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    CARCASS AND MEAT QUALITY OF MALE AND FEMALE WATER BUFFALOES FINISHED UNDER AN INTENSIVE PRODUCTION SYSTEM
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2018) Ekiz, Bulent; Yilmaz, Alper; Yalcintan, Hulya; Yakan, Akin; Yilmaz, Ismail; Soysal, Ihsan
    Carcass and meat quality of male and female Anatolian water buffaloes were investigated using 10 carcasses from each gender. Gender had no influence on carcass characteristics, except warm carcass weight, which was 13% higher in males compared to females. Meat from male water buffaloes had higher ultimate pH and lightness (L*), but lower redness (a*) values than females. Meat samples aged for 21 days had lower values for expressed juice, cooking loss and Warner Bratzler shear force compared with those of 7-day aged ones. Meat samples aged for 21 days had higher L* value at 1 h and 24 h after cutting, a* value at 1 h after cutting compared with those of 7-day aged meat samples. Gender had no effect on meat sensory characteristics. Meat from male water buffaloes had higher proportions of C14:0, C18:3 n-3, C20:2 n-6, C20:3 n-3 and C20:4 n-6 and Sigma n-3 fatty acids and lower Sigma n-6/Sigma n-3 ratio compared with female water buffaloes.
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    Carcass and meat quality of organic lambs compared with lambs reared under traditional and intensive production systems
    (Csiro Publishing, 2016) Kocak, Omur; Ekiz, Bulent; Yalcintan, Hulya; Yakan, Akin; Yilmaz, Alper
    The aim of the study was to compare the meat quality characteristics of male lambs reared under organic (n = 9), intensive (n = 10) and traditional (n = 10) production systems. The average daily gain of organic lambs (121.4 g) was lower than lambs of intensive (161 g) and traditional (157.8 g) systems. Production system had no significant effect on carcass weight and dressing percentage. Differences among production systems for meat pH, drip loss, cooking loss, shear force value and colour characteristics were not significant. Traditional lambs had a higher percentage of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid : saturated fatty acid ratio, whereas organic lambs had the highest percentage of total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the lowest n-6 : n-3 ratio. In accordance with the meat fatty acid composition, meat from the organic and traditional systems used here was healthier than meat from intensive system. But the results of sensory assessment indicate that meat from traditional system was found more acceptable by panellists in terms of flavour intensity, flavour acceptability and overall acceptability when compared with that of organic meat.
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    Finishing performance and meat fatty acid composition of hair goat and saanen × hair goat crossbred (F1 and B1) kids
    (Istanbul University, 2014) Ekiz, Bulent; Yilmaz, Alper; Yakan, Akin; Kaptan, Cuneyt; Hanoglu, Hulya
    In this study; the finishing performance of Hair Goat and Saanen × Hair Goat crossbred (F1 and B1) kids and fatty acid composition of kid meats were investigated comparatively. Nine purebred Hair Goat, seven Saanen × Hair Goat crossbred (F1) and eight Saanen × Hair Goat crossbred (B1) male kids formed the material of this study. The kids were started to fattenning approximately at 75 days of age following a week for adoptation to feed. The finishing period lasted for 8 weeks. At the end of the 56 days in the finishing period the Hair Goat kids, Saanen × Hair Goat crossbred kids (F1 and B1) gained 2.77, 2.82 and 1.39 kg live weight, respectively (P>0.05) and the consumed feed for 1 kg of live weight gain were observed 10.76, 10.31 and 19.94 kg respectively. Between the genotype groups individual saturated fatty acids (SFA) and total SFA rate differences for M. longissimus dorsi were not significant (P>0.05). While monounsaturated fatty acid C17:1 and C18:1 differences were not found significant between the genotype groups (P>0.05); proportion of C14:1 and C16:1 were higher in Hair Goat kids than crossbred kids (P<0.05). The individual polysaturated fatty acid (PUFA), total PUFA, total n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA rate differences were not significant (P<0.05) between Hair Goat kids and Saanen × Hair Goat crossbred kids (F1 and B 1). The PUFA/SFA ratio in Hair Goat and crossbred kids (F1 and B1) were determined as 0.19, 0.29 and 0.29, respectively (P>0.05); also the n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios were found 4.52, 4.37 and 5.26, respectively (P>0.05). These results indicate that crossbreeding of does from Saanen × Hair cross (F1) and purebred Hair Goat genotypes with purebred Saanen bucks did not result in significant alterations in meat fatty acid composition. As a result; for the purpose of increasing the goat kid meat production in Marmara Region, the intensive finishing of Hair Goat kids and Saanen × Hair Goat crossbred kids (F1 and B1) immediately after the weaning at 2.5 months of age is not recommended due to low finishing performance for all genotype groups.