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    A comparison of the performance of conventional and eco-friendly extraction methods in the evaluation of total phenolics, antioxidant activity, and chemical composition of anise
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Nasir, Abir; Yabalak, Erdal; Gizir, A. Murat; Sangun, M. Kemal
    In this work, the essential oil of Pimpinella anisum seeds was obtained by six different extraction methods. In the chemical composition analysis, 4, 6, 4, 1, 20, and 8 compounds were detected in the extracts obtained by Soxhlet, Ultrasonic-assisted (UAE), hydrodistillation using Clevenger apparatus (HDC), subcritical water extraction (SWE), supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (ScCO2) using three solvents (methanol (ScCO2-Met), ethanol (ScCO2-Et), and hexane (ScCO2-H)) and supercritical 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (ScR134a) methods, respectively. Also, the performances of the applied methods were compared by analysing the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the extracts. Anethole was the main component of all extracts obtained by SWE (94.5%) and Soxhlet (94.5%) methods, respectively. Also, TPC values were the highest (508.5 mg GAE/100 g kb) in ScR134a extract and the lowest (27.77 mg GAE/100 g kb) in HDC extracts. The antioxidant capacity was found to be the highest in ScCO2-H (IC50 = 1.58 mg/mL) and the lowest in Soxhlet extracts (IC50 = 0.07 mg/mL). The results showed the great effectiveness of eco-friendly extraction SWE, ScCO2-Et, and ScR134a methods.
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    Unlocking nature's potential: anticancer potential of Helichrysum sanguineum (L.) Kostel on breast cancer cells and its chemical composition
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Yabalak, Erdal; Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Yetkin, Derya; Yaldiz, Fadile Defne; Turkseven, Cagatay Han
    Helichrysum sanguineum (L.) Kostel (H. sanguineum), a member of the Asteraceae family, has been traditionally employed for various medicinal purposes owing to its rich phytochemical composition. This study investigates the anticancer properties of various extracts of H. sanguineum (ethanol, acetonitrile, hexane, and chloroform) against breast cancer cells, shedding light on its chemical constituents and their potential therapeutic effects. In vitro assays demonstrate the profound inhibitory effects of H. sanguineum extract on human fibroblast and breast cancer cells. Furthermore, we elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action, revealing its ability to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity and apoptosis outcomes in breast cancer cells varied across different extracts, yet no adverse effects were observed on healthy cells at equivalent concentrations. Furthermore, all extracts initially promoted breast cancer cell proliferation, with the chloroform extract notably reducing cancer cell proliferation even at low concentrations. GC-MS analysis identifies the major chemical constituents of the extract, including flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds, which likely contribute to its anticancer activity. Our findings highlight the potential of H. sanguineum extract as a natural agent for breast cancer treatment and the need for further exploration of its mechanisms and clinical applications.