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Copper Removal by SCMT II Transgenic and Wild Type Tobacco in Hydroponic System - a Comparative Study
(Chiminform Data S A, 2012) Daghan, Hatice; Uygur, Veli; Arslan, Mehmet; Koleli, Nurcan
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metallothionein-II (ScMT-II) genes expressed in Nicotiana tabacum and wild tobacco were grown for 14 days in growth chamber as hydroponics containing 0, 5, and 10 Cu mg L-1 to determine their Cu accumulation ability and to study Cu compartmentation in shoots and roots. Wild type (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. Petite Havana SRI) and transgenic tobacco (p-S-ScMTII) plants wilted severely, showed stunted root growth with structural deformation. Shoot dry weight, Cu, and free sulphydryl (-SH) groups showed significant differences between transgenic and wild type tobacco plants. Copper accumulation in roots was 7.78 and 10.8 g kg(-1) for transgenic and wild type tobacco, respectively. The study revealed that despite high Cu accumulation in roots, its translocation from roots to shoots was inhibited probably due to blockage and dieback in the root collar. It can be concluded that the main cause of failure in MTII gene induced Cu accumulation in shoots was collapse of root collars due to Cu toxicity. Thus it was not possible to judge the real effect of the MT gene.
A detailed experimental knowledge on differentiation of nutritional quality depending on the phenological stages of native cool season grasses and satisfying the daily maintenance requirements of livestock
(Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, 2019) Çeliktaş, Nafiz; Can, Ersin; Kaya, Şerafeddin; Uygur, Veli
Aims: For a proper range management and livestock feeding operations need to detailed chemical analyses and knowledge on pasture composition. Methods and Results: Seven native cool-season grasses that are Festuca arundinaceae L., Brachypodium pinnatum (L.) Beauv., Phleum pretense L., Dactylis glomerata L., Bromus inermis Leyss., Lolium perenne L. and Hordeum bulbosum L. were evaluated for their nutritive value at five different phenological stages. The chemical composition, quality and therefore their feeding value so the animal performance are directly under control of the stage of plant phenology. Stage of plant maturity decreases dry matter digestibility, dry matter intake and protein content, but increases in lignocellulosic structure with the advance phenology of the whole investigated perennial species. Conclusions: The species which have thickand longer leaves, and higher leaf/stem ratio determined as the more digestible, and also the metabolizable energy of the fast growing ones was considerably higher. The vast majority of the minerals’ concentration was distinctly reduced at stem elongation to flowering and then increased remarkably from that point to developing seed stalks. The fast growing species accumulated the minerals more. Grass Tetany risk (K/(Ca+Mg)) of the investigated species increased remarkably at head emergence and flowering stage. Most of the species were detected within the boundaries of the recommended Ca/P ratio for diet. Significance and Impact of the Study: The native pastures seem to satisfy the daily maintenance requirements of most livestock in respect to most minerals without any supplementation via correct timing for feeding.
