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    Investigation of the computational efficiency and validity of the surface response to excitation method
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2015) Fekrmandi, Hadi; Rojas, Javier; Tansel, Ibrahim N.; Yapici, Ahmet; Uragun, Balemir
    The Surface Response to Excitation (SuRE) method excites the surface of the structure with a piezoelectric element. The generated vibrations at critical points on the surface are measured with other piezoelectric elements, a laser vibrometer or other sensors. Then the magnitude of the transfer function between the excitation and the sensory signal is monitored. The performance of the SuRE method was evaluated using a low cost Digital Signal Processor (DSP) system, spectrum analyzer, and laser vibrometer. The accuracies of the Teager-Kaiser (TKA), Goertzel, RMS and average of the positive values algorithms were evaluated for magnitude estimation. The SuRE method was employed successfully for detection of compression loads by using the DSP system. Existence of composite coating was inspected using a spectrum analyzer. Finally, the method was used to detect localized loads on an aluminum plate with a laser vibrometer. The study indicated that the SuRE method may be used as a low cost alternative to impedance method. The inconvenience of using separate sensor(s) is the disadvantages of the SuRE method respect to the impedance method. The main advantages are requirement of simpler and cheaper instrumentation for data analysis, defect location estimation capability when multiple sensors are used, faster data acquisition at low noise environments, and allowing non-contact sensors such as laser vibrometers for measurement of surface response. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Öğe
    Study of the computational efficiency and validity of the surface response to excitation method
    (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc., 2012) Tansel, Ibrahim N.; Rojas, Javier; Yapici, Ahmet; Uragun, Balemir
    Performance of the Surface Response to Excitation (SuRE) method was evaluated by using a low cost DSP system and spectrum analyzer. SuRE method excites the surface of the structure with a piezoelectric element. The generated vibrations of a critical point on the surface are measured with (a) piezoelectric element(s) or other sensor(s). The magnitude of the transfer function between the excitation and the sensory signal is monitored. The accuracies of the Teager-Kaiser (TKA), Goertzel, RMS and average of the positive values algorithms were evaluated for magnitude estimation. The SuRE method was used successfully for detection of the compression by using the DSP system. In addition, an applied compressive force, a change of the diameter of a hole and a composite coating was detected by using a spectrum analyzer. The study indicated that the SuRE may be used as a low cost alternative to impedance method. The cost and inconvenience of using multiple piezoelectric elements are the disadvantageous of the method. The main advantages of the SuRE are requirement of much cheaper and simpler equipment. Test time may be drastically shortened in low noise environments, many different transducers may be used for sensing and some directionality may be gained by carefully selecting the location of the sensor(s). © 2012 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.