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    DETERMINING FACTORS AFFECTING OF THE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL OF OLDER ADULTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
    (2023) Uysal, Halil Hakan; Hüzmeli, İrem; Yılmaz, Yurdagül; Demir, Mustafa Batuhan; Hüzmeli, Esra Doğru; Çavlak, Uğur
    Objective: Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the physical and psychological conditions of the elderly. This study was planned to determine the factors affecting the physical activities of elderly individuals living in Turkey. Method: In this study, frailty level (Fragility Scale), depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS]), physical activity level (PASE Questionnaire), kinesiophobia (TAMPA Scale), and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Scale) of elderly individuals were evaluated by a structured Google survey. Regression analysis was used to determine the factors affecting the level of physical activity. Results: While 52% of the participants (28% male; 72% female; mean age: 69.34±15.03 years) stated that they were less physically active, 93% stated that their social participation decreased during the pandemic process. The mean physical activity score was 89.12±55.33 (the highest score was calculated for indoor activities: 32.00±21.34; the lowest score was calculated for work-related activities: 2.10±6.33). Kinesiophobia score was 41.44±7.39. Approximately half of the participants were in the category of “guarantees a comprehensive assessment for depression”, while 18% were in the category of “suggesting depression” and 30% were in the category of “no depression” (GDS mean score: 14.41±6.01). In addition, it was determined that 29% of the elderly had severe anxiety, 25% had moderate anxiety, and 24% had mild anxiety. The mean frailty score was 2.09±1.69 (normal 19%; pre-fragile 53%; frail 28%). According to univariate linear regression analysis and multiple regression analysis, the most factors affecting the level of physical activity were age, BMI score, fear of movement and fragility. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study showed that the physical activity level of the elderly decreased in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, increasing age, BMI score, kinesiophobia and fragility caused a decrease in the physical activity level of the elderly. These findings suggest that health policy makers and health care providers should organize appropriate care plans for the elderly after the pandemic period.
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    Normal hip, knee and ankle range of motion in the Turkish population
    (2014) Hallaçeli, Hasan; Uruç, Vedat; Uysal, Halil Hakan; Özden, Raif; Hallaçeli, Çiğdem; Soyuer, Ferhan; İnce Parpucu, Tuba; Yengil, Erhan; Cavlak, Uğur
    Objective: The aim of this study was to ascertain the effect of gender and cultural habits on hip, knee and ankle range of motion (ROM) and to determine the differences between the ROM of right and left side symmetric joints of the lower extremities. Methods: The study included 987 (513 males and 474 females) healthy volunteers. Individuals with a history of illness, prior surgery or trauma involving any joint of either lower extremity were excluded from the study. The terminology and techniques of measurements used were those suggested by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. Results: Left side passive hip flexion and active internal rotation was higher than the right side. Passive flexion of the hip joint was higher in male subjects and internal and external rotation was higher in female subjects. In the knee joint, passive extension was higher in males. Plantarflexion and inversion of the ankle joint were higher in male subjects and dorsiflexion and eversion were higher in female subjects. The differences were considered insignificant in clinical terms as all were less than 3 degrees. Conclusion: There is no clinically significantly difference between right and left side hip, knee and ankle joints ROM. Gender and cultural habits do not appear to have clinically significantly effects on lower extremity joint ROM.