesis, clearly demonstrating that the administration of TT extract to C. nigrofasciatum stimulated spermatogenesis. Total survival rates in all treatments and the control were uniformly high, ranging from 88.57 to 90% (P > 0.05). We concluded that TT had no negative effect on the survival rate of C nigrofasciatum. In addition, all groups of TT-treated fish exhibited successful growth acceleration compared to the control group, but only the 0.30 g/l TT treatment significantly improved the growth rate of C nigrofasciatum. (P < 0.01.). Sex reversal in C. nigrofasciatum demonstrated that TT-treated 0-day-old larvae showed successful sex reversal, spermatogenesis and a better growth rate than untreated progenies.
Molecular systematic analysis of shad species (Alosa spp.) from Turkish marine waters using mtDNA genes
(2015) Turan, Cemal; Ergüden, Deniz; Gürlek, Mevlüt; Çevik, Cem; Turan, Funda
Türk deniz sularından beş tirsi türünün (Alosa caspia, A. fallax nilotica, Alosa maeotica, Alosa immaculata, Alosa tanaica) filogenetik ilişkisi mitokondriyal DNA polimeraz zincir reaksyionu-restriksiyon parça uzunluk polimorfizmi ile araştırılmıştır. PCR ile uygulamaya tabi tutulmuş altı gen bölgesi; NADH 5/6, NADH 3/4 cytochrom b, COX, 16 S rRNA ve D-Loop, yedi restriksiyon enzimi ile (BsurI, AluI, EheI, Hin6I, RsaI, XhoI Bsh1236I) sırasıyla kesilmiştir. Filogenetik analiz için bir araya getirilmiş altı genden toplam 45 haplotip beş tirsi türünden tespit edilmiş ve ortalama haplotip çeşitliliği ile türler içerisindeki nükleotit çeşitliliği sırasıyla 0,8809 ve 0,0022 olarak bulunmuştur. En yüksek genetik farklılık A. caspia ve A. maeotica (0,013727) arasında, en düşük A. immaculata ve A. tanaica (0,003073) arasında gözlenmiştir. Monte Carlo (X 2 ) ikili genetik karşılaştırma sonucunda tüm türler arasında yüksek derecede önemli farklılıklar ortaya çıkmıştır (P<0,001). Komşu katılımlı ağaçta oluşan iki ana grupta; birinci grup A. caspia ve A. f. nilotica genetik benzerlik olarak birbirine çok yakın görülürken, A. immaculata.bu gruba kardeş grup olmuştur. A. tanaica ise bu grubun içerisinde bir hayli farklı görünmektedir. Alosa cinsi arasında en yüksek genetik farklılaşma gösteren A. maeotica sadece diğer grup içerisinde yer almıştır.

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