Doğal serin iklim buğdaygil yembitkilerinin bitki gelişme dönemlerine bağlı yem kalitesi değişimi ve çiftlik hayvanlarının günlük ihtiyacını karşılayabilme yetenekleri
(2019) Celıktas, Nafiz; Can, Ersin; Kaya, Şerafettin; Uygur, Veli
Amaç: Doğru bir mera yönetimi ve hayvan beslemeilkeleri açısından mera kompozisyonu üzerinde detaylıkimyasal inceleme ve yoğun bir bilgiye ihtiyaç vardır.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Mevcut araştırmada; doğal çokyıllık serin mevsim buğdaygil türleri, Festucaarundinaceae L., Brachypodium pinnatum (L.) Beauv.,Phleum pretense L., Dactylis glomerata L., Bromusinermis Leyss., Lolium perenne L. ve Hordeum bulbosumL. beş farklı bitki gelişim döneminde hayvan beslemekalitesi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bitki kimyasalkompozisyonu, kalite ve dolayısıyla besleme değerleriyani hayvan performansı bitki gelişim dönemlerindendoğrudan etkilenmektedir. İncelenen tüm türlerde kurumaddenin sindirilebilirliği, alımı ve protein içerikleri bitkiolgunlaşması ile birlikte azaltırken, lignifikasyonartmıştır.Genel Yorum: İnce uzun yapraklı ve yaprak/sap oranıyüksek olan türlerin sindirilebilirlik oranlarının dahayüksek oldukları belirlenmiştir. Hızlı büyüyen türlerde isemetabolize olabilir enerji içeriğinin yüksekliği dikkatedeğer bulunmuştur Mineral elementlerin büyükçoğunluğunun konsantrasyonu sapa kalkma veçiçeklenme dönemi arasında belirgin şekilde azalırken,bu dönemden başak/salkım çıkarma aşamasına kadarönemli bir artış saptanmıştır. Hızlı büyüyen türlerdemineral element birikimi de daha fazla gerçekleşmiştir.İncelenen türlerde çayır tetanisi riski (K/(Ca+Mg))çiçeklenme aşamasında belirgin bir şekilde artışgöstermiştir. Hesaplanan Ca/P oranının, tüm türler içinrasyonda olması önerilen sınırlar içinde bulunduğudeğerlendirilmiştir.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Araştırma bulgularıincelenen doğal mera bitkilerinin, çoğu mineral elementaçısından çiftlik hayvanlarının günlük gereksinimlerini, herhangi bir ilaveye gerek olmaksızın karşılayabilecekkapasitede olduklarını ortaya koymuştur.
EFFECT OF CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS ON LEAF MINERAL COMPOSITION OF 'OKITSU', 'CLAUSELLINA', AND 'SILVERHILL' MANDARIN CULTIVARS
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2012) Toplu, Celil; Uygur, Veli; Kaplankiran, Mustafa; Demirkeser, T. Hakan; Yildiz, Ercan
Citrus performance is strongly related with rootstock. This study was conducted to investigate leaf nutrient contents of 'Okitsu', 'Clausellina' and 'Silverhill' mandarin cultivars budded onto sour orange, 'Carrizo' and 'Troyer' citrange rootstocks in Dortyol, Turkey in 2004 and 2005. The maximum nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and copper (Cu) contents were determined for 'Clausellina'; phosphorus (P) for 'Okitsu'; and sodium (Na) for 'Silverhill'. Calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) uptake were similar for the mandarin cultivars. 'Carrizo' citrange at N, K, Mg, Mn, and Cu uptake; 'Troyer' citrange at N, P, K, and Fe uptake; and common sour orange at Ca, Zn, and Na uptake was superior on the other rootstocks. It was observed that 'Carrizo' and 'Troyer' citrange rootstocks had advantages over sour orange in nutrient uptake. Thus, growth performance, yield, and quality parameters considered, 'Carrizo' and/or 'Troyer' citranges could be suggested as rootstocks for the studied mandarin cultivars under similar ecological conditions.
The Effect of Heavy Metal Treatments on Uptake of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Transgenic and Non-Transgenic Tobacco Plants
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2013) Daghan, Hatice; Uygur, Veli; Koleli, Nurcan; Arslan, Mehmet; Eren, Abdullah
Heavy metals affect nutrient uptake of plants by means of either effecting root development and transport systems or interfering with other plant nutrients in soil solution. In this study, the effect of toxic levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni) on the uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were investigated in hydroponic culture. There was no toxicity sign in 5 mg Zn L-1 level but the rest of the heavy metals used caused different extent of toxicity. The first visual signs of toxicity for these heavy metals were chlorosis and the reduction in shoot and root biomass due to inhibition of metabolic functions. As a result, N, P, K uptake significantly changed. As the ratio of percent decreases for N, P, K uptake were considered, the toxicity levels of the heavy metals were, in descending order, Ni > Cu > Zn > Cd. Ni had the element that having most serious inhibition effect on the concentration of all three elements, the order of other heavy metals were determined as Cu > Zn > Cd for P and Cu > Cd > Zn for K.
