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Öğe Determination of technical efficiency in laying hen farms in Turkey: a case study of Hatay Province(Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Administracao, 2022) Parlakay, Oguz; cimrin, Tulay; Tapki, Nuran; Akpinar, Gulsen copur; Yildirim, HakanThis research was conducted in the province of Hatay, which hosts a concentrated trading activity comprising of maritime and road transport activities as well as border trade and which is strategically significant due to its geographical location. This research aims to calculate and evaluate the technical efficiency scores of laying hen farms established in Hatay province in southern Turkey. For this purpose, research data were collected from 22 poultry egg enterprises operating in the province of Hatay using the Census method. Research data were analyzed using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, which is often referred for the measurement of efficiency. Socio-economic factors affecting technical efficiency scores were determined using the Tobit Regression model. Mean technical efficiency score, in the analysis, was computed as 0.95 using DEA - Constant Return to Scale (CRS) and 0.98 using DEA -Variable Return to Scale (VRS). The poultry egg enterprises examined have been determined to produce the same level of output when reducing the inputs used in the current production technology by 5% and 3% respectively in accordance with the DEA-CRS and DEA-VRS approaches. Socio-economic variables that are thought to have a statistically significant effect on the efficiency scores of the poultry egg enterprises were determined as education level and experience of the farmer; i.e. it has been determined that farmers with a lower formal education level and more experienced farmers are tend to be more efficient. As a result, it has been concluded that poultry egg enterprises operating in Hatay province are working efficiently in terms of both input use and economies of scale. Inefficient enterprises have been determined to have higher costs and higher labor utilization rates. It can be suggested that the workforce should be better organized regarding the measures that should be taken to ensure the full efficiency of laying hen farms operating in poultry egg production industry. Based on the conclusion that more experienced farmers are more efficient although they have lower formal education levels, it is suggested that the efficiency of the poultry egg farmers may be scaled up by organizing training programs that will improve their level of knowledge.Öğe Determination of the Effect of Age of Broiler Breeders on General Performance, Egg Interior-Exterior Quality and Some Incubation Features(ISRES Publishing, 2019) Yildirim, Hakan; Akcimen, ZekeriyeIn this study, the effect of age on the performance of broiler breeders, egg interior-exterior quality and hatching characteristics were determined. The study was conducted on a total of 6900 broiler on Ross 308 genotype. In addition to this, the rate of male-females was 1/10, and 690 cocks were used. Broilers were divided into 3 treatment groups (23-34, 35-49, 50-61 weeks). Under each age treatment 4 replicates and 575 birds with similar live weights were coincidentally placed. The study continued for a total of 39 weeks, starting at 23 weeks of age and up to 61 weeks of age. During the experiment, 1170 eggs were collected on the same day each week for the purpose of determining 30 egg internal-external quality characteristics. In the study, the effect of age on egg yield, feed consumption, feed convertion ratio, live weight, egg weight, shell thickness, shell weight, shape index, yolk index, white index, Haugh unit, fertilization rate, infertil egg ratio, hatchability of fertil egg, embryo deaths, hatching efficiency, number of double yolked egg, number of thin shelled egg, number of nonhatching egg was significant (P <0.05), while the effect on shell breaking resistance and number of dirty eggs was not significant (P> 0.05). According to the findings of the study, age was found to be an effective factor on performance, egg quality and hatching characteristics. © 2019 Published by ISRES.Öğe Disc Rehydration after Dynamic Stabilization: A Report of 59 Cases(Korean Soc Spine Surgery, 2017) Yilmaz, Atilla; Senturk, Salim; Sasani, Mehdi; Oktenoglu, Tunc; Yaman, Onur; Yildirim, Hakan; Suzer, TuncerStudy Design: A retrospective study investigating decrease in the nucleus pulposus signal intensity or disc height on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and disc degeneration. Purpose: Although a degenerated disc cannot self- regenerate, distraction or stabilization may provide suitable conditions for rehydration and possible regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes and disc regeneration via MRI in a series of patients with degenerative disc disease (DDD) who underwent lumbar stabilization with a dynamic stabilization system (DSS). Overview of Literature: A dynamic system provides rehydration during early DDD. Methods: Fifty- nine patients (mean age, 46.5 years) who undedwent stabilization with DSS for segmental instability (painful black disc) between 2004 and 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. All patients underwent MRI preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration grades at the implanted segment were categorized using the Pfirrmann classification system. Patients were followed for a mean of 6.4 years, and clinical outcomes were based on visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores. Results: Significant improvements in back pain VAS and ODI scores from before surgery (7 and 68%, respectively) were reported at 6 (2.85 and 27.4%, respectively) and 12 months postoperatively (1.8 and 16.3%, respectively). Postoperative IVD changes were observed in 28 patients. Improvement was observed in 20 patients (34%), whereas progressive degeneration was observed in eight patients (13.5%). Thirty- one patients (52.5%) exhibited neither improvement nor progression. Single Pfirrmann grade improvements were observed in 29% of the patients and two- grade improvements were observed in 5%. Conclusions: Our observations support the theory that physiological movement and a balanced load distribution are necessary for disc regeneration. We conclude that DSS may decelerate the degeneration process and appears to facilitate regeneration.Öğe The Effect of Dried Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas) Vines on Egg Yolk Color and some Egg Yield Parameters(Friends Science Publ, 2011) Kaya, Serafettin; Yildirim, HakanEffects of dried vines powder of sweet potato cultivars 'Hatay Beyazi', 'Hatay Kirmizi' and 'Beauregard' on egg yolk color were determined in layers aged 44-52 week. In this study, 176 layers were equally divided into 11 groups including negative control (no pigments), positive control (commercial layer diet) and three sweet potato varieties with three doses (3 x 3) at 15, 20, 25 mg/kg total xanthophylls. The internal and external quality characteristics of the Monday and Thursday eggs were recorded. Egg yolk score were classified by visual with Roche Color Fan (RCF) and Minolta refractometer. Egg production, feed intake, live weight and feed conversion ratio were calculated weekly. The highest RCF value 3.96 was obtained from those fed with 'Hatay Kirmizi'. The greatest a and b values were recovered at the 25 mg/kg dose of 'Hatay Kirmizi' compared to the other sources. In conclusion, to obtain the desired level of RCF values in the egg yolk, the dried vines powder of 'Hatay Kirmizi' having natural carotenoid content can be used as a natural pigmenter in layer diet. (C) 2011 Friends Science PublishersÖğe Effects of a semi-intensive raising system on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of broiler chicks(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Kaya, Serafettin; Yildirim, HakanThe present study was carried out to compare the growth performance and carcass yield of broiler chickens reared in semi-intensive and conventional systems (Ross 308, n=120). Chickens were raised in a pen on wooden shavings for 21 days. On day 21 of age, chicks were assigned to 2 treatments (indoor treatment and semi-intensive treatment). The experiment was conducted at until 6 weeks of age. Production system has a significant effect on wing (P<0.05) and heart weight (P<0.01), but has no any effect on final body weight, hot or cold carcass weight, thigh, breast, back and neck, gizzard, liver and abdominal fat weights (P>0.05). The final body weight, hot and cold carcass weight, thigh, wings and heart weights were affected by sex of birds (p<0.05) while breast, back, liver, gizzard and abdominal fat were not affected by sex (P>0.05). The nutrient level of carcass parts was not influenced by production system or sex (P>0.05). In our study, breast of birds reared under semi-intensive system had significantly lower 'L' (P<0.05), higher 'a' statistically different (P<0.01); while 'b' value was significantly (P<0.01) higher in skin of semi-intensive reared birds.
