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Öğe Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characteristics in Enterococcus Isolates from Dogs(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2017) Boyar, Yilmaz; Aslantas, Ozkan; Turkyilmaz, SuheylaAntimicrobial resistant enterococci are among the leading causes of nosocomial infections. Transmission of antimicrobial-resistant enterococci from animals to humans has been shown. For this reason, continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in different animal species is of importance both for animal and human health. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profiles, resistance mechanisms implicated and virulence traits of 107 enterococci isolated from 125 rectal swab samples taken from dogs. The highest resistance rate was determined against tetracycline (65.4%), followed by ciprofloxacin (19.6%), erythromycin (19.6%), chloramphenicol (8.4%) and ampicillin (3.7%). Fourteen (12.1%) enterococci showed multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. The tetM gene was predominantly detected among tetracycline isolates. Of 21 erythromycin resistant isolates, 18 harbored the ermB gene. The frequently detected virulence genes was ccf (54.2%), efaA(fs) (52.3%), cpd (45.8%) and gelE (44.9%). These results indicate that high level of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes exist among enterococci from dogs and pose a potential public health concern.Öğe Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci from Horses, Personnel and Environmental Sites at an Equine Hospital in Turkey(Japan Soc Vet Sci, 2012) Aslantas, Ozkan; Turkyilmaz, Suheyla; Yilmaz, Mehmet Ali; Erdem, Zeynep; Demir, CemilThe present study was carried out to assess the frequency of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) among racehorses (n=209) and veterinary personnel (n=13) as well as environmental surfaces (n=14) at an equine hospital in Adana, Turkey. In addition, species distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance genes, staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) type and clonality of these isolates were also investigated. MRS were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing, and typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). As a result, MRS was isolated in horses (48.3%), clinic staff (92.3%) and environmental samples (71.4%). Of the 123 MRS isolates, 118 isolates were identified as Staphylococcus lentus, and the remaining ones were found to be S. sciuri (n=3), S. intermedius (n=1) and S. fleuretti (n=1). All isolates were found to be susceptible against vancomycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin and rifampicin. Additionally, single or various combinations of resistance genes were detected among MRS isolates. SCCmec type II was identified in all isolates. Similar PFGE patterns were observed among MRS isolated from horses, humans, and environmental samples. Since MRS were concurrently isolated from horses and humans it is suggested that cross-transmission of MRS between horses and humans might occur. However, it cannot be ruled out that transmission is human to animal or animal to human.Öğe Molecular Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From Clinical Bovine Mastitis Cases(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2022) Aslantas, Ozkan; Turkyilmaz, Suheyla; Keskin, Oktay; Yucetepe, Ayfer Gullu; Buyukaltay, KaanThis study aimed to investigate the presence and distribution of virulence determinants and their antimicrobial susceptibilities of 44 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from clinical bovine mastitis cases. In addition, selected 6 P. aeruginosa isolates were further characterized using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Based on the presence of T3SS-related genes, 25% of the isolates were found to carry exoU and/or exoS genes belonging to invasive (exoU-/exoS+, 18.2%) and cytotoxic (exoU+/exoS-, 6.8%) strains. But, none of the isolates carried both exoU and exoS genes. In terms of other virulence genes examined, various virulence gene profiles were observed among the isolates. The majority of the isolates (72.7%) were susceptible to all tested antimicrobials. Resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem) were determined as 25% and 4.5%, respectively. WGS analysis indicated the presence of different resistome, but fosA genes in all isolates, and different combinations of mutations in gyrA, parC, oprD, efflux pump, and genes playing a role in the regulation of ampC gene expression. Different sequence types (STs) and serotypes were found in representative isolates with the occurrence of the O11-ST235 clone, which is a worldwide multidrug-resistant high-risk clone representing a serious public health threat. The findings of this study provide valuable information on P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical bovine mastitis cases and current antimicrobial resistance levels and virulence determinants.Öğe Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and virulence traits in enterococci from food of animal origin in Turkey(Elsevier Science Bv, 2016) Yilmaz, Ebru Sebnem; Aslantas, Ozkan; Onen, Sevda Pehlivanlar; Turkyilmaz, Suheyla; Kurekci, CemilThe objective of this work was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility, the mechanisms implicated and the potential virulence genes (gelatinase [ge/E], cytolysins [cylA, cylM, cylB], cell wall adhesins [efaAfs and efaAfrn], enterococcal surface protein [esp], sex pheromones [cpd, cob, ccf], enhanced expression of pheromone [eep], aggregation substance [aggA]) in enterococci isolated from retail chicken and beef meat samples in Hatay, Turkey. Hundred-one (96%) isolates from chicken meat and sixty-three (63%) from minced meat isolates showed resistance to at least one of the 12 antimicrobial agents tested. The highest frequency of resistance was against tetracycline (89.5% and 53%), erythromycin (59% and 2%), ciprofloxacin (35.2% and 12%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (34.3% and 7%) for isolates from chicken and beef samples, respectively. The ermB, tetM and tetL genes were predominantly detected by PCR. Five enterococci from chicken meat were found to be phenotypically resistant to vancomycin and carried the vanA gene. The presence of virulence genes including gelE, ccf, cpd, efaAfs, and aggA were frequently detected. The results of this study show that retail chicken and beef meat is source of concern for public health due to having high prevalence of antibiotic resistance and as well as harbouring virulence factors. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
