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Öğe Determination of the leadership styles of the trainers(Sila Science, 2012) Ulukan, Mehmet; Sahan, Hasan; Yildirim, Yunus; Yildiz, MustafaThe aim of this study is to research by determining the leadership styles of the trainers who trained individual athletes in the amateur sports clubs. The surveying group consists of 64 trainers who train the individual athletes, working in Karaman and Konya provinces of a country, Turkey. Firstly, present data, related to the aim of the search, is given systematically by scanning literature. Thus, a theoretical frame is formed about the subject. At the end of the study, it is observed that trainers work in Konya and Karaman and train individual sportsmen behaving autocratic leadership. Besides, when there is a meaningful relation between gender and class, there is not a difference between social comparison levels and gender levels. It can be said with this information that women trainers give more importance to sensitive devotion to provide labor unity than men by tending like a family.Öğe Evaluation Of The Correlation Between Organizational Citizenship, And Organizational Stress And Exhaustion Levels Of The Physical Education Teachers(Marsland Press, 2013) Yildirim, YunusThe aim of the present study was to determine the correlations between organizational citizenship, and organizational stress and exhaustion levels of the physical education teachers. For the study which was conducted using relational screening model; questionnaire forms were administered to the 311 physical education teachers who worked in Hatay Province. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18 package program. For the data analyses; correlation and regression models were investigated. When the data obtained were examined, it was found out that there was a positive correlation between physical education teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors and workload (r: 0.528), skill-utilization (r: 0.510), participation in decision-making (r: 0.535) and social support (r: 0.620) subscales of Organizational Stress Inventory. On the other hand, it was noted that there was a positive correlation between physical education teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors and personal accomplishment/failure (r: 0.621) subscales of Burnout Inventory whereas a negative correlation existed between physical education teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors and emotional burnout and depersonalization (r: -0.351) subscales of Burnout Inventory. It was understood that Organizational Stress Inventory and Burnout Inventory accounted for 48% of altruism, 43% of conscientiousness, 45% of courtesy, 32% of sportsmanship, 41% of civic virtue of the organizational citizenship behavior subscales and 59% of general organizational citizenship behaviors. It was seen that social support and workload subscales of Organizational Stress Inventory, and depersonalization and personal accomplishment/failure subscales of Burnout Inventory were predictive of general organizational behaviors of physical education teacher.Öğe An examination of physical education teachers in terms of their organizational citizenship behaviors and organizational loyalty according to some demographic variables(Elsevier Science Bv, 2012) Yildirim, Yunus; Uzum, Hanifi; Yildirim, IrfanThe purpose of this study is to examine the physical education teachers for their organizational citizenship behaviors and their organizational loyalty according to some demographic variables. A survey has been applied to physical education teachers in Hatay Province for this study which was conducted with the relational screening model. In total, questionnaires of 311 physical education teachers -81 females and 230 males -were taken into evaluation. Data have been analyzed through SPSS 15.0, Minitab 13.20 V. and STATISTICA 7.0 software. Level of significance has been determined as 0.05 in the study. Data have been evaluated and interpreted according to confidence interval of 95% and level of significance of % 5. It was figured out in the study that organizational loyalty of physical education teachers influence their organizational citizenship behaviors, male physical education teachers display lower organizational behaviors than females do and those in lower positions display lower organizational behaviors than those in higher positions.Öğe Examination of the effect of educational game activities on the levels of creativity of the students attending to elementary schools in Turkey(Sila Science, 2012) Tekin, Murat; Yildiz, Mustafa; Yildirim, Yunus; Mutlu, Osman; Sahan, HasanThe purpose of this study is to examine the effect of educational game activities on the levels of creativity of the students attending to elementary schools in Turkey. The research group consists of a total of 251 students, among which 132 are males and 119 are females, attending to 6th, 7th and 8th grades in Tatarli Cumhuriyet Elementary School and in Tatarli Elementary school, both located in Tatarli county of the city of Afyon ((x) over bar age=13.0319 +/- 1.17). To begin with, the available information pertaining to the purpose of the study has been systematically provided through literature review. By this way a theoretical frame on the subject has been established. Secondly, students were asked to play 2 educational games at the beginning and end of their gym classes for a period of 8 weeks. The games were selected by taking their attention, skill, reaction and agility developing features as basis. a creativity scale was applied both at the beginning and the end of the period of 8 weeks. For data analysis and interpretation, pre-test and final test results have been evaluated by utilizing Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Paired Sample t test, and significance has been taken as p < 0.05. In order to evaluate the data and obtain the calculated values, SPSS packet program has been utilized and (Cronbach Alpha) has been found out to be 0.72. In conclusion, it has been determined that educational games influence the creativity levels of the students attending to elementary schools.