The effect of organic amendments on mineral phosphate fractions in calcareous soils
(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2009) Uygur, Veli; Karabatak, Ibrahim
Organic amendments considerably affect nutrient balance and interfraction mobility of nutrients by influencing the chemical, physical, and biological environment in soils. In this study, the effects of five amendments including: two composts, farmyard manure, packaging-industry by-product, and olive-mill waste on time-dependent interfraction mobility of P among mineral P fractions in two semiarid-region soils differing in carbonate content and texture were investigated. Organic materials were applied at the rate of 0, 25, 50, and 100 g (kg soil)(-1) soil thoroughly mixed and incubated at 27 degrees C +/- 2 degrees C for 110 d. Phosphorus fractions were sequentially extracted by 0.1 M NaOH + 1 M NaCl (NaOH-P), citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite (CBD-P), and 0.5 M HCl (Ca-P). Results showed that organic amendments especially farmyard manure significantly influenced NaOH-P, CBD-P, and Ca-P. In addition, higher application rates of organic residues increased NaOH-P fraction. NaOH-P and CBD-P fractions were increased after addition of organic residues and then converted to Ca-P fraction within the end of incubation period. Increasing application rate of organic residues allowed P to be retained in more labile fractions for a longer period. The amount of Ca-P was found to be related with carbonate content of soils. It can be concluded that organic residues applied to calcareous soils may enhance P nutrition of agricultural plants.
Effects of Mycorrhizae and Fertilization on Soybean Yield and Nutrient Uptake
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2013) Karaca, Huseyin; Uygur, Veli; Ozkan, Abdo; Kaya, Zulkuf
Soybean (local variety Arsoy) was grown for 45 days on calcareous Karaburun and Meneke soils. Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased both shoot and root yields in the soils. Sulfur (S) fertilization alone did not affect the shoot and root yields in Karaburun soil, whereas there was a great increase in the shoot yield and relatively smaller increase in the root yield for nonmycorrhizal treatments in Meneke soil. The combination of mycorrhizae and S in Meneke soil resulted in a yield less than that obtained for mycorrhizae treatments alone. There was a fluctuation in shoot and root yield upon S and/or phosphorus (P) fertilization. There was an accumulation of magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) in the mycorrhizal treatments, whereas there was a dilution of those elements upon yield increases in the nonmycorrhizal treatments. Apart from those, co-application of mycorrhizae, P, and S, resulted in the greatest root yields in both soils, indicating the potential to increase the shoot yield, too, in a longer growth period.
Effects of Rootstocks on Some Growth Parameters, Phosphorous and Nitrogen Uptake Watermelon under Salt Stress
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2009) Uygur, Veli; Yetisir, Halit
The uptake of phosphorous (P) and nitrogen (N) and some growth parameters of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai] cultivar 'Crimson Tide', grafted on gourd rootstock (Lagenaria siceraria) landraces and Cucurbita maxima, grown under five different saline conditions for 30 days were investigated. Salinity stress was induced by continuous irrigation with saline water having electrical conductivity (EC) of 0.5, 4, 8, 12, and 16 dS/m. Grafted watermelons showed better growth performance than non-grafted ones. Nutrient uptake was significantly affected by rootstocks and salinity levels. Salinity stress has resulted in an increase in P content of shoots as much as two fold. Total N uptake by shoots of both non-grafted and grafted watermelon on gourds gradually decreased above 8 dS/m salinity. This investigation showed that grafted plants had a better performance than the non-grafted watermelon cultivar. Therefore, gourds, especially those of Lagenaria type, may be used as a rootstock for watermelon under saline conditions.
