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Öğe Antifungal Efficacies of Plant Essential Oils and Main Constituents Against Soil-Borne Fungal Disease Agents of Bean(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Soylu, E. MineIn this study, in vitro antifungal efficacies of essential oils (EO's) obtained from taxonomically different medicinal plants such as oregano (Origanum syriacum L), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.), naturally growing in the different regions of Hatay province, and their major constituents (carvacrol, trans-anethole and 1,8-cineole) were investigated against soil-borne fungal disease agents of bean plants such as Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. Inhibitory effects of volatile and contact phases of different concentrations of the essential oils used were determined on fungal hyphae. While contact phases of O. syriacum and F. vulgare EO's completely inhibited mycelial growth of fungal pathogens at 160 to 320 mu g/ml concentrations, L. nobilis EO, however, completely inhibited mycelial growth at relatively higher concentrations (1440 to 2880 mu g/ml). In comparison, volatile phases of all EO have completely inhibited mycelial growth at relatively lower concentrations (20 to 200 mu g/ml). Major components of O. syriacum, and F. vulgare EO's, carvacrol and trans- anethole respectively, also completely inhibited mycelial growth at 130 to 440 mu g/ml concentrations. Major component of L. nobilis EO, 1,8-cineole, was, however, able to show antifungal activity against only M. phaseolina at the highest concentration (3000 mu g/ml). Antimicrobial activities shown by EO's and their major constituents against fungal disease agents revealed their potential to be used as a new alternative control measures against fungal diseases of economically important plant.Öğe First report of Phytophthora crown and root rot of cherry caused by Phytophthora palmivora in eastern Turkey(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2015) Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Ciftci, Osman; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Dervis, SibelCrown and root rot or decline is an increasing problem on sweet cherry in Mardin, Malatya, Elaz and Diyarbakr provinces in eastern Turkey. A survey was carried out during 2012-2014 in 120 commercial cherry orchards for disease symptoms, which included poor growth with sparse off-colour foliage, reddish-brown discolouration of the crown and roots, wilting and dieback of the canopy, and in many cases, tree death. Fifty-eight Phytophthora isolates obtained during the course of this 3-year survey were examined and identified as Phytophthora palmivora on the basis of morphological characteristics. BLAST analysis of ITS region sequences of rDNA of five isolates revealed 99-100% identity with reference isolates of P. palmivora from GenBank and Phytophthora database. Isolates of P. palmivora were pathogenic on 12-month-old potted Mahaleb' cherry (Prunus mahaleb L.) rootstock seedlings that were wound-inoculated on the roots and on the crown. Inoculated plants expressed similar symptoms to those observed in the field and almost all infected plants died within 3 months after transplanting. This study demonstrated that P. palmivora is the causal agent of cherry decline in eastern Turkey. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. palmivora on this host plant. ResumeLa pourriture du collet et des racines, ou deperissement, constitue un probleme croissant chez le cerisier sauvage dans les provinces de Mardin, de Malatya, d'Elaz et de Diyarbakr de l'est de la Turquie. Une etude a ete menee de 2012 a 2014 dans 120 vergers commerciaux afin de deceler les symptomes de la maladie qui incluent la croissance mediocre accompagnee d'un feuillage clairseme de couleur atypique, la coloration brun-rougeatre du collet et des racines, le fletrissement et le deperissement de la cime et, dans plusieurs cas, la mort de l'arbre. Durant les trois annees qu'a dure cette etude, 58 isolats de Phytophthora ont ete examines et identifies, sur la base de leurs caracteres morphologiques, en tant que Phytophthora palmivora. L'analyse de type BLAST des sequences de l'espaceur transcrit interne de l'ADNr de cinq isolats a revele un taux d'identite de 99% a 100% par rapport aux isolats de reference de P. palmivora provenant de la GenBank et de la Phytophthora database. Les isolats de P. palmivora etaient virulents a l'egard de jeunes plants en pots de 12 mois sur porte-greffe de cerisier Mahaleb' (Prunus mahaleb L.) dont des blessures aux collets et aux racines avaient ete inoculees. Les plants inocules ont affiche des symptomes semblables a ceux observes sur le terrain, et presque tous les plants sont morts en moins de trois mois apres avoir ete transplantes. Cette etude a demontre que P. palmivora est l'agent causal du deperissement des cerisiers dans l'est de la Turquie. Pour autant que nous le sachions, il s'agit de la premiere mention de P. palmivora s'attaquant a cette plante hote.Öğe First report of root rot caused by Ceratobasidium sp. on sweet almond in Turkey(Springer, 2020) Aktan, Zekiye Ceren; Soylu, Soner; Ciftci, Osman; Turkolmez, Sahimerdan[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Phytophthora Crown and Root Rot of Apricot Caused by Phytophthora palmivora in Turkey(Wiley, 2015) Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Ciftci, Osman; Canihos, Ercan; Serce, Cigdem U.; Dervis, SibelForty-nine Phytophthora isolates were obtained from roots and crown of apricot trees with symptoms of decline grown in commercial orchards in Malatya, Elaz and Diyarbakr provinces, Turkey, in 2011 and 2013. All of the recovered isolates were identified as Phytophthora palmivora on the basis of morphological characteristics. Blast analysis of ITS region sequences of rDNA of 5 isolates revealed 100% identity with a reference isolates of P.palmivora from GenBank. Isolates of P.palmivora were pathogenic on 12-month-old wild apricot rootstock Zerdali' plants that were wound inoculated on the roots and on the crown. This study demonstrated that P.palmivora is the cause of the crown and root rot found on apricot in Turkey. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P.palmivora on this host plant.Öğe Survey of Turkish Strawberry Production Areas for Soil-borne Fungal Diseases(Amer Soc Horticultural Science, 2015) Bildik, Mehmet Naci; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Dervis, Sibel; Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Ciftci, Osman; Serce, Sedat[Abstract Not Available]