Öğe The frequency of mecA and icaA/icaD genes in staphylococci isolated from the ear canal of swimmers(Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2016) Yildirim, Yunus; Duran, Nizami; Duran, Gulay G.BACKGROUND: Staphylococci are the primary causes of external and internal auditory canal infections among other bacterial agents. The ability of disease in staphylococci depend on various virulence factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of mecA genes and slime production in staphylococci isolated from the external auditory canal of the student attending the swimming course. METHODS: This study is a controlled laboratory study. A total of 263 swimming students and 98 voluntaries were included to the study. Cultures were taken from the swimming students' and healthy persons' external ear canal. Methicillin resistance gene (mecA), slime genes and biofilm production in staphylococci were determined by genotypic and phenotypic methods. RESULTS: MecA was positive in 14.4% of all isolates. Whilst the presence of mecA gene in a total of 59 strains of S. aureus was found to be 8.5% in swimmers, this ratio was detected as 16.2% among the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). The presence of the mecA gene among CNS was significantly higher than that of S. aureus isolates (P<0.001). In 206 strains of 263 (78.3%) staphylococci, the presence of icaA and icaD genes was detected as 78.3% in staphylococci among swimmers. This ratio in S. aureus and CNS was 59.3% and 83.8%, respectively. Slime genes in the control group was detected as 63.3%, whereas this rate was statistically significant higher in swimmers (P<0.001). The frequency rates of icaA and icaD genes among S. aureus and CNS in healthy control group were 53.3% and 65.1%, respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The rate of methicillin resistance and slime production in staphylococci and also, the colonization rate of S. aureus within ear canal in the students attending swimming course was found higher than in the healthy volunteers. To prevent outbreaks of swimming pool-associated illness, periodically, athletes should be screened for pathogenic microorganisms such as slime-producing and methicillin resistant staphylococci.Öğe Investigation of NRF-1 Genotypes and ACE Gene Polymorphismin Elite Athletes(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Tumer, Cemil; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Yildirim, Yunus; Demir, Enver Ahmet; Tutuk, Okan; Sefil, Fatih; Duran, Nizami[Abstract Not Available]Öğe A study on level of organizational stress and fatigue in physical education teachers according to various demographic variables(Sila Science, 2012) Yildirim, YunusThis study aims to examine the level of organizational stress and fatigue in physical education teachers in terms of various demographic features. A questionnaire was applied to physical education teachers in Hatay within the framework of this study carried out with relational scanning model. 311 physical education teachers in total took part in this research. The data were analyzed with the help of programs called SPSS 15.0, minitab 13.20 V. and STATISTICA 7.0. The results obtained following the analyses were interpreted in compliance with 5 % significance level and in a 95 % confidence interval. The research findings point out that physical education teachers generally suffer from a high-level of organizational stress but nonetheless their level of fatigue (except for the sub-dimension of individual accomplishment) is quite low. The analyses, carried out in demographic variables, suggest that variables such as age, education and level of income do not differ in level of stress and fatigue but variables such as sex, marital status, course load and seniority do.Öğe Virulence Factors in Staphylococci Isolated From Nasal Cavities of Footballers(Elsevier Science Inc, 2016) Duran, Nizami; Yildirim, Yunus; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Pasa, Ozgur; Kilinc, Cetin; Yildirim, Irfan; Eryilmaz, NaciyeAim: This study aimed to investigate the rate of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin producing Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin (mecA) and slime (icaA/icaD) genes in staphylococcal strains isolated from nasal cavities of footballers. Materials and Methods: Nasal swab samples were taken from each footballers and a healthy control group for the isolation of staphylococcal strains. The polymerase chain reaction technique was used to determine Panton-Valentine Leukocidin, mecA and icaA/icaD genes in staphylococcal isolates. Results: Among 91 S. aureus strains, the presence of mecA gene was detected as 9.9%. This ratio was 17.9% (27 of 151) among the coagulase-negative staphylococci. A significant difference was found between coagulase-negative staphylococci and S. aureus isolates regarding the presence of mecA gene (P < 0.001). As for the genes of the slime, icaA/icaD genes were detected in 198 of 242 (81.8%) strains. The occurrence of slime genes was 91.2% and 89.4% among the S. aureus coagulase and negative staphylococci, respectively (P > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the frequency of the mecA and slime genes when compared with the healthy control group and the football players (P < 0.01). Of 91 isolates, 22 were found to be methicillin resistant by the oxacillin disc diffusion method, whereas the remaining (220) were methicillin susceptible. Methicillin resistance was detected as 14.9% by the polymerase chain reaction method, whereas it was found as 9.1% by phenotypic methods. Conclusions: Early and accurate diagnosis of virulent staphylococcal strains is crucial because the virulent coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive staphylococcal strains in the nasal floras of footballers may be major potential sources of superficial and deep tissue infections.