Estimating spatial distribution of soil loss over Seyhan River Basin in Turkey
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2007) Irvem, Ahmet; Topaloglu, Fatih; Uygur, Veli
The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of annual soil loss; soil loss in Seyhan River Basin using USLE model. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to generate maps of the USLE factors which are rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibitity (K), slope length and steepness (LS), cover (C) and conservation practices (P) factors. By integrating these maps in GIS, spatial distribution of soil loss over the Seyhan River Basin was obtained. Annual average soil loss for the Seyhan River Basin was 16.38 t ha(-1) y(-1). Annual soil loss more than 200 t ha(-1) y(-1) in pixel level was in the southern region, white the northern region showed the lower annual values. These results are verified by comparing sediment yield measurements in the basin. An area about 198.25 km(2) (0.96%) experiences extremely severe erosion risk, which needs suitable conservation measures to be adopted on a priority basis. The spatial distribution of erosion risk classes estimated 61.03% very low, 8.76% low, 23.52% moderate, 4.03% severe and 1.70% very severe. Thus, the USLE model was used in a GIS environment to identify regions susceptible to water erosion and needing immediate soil conservation planning and application in the Seyhan River Basin in Turkey. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Implications of climate change for evaporation from bare soils in a Mediterranean environment
(Springer, 2008) Aydin, Mehmet; Yano, Tomohisa; Evrendilek, Fatih; Uygur, Veli
The purpose of this study was to predict quantitative changes in evaporation from bare soils in the Mediterranean climate region of Turkey in response to the projections of a regional climate model developed in Japan (hereafter RCM). Daily RCM data for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETr) and soil evaporation were obtained for the periods of 1994-2003 and 2070-2079. Potential evaporation (E-p) from bare soils was calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation with a surface resistance of zero. Simulation of actual soil evaporation (E-a) was carried out using Aydin model (Aydin et al., Ecological Modelling 182:91-105, 2005) combined with Aydin and Uygur (2006, A model for estimating soil water potential of bare fields. In Proceedings of the 18th International Soil Meeting (ISM) on Soils Sustaining Life on Earth, Managing Soil and Technology, Sanliurfa, 477-480pp.) model of predicting soil water potential at the top surface layer of a bare soil, after performances of Aydin model (R-2 = 94.0%) and Aydin and Uygur model (R-2 = 97.6) were tested. The latter model is based on the relations among potential soil evaporation, hydraulic diffusivity, and soil wetness, with some simplified assumptions. Input parameters of the model are simple and easily obtainable such as climatic parameters used to compute the potential soil evaporation, average diffusivity for the drying soil, and volumetric water content at field capacity. The combination of Aydin and Aydin and Uygur models appeared to be useful in estimating water potential of soils and E-a from bare soils, with only a few parameters. Unlike ETr and E-p projected to increase by 92 and 69 mm (equivalent to 8.0 and 7.3% increases) due to the elevated evaporative demand of the atmosphere, respectively, E-a from bare soils is projected to reduce by 50 mm (equivalent to a 16.5% decrease) in response to a decrease in rainfall by 46% in the Mediterranean region of Turkey by the 2070s predicted by RCM, and consequently, to decreased soil wetness in the future.
LEAF MINERAL COMPOSITION OF 'NOVA', 'ROBINSON' AND 'FREMONT' MANDARIN CULTIVARS ON DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2010) Toplu, Celil; Uygur, Veli; Kaplankiran, Mustafa; Demirkeser, T. Hakan; Yildiz, Ercan
Rootstock selection has a critical importance for mineral nutrition of budded cultivars. This study was conducted at the experimental farm of Mustafa Kemal University, Dorlyol, Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sour orange, Troyer and Carrizo citrange rootstocks on the leaf nutrient contents of 'Nova', 'Robinson', and 'Fremont' mandarin cultivars in the 2004 and 2005 growing seasons. Carrizo citrange was examined for nitrogen (N), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and manganese (Mn); Troyer citrange for iron (Fe); and sour orange for calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) were superior on the others. Nitrogen, phosphorus (P) and Mg levels of mandarin leaf budded on sour orange were under or just above the deficiency threshold. Potassium, Mn, and Zn content of 'Robinson'; P, Ca and Fe content of 'Fremont'; and Cu content of 'Nova' were statistically higher. Therefore, it can be concluded that Carrizo rootstock may be suggested for the region and regions with similar ecological conditions.
