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Öğe Allelopathy studies in weed science in Turkey - a review(Springer Heidelberg, 2006) Uludag, A.; Uremis, I.; Arslan, M.; Gozcu, D.Allelopathy involves both inhibitory and stimulatory biochemical interactions between plants. The phenomenon has received great attention since the 1980's all over the world; however, in Turkey, research on allelopathy just started in the late 1980's. Studies have been done with many crops, trees, shrubs and weeds under both laboratory and field conditions to determine their allelopathic potential and its use for weed control. Crops belonging to the Brassica family are the most studied species for allelopathic potential to control weeds. Among the Brassica species, garden radish (Raphanus sativus) has been most studied to control johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). Allelopathic activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) also received some attention. The role of allelopathy in weed interference on crop production was also studied. In conclusion, allelopathy studies should parallel with contemporary studies such as ecological and chemical studies, and an integrated approach should be adopted to fully utilize the applicability of allelopathic plant species to control problem weeds.Öğe Economic impact of johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense [L.] Pers.) in cotton production in Turkey(Springer Heidelberg, 2008) Gunes, E.; Uludag, A.; Uremis, I.Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) is a perennial weed originating from the Mediterranean. it is classified as an invasive species in some countries. It is an important weed in cotton production, which is among the foremost crops of Turkey. It is estimated that 61% of cotton production areas are infested with johnsongrass. The crop loss at average infestation levels varies from 13% to 54% depending on the region. If johnsongrass was not controlled, 38% of current cotton production would be lost. The impact of control of johnsongrass in cotton is 165 million Euro in Turkey.Öğe A new record for the flora of Turkey: Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae)(2014) Uremis, I.; Uludag, A.; Arslan, Z.F.; Abaci, O.Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae) is reported for the first time for the flora of Turkey. This invasive alien plant was observed in the Asi River (also called the Orontes River), which runs from Lebanon, through Syria to Turkey. The observation was made in the river near the border with Syria. This site is the in the district of Altinözü in the province of Hatay in the East Mediterranean region. Turkey is divided into grids for floral purposes by the book 'Flora of Turkey' and the plants described were collected in grid sector C6. The authors concluded that E. crassipes (water hyacinth) can establish and spread in Turkey. © 2014 OEPP/EPPO.Öğe Status of invasive alien plants included in EPPO Lists in Turkey(2015) Arslan, Z.F.; Uludag, A.; Uremis, I.Turkey is one of the richest areas in the middle latitudes in terms of plant diversity. It has approximately 12 000 plant species and a great number of new species are being added each year. However, invasive alien species have not yet been fully considered in Turkey and only two plant species are in Turkey's quarantine list (Arceuthobium spp. and Eichhornia crassipes). EPPO is an intergovernmental organization responsible for cooperation in plant protection in the European and Mediterranean region and maintains the A1 and A2 Lists of pests recommended for regulation (A1 species are absent from the EPPO region, A2 species are present but of limited distribution), the List of Invasive Alien Plants, the Observation List of invasive alien plants and the Alert List. Eichhornia crassipes, Heracleum persicum, Heracleum sosnowskyi, Ludwigia peploides, Polygonum perfoliatum and Solanum elaeagnifolium are among the species which were recorded in Turkey and are included in the EPPO A2 List. Species recorded in the EPPO List of invasive alien plants which are present in Turkey are: Acroptilon repens, Ailanthus altissima, Ambrosia artemisiifolia (= A. elatior), Carpobrotus edulis, Cortaderia selloana, Cyperus esculentus, Paspalum distichum (= P. paspalodes), Oxalis pes-caprae and Sicyos angulatus. Azolla filiculoides and Rhododendron ponticum are listed in the EPPO Observation List of Invasive alien plants and Miscanthus sinensis, listed in the EPPO Alert List, are also recorded in the Turkish flora. © 2015 OEPP/EPPO.Öğe Weed management in early-season potato production in the mediterranean conditions of Turkey(2009) Uremis, I.; Caliskan, M.E.; Uludag, A.; Caliskan, S.Early-season potato production is a profitable system in the Mediterranean part of Turkey. Weeds are problem in early-season potato production. The effect of combinations of extended season weed control techniques (none, hand-hoeing twice, black or clear plastic mulch placed at planting, or metribuzin POST and soil applied herbicides (none, trifluralin PPI, or a commercially formulated combination of pendimethalin and metolachlor PRE) on weed control and potato yield were compared. No weed species shift was observed due to treatments. Soil applied herbicides kept weeds under pressure through growing season in some extent, improved effect of black plastic mulch on weed control, caused bigger tubers and consequently higher class-A yield. Although hand-hoeing twice during the growing season resulted in the lowest percent weed cover at harvest and better yield, cost and availability of labor may not make this method feasible for a potato grower. Combinations of PPI or PRE soil-applied herbicides and plastic mulch will be necessary. Overall, black rather than clear plastic mulch seems to be the best choice for an extended-season control method following a PPI or PRE herbicide. Metribuzin controlled weeds in some extent but the effect did not translate to potato yield. Plastic mulches, especially clear one, caused earliness at emergence, which might help earlier harvest.Öğe WEED MANAGEMENT IN EARLY-SEASON POTATO PRODUCTION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN CONDITIONS OF TURKEY(Scientific Issues Natl Centre Agrarian Sciences, 2009) Uremis, I.; Caliskan, M. E.; Uludag, A.; Caliskan, S.Early-season potato production is a profitable system in the Mediterranean part of Turkey. Weeds are problem in early-season potato production. The effect of combinations of extended season weed control techniques (none, hand-hoeing twice, black or clear plastic mulch placed at planting, or metribuzin POST and soil applied herbicides (none, trifluralin PPI, or a commercially formulated combination of pendimethalin and metolachlor PRE) on weed control and potato yield were compared. No weed species shift was observed due to treatments. Soil applied herbicides kept weeds under pressure through growing season in some extent, improved effect of black plastic mulch on weed control, caused bigger tubers and consequently higher class-A yield. Although hand-hoeing twice during the growing season resulted in the lowest percent weed cover at harvest and better yield, cost and availability of labor may not make this method feasible for a potato grower. Combinations of PPI or PRE soil-applied herbicides and plastic mulch will be necessary. Overall, black rather than clear plastic mulch seems to be the best choice for an extended-season control method following a PPI or PRE herbicide. Metribuzin controlled weeds in some extent but the effect did not translate to potato yield. Plastic mulches, especially clear one, caused earliness at emergence, which might help earlier harvest.