Leaf Mineral Composition of Olive Varieties and Their Relation to Yield and Adaptation Ability
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2009) Toplu, Celil; Uygur, Veli; Yildiz, Ercan
The amount of yield and adaptation of a cultivar to a new environment is strongly related to nutrient uptake ability. The aim of this study was to compare nutrient uptake ability of 21 local and/or standard olive varieties grown under Mediterranean climatic conditions. Elemental compositions of olive leaves were determined for two consecutive years. The highest yields were obtained from 'Gemlik', 'Manzanilla', 'Memecik', and 'Hojiblanca' varieties. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn) content of leaves were comparatively higher in the high-yielding year (2004) whereas iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) contents were lower. Nutrient uptake ability and usage efficiency of olive varieties were different. Mineral composition of leaves was variety dependent and different groups of varieties showed higher leaf concentration for each element. Therefore, it can be concluded that the variation in the nutrient uptake ability may be used as a criterion for adaptation of a variety to a new ecological environment.
Mapping of total nitrogen, available phosphorous and potassium in Amik Plain, Turkey
(Springer, 2010) Uygur, Veli; Irvem, Ahmet; Karanlik, Sema; Akis, Rifat
Soil nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium concentrations accurately revealed spatial distribution maps and site-specific management-prone areas through inverse distance weighting (IDW) method in the Amik Plain, Turkey. Spatial mapping of soil nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium is a very severe need to develop an economically and environmentally sound soil management plans. The objectives of this study were (a) to map spatial variability of total N, available P, and exchangeable-K content of Amik Plain's soils and (b) to locate problematic areas requiring site specific management strategies for the nutrient elements. Spatial analyses of Kjeldhal-N, Olsen-P, and exchangeable-K concentrations of the soils were performed by the IDW method. Mean N content for surface soils (0-20 cm) was 1.38 g kg(-1), available P was 28.19 kg ha(-1) and exchangeable-K was 690 kg ha(-1) with the differences between maximum and minimum being 7.63 g N kg(-1), 242 kg P ha(-1), and 2,082 kg K ha(-1). For the surface soil, site-specific management-prone areas of Kjeldahl-N, Olsen-P, and exchangeable-K for low and high + very high'' classes were found to be 20.1-17.8%, 24.7-10.0%, and 4.1-39.6%, respectively. Consequently, lands with excessive nutrient elements require preventive-leaching practices, whereas nutrient-poor areas need fertilizer applications in favor of increasing plant production.
Phosphate Sorption in Calcareous Soils: The Role of Iron Oxide and Carbonates
(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2009) Uygur, Veli
Carbonate and oxides minerals in calcareous soils are known to fix large amount of phosphorus in soils. Phosphate adsorption in and and semi and regions' soils is very complex due to heterogenity of soil matrix, different phosphorus adsorption ability of soil components and interrelations among the soil components. In this paper equilibrium adsorption isotherms have been obtained for better understanding about the role of carbonate and iron oxides on the behaviour of phosphorus in calcareous soils with large range of carbonate and Fe-oxides content by sequential removal of relevant soil components. Statistical analysis showed that data have well conformed both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. After removal of soil carbonates that increased the relative content of iron oxides as compared whole soil, the amount of sorbed phosphorus considerabley decreased by 33.9-69.3% and after removal of iron oxides some increase or decrease was observed depending on the soil characteristics. Results suggested that soil carbonates permanently affect the phosphorus adsorption, while iron oxides are to reduce phosphorus adsorption in alkaline soils of and regions.
Phosphorous sorption in some great soil groups of semi-arid region of Turkey
(2008) Bilgili, Ali Volkan; Uygur, Veli; Karaca, Siyami; Usta, Sadik; Dengiz, Orhan; Aydemir, Salih
Removal of fertilizer phosphorous by adsorption and precipitation processes is an important factor for yield loss in low input soils of arid and semi-arid regions. The phosphate sorption characteristics of surface and subsurface horizons of four semi-arid region soils and their relationships with soil chemical and physical properties were investigated. Two sorption sites were identified. The adsorption capacity was greater for region 1 while bonding energy was higher for region 2 sites. The adsorption maxima (b1) of the low concentration range (region-I) was 625-1250 ?g P/g and adsorption energy coefficient k1 ranged between 0.159-0.800 mL ?g -1. The calculated b and k values of high concentration range (region-II) were not treated as real adsorption parameters, because as the concentration increased, the data weakly confirmed Langmuir isotherm. This revealed the fact that Langmuir isotherm can be applied to phosphorous adsorption in soils and soil materials to a limited extent. Adsorption maximum of soils for P were found to be greater for soils and horizons high in CaCO 3, clay and CEC. Statistically significant positive relationships were found between adsorption maximum and CaCO3, clay and CEC whereas important negative relationships were found between adsorption capacity and organic matter, sand, Fe2O3 and Al2O 3 content of soils. © 2008 Academic Journals Inc.
Phosphorous uptake of Gourds species and watermelon under different salt stress
(2006) Uygur, Veli; Yetisir, Halit
Phosphorous uptake of 7 different gourd genotypes [Cucurbita maxima, C. moschata, Luffa cylindrica, Benincasa hispida, Lagenaria siceraria landraces (SKP and BR) and Lagenaria siceraria hybrid (FRGold)] and a watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai] cultivar Crimson Tide grown under five different saline conditions for 30 days was investigated. Salinity stress was induced by continuous irrigation with saline water having EC of 0.5, 4, 8, 12 and 16 dS m-1. P uptake was affected by plant species and salinity levels. Salinity stress has resulted in an increase in P content of gourd leaves. For example, P content of BR at 16 dS m-1 was three times higher than that of control (0.5 dS m-1) whereas salt resistant genotypes such as C. moshata and maxima showed little increase. Results showed that smaller change in P content could be an indication of stronger resistance to salinity stress, since excessive P uptake under salinity stress may cause P toxicity. © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
Phytoremediative potential of tobacco under deficit irrigation conditions for Ni-polluted soil
(HARD Publishing Company, 2014) Dağhan, Hatice; Uygur, Veli; Önder, Derya; Önder, Sermet
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of reclaiming Ni-polluted soils by phytoremediation under deficit irrigation conditions. Tobacco, Nicotiana rustica, was grown for 6 weeks at four different irrigation rates (100, 80, 60, and 40% of irrigation requirement) and four nickel concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 200 mg Ni?kg-1 soil) applied from NiSO4. Nickel toxicity, water stress symptoms, dry shoot biomass, Ni concentration, and Ni uptake were followed. Neither Ni treatment nor water stress-induced Ni toxicity were observed, and there was no treatment-induced difference in chlorophyll content of leaves. With the increasing Ni application, there was a gradual increase in Ni concentration of the shoots from the 40% irrigation through 100% irrigation. As a result, the ability of tobacco to accumulate Ni at high concentration can enable it to be used for phytoremediation of Ni-polluted soils despite the fact that water deficit limits Ni accumulation to some extent. © 2014, Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. All Rights Reserved.
Plant Growth and mineral element content of different gourd species and watermelon under salinity stress
(2009) Yetişir, Halit; Uygur, Veli
Crimson Tide karpuz [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai] çeşidi ve karpuza anaçlık potansiyeli olan 7 farklı kabak genotipi [Cucurbita maxima, C. moschata, Luffa cylindrica, Benincasa hispida, Lagenaria siceraria (Skp ve Birecik) köy çeşidi ve L. siceraria melezi (FRGold)] 30 gün tuzlu (0, 4, 8, 12 ve 16 dS m-1) koşullarda yetiştirilerek tuz stresine tepkileri belirlenmiştir. Bitki ana gövde uzunluğu, kök kuru ağırlığı, yaprak ve gövde kuru ağırlığı, bitki kuru ağırlığındaki azalma, yapraklardaki Na+, Ca2+ ve K+ konsantrasyonu, Ca2+/Na+ ve K+/Na+ oranları belirlenmiştir. Kabak genotipleri tuzlu koşullarda incelenen bütün parametrelere farklı tepkiler vermişlerdir. L. cylindrica ve B. hispida hariç bütün kabak genotipleri tuz stresinden karpuza göre bitki gelişimi açısından daha az etkilenmişlerdir. İyon regülasyonu bakımından kabak genotipleri ve karpuz arasında önemli farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Tuz uygulaması ile birlikte yapraktaki Na+ konsantrasyonu yükselmiştir. L. cylindrica’nın yapraklarında Na+ birikimi önemli bir artış gösterirken, en düşük Na+ içeriği Birecik ve C. maxima’da belirlenmiştir. Tuz stresi altında, B. hispida ve L. cylindrica, karpuz ve diğer kabak genotiplerinden daha fazla Na+ biriktirmişlerdir. Ca2+/Na+ and K+/Na+ oranları tuz uygulaması ile birlikte önemli derecede azalmıştır. Azalma genotipe göre değişmiştir. Yüksek bitki kuru ağırlığına sahip olan genotipler, yüksek Ca2+/Na+ ve K+/Na+ oranlarına sahip olmuşlardır. Bitki büyüme parametreleri ile Ca2+/Na+ ve K+/Na+ oranları arasında önemli pozitif korelasyonlar bulunurken, Na+ içeriği ile önemli negatif korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Cucurbita ve Lagenaria türleri tuz stresine, L. cylindrica, B. hispida ve karpuza göre daha yüksek tolerans göstermiştir.
Protective Effect of Ellagic Acid on Paraquat-induced Kidney Hazards in Rats
(Iranian Soc Nephrolgy, 2017) Silfeler, Ibrahim; Alp, Harun; Dorum, Bayram Ali; Nacar, Emel; Arslan, Selda; Uygur, Veli
Introduction. Paraquat is a commonly used highly toxic herbicide. Despite many studies on detoxification of paraquat, an efficient and safe antidote has not been introduced for toxic cases in human being. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) on paraquat-induced kidney hazards in rats. Materials and Methods. Sixty rats were randomly assigned as controls and 5 treatment groups (n = 10 each) receiving EA only, paraquat at doses of 15 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg, and paraquat at the same doses plus EA. Paraquat was intraperitoneally injected and the EA was orally given. Kidney tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histopathologic investigation. Results. Pathologic scoring showed that paraquat at the higher dose was associated with higher scores than the in the controls, EA group, and the high-dose paraquat group with EA treatment (P < .001 for all comparisons). It was noted that paraquat caused a serious damage in the kidney and the EA treatment significantly reduced the extent of the damage. Conclusions. This study showed the protective effects of EA against paraquat-induced nephrotoxicity histologically. Ellagic acid provided significant improvement in glomerular and tubular structure.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SOIL AND SELENIUM SPECIATIONS FROM AMIK PLAIN, TURKEY
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2022) Ozkan, Abdullah; Uygur, Veli; Sungur, Sana; Ozkan, Vildan
The occurrence of selenium (Se) in natural soils is a double-edged sword due to the slight differences between essential, beneficial, and toxic levels of selenium. Therefore, it is crucial to have knowledge about selenium's geochemical speciation. This study was undertaken to determine the relationships between the concentrations of Se species and some key physicochemical characteristics of soils from Amik Plain in Turkey. The species of Se were examined in 179 agricultural surface soil samples by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS) after sequentially extracting different geochemical fractions. The total Se concentration range in the soils was 148.5-3800 mu g kg(-1) and there was a tendency to higher concentrations in the former lake lands and the sand/silt/limestone lithology. The Pearson's correlation and principal component analysis showed that Se concentrations correlated significantly with soil texture, electrical conductivity, clay content, organic matter, ammonium acetate extractable cations, and calcium carbonate equivalent. Keeping in mind that the partition of Se is highly site dependent, the order of average Se fractions were: exchangeable and carbonatebound Se (14.75 3800 mu g kg(-1); 3.65%) < soluble Se (29.503800 mu g kg(-1); 6.67%) < iron /manganese oxide-bound Se (47.89 3800 mu g kg(-1); 9.82%) < residual Se (181.7 3800 mu g kg(-1); 34.23%) < organic matterbound and elemental Se (238.3 3800 mu g kg(-1); 45.64%). The overall data indicated that solute and/or solid transport phenomena were most likely the primary driving mechanism for Se concentrations in soils. This study provides useful data for the distribution of Se and the geochemical distribution of Se species in Amik Plain soils.

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