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    Economic analysis of dairy cattle farms in east Mediterranean region of Turkey
    (Revista Brasileira Zootecnia Brazilian Journal Animal Sci, 2016) Yilmaz, Hilal; Gul, Mevlut; Akkoyun, Selcan; Parlakay, Oguz; Bilgili, Mehmet Emin; Vurarak, Yasemin; Hizli, Hatice
    The purpose of this study was to calculate costs of milk production, gross production value, gross margin, absolute profit, and relative profit of dairy cattle farms located in the provinces of east Mediterranean region of Turkey. Primary data were collected from 148 dairy cattle farms designated using the Neyman Stratified Sampling method through surveys. Dairy farms were classified into four groups according to the number of cows. The data belong to the 2012 production season. A single product budget analysis method was used for calculating production costs. According to the results, variable costs amounted to 65.91% of total production costs. Feed cost (86.52%) was the main component of variable costs. The cost of 1 kg of milk, on average, was calculated as USD 0.261. The cost of milk was USD 0.499 on group 1 farms, USD 0.399 on group 2 farms, USD 0.272 on group 3 farms, and USD 0.233 on group 4 farms. Among the farms under study, average gross margin value was negative only on group 1 farm, and positive in all other groups. Absolute profit value was positive only on group 4 farm, and negative in all other groups. The average relative profit of the farms was 0.9067. The expansion of dairy farms could be reached by reducing the feed cost as well as increasing the scale of farms.
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    Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, Toileting Behaviors, and Pelvic Floor Health Knowledge in Younger and Older Women
    (Springer London Ltd, 2024) Karaaslan, Yasemin; Korkut, Zehra; Yilmaz, Hilal; Kazaz, Tanyeli Guneyligil; Celenay, Seyda Toprak
    Introduction and hypothesis The primary aim was to examine the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), toileting behaviors, and pelvic floor health knowledge in younger and older women. The secondary aim was to compare LUTS, toileting behaviors, and pelvic floor health knowledge in younger and older women. Methods The study included 85 younger women and 81 older women. LUTS were evaluated using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Female LUTS (ICIQ-FLUTS), toileting behaviors using Toileting Behavior-Women's Elimination Behaviors (TB-WEB), and pelvic floor health knowledge using the Pelvic Floor Health Knowledge Quiz (PFHKQ). Results In terms of LUTS, the most common symptoms in younger women are urgency (31.8%), bladder pain (28.2%), and frequency of incontinence episodes (35.3%), whereas in older women, the most common symptoms observed are urgency (64.2%), frequency of incontinence episodes (61.7%), intermittency (46.9%), urgency urinary incontinence (58%), and frequency of incontinence episodes (49.4%). Most unhealthy toileting behaviors correlated with LUTS in both groups (p < 0.05). Although a weak negative correlation was detected between ICIQ-FLUTS total score and PFHKQ function in younger women (p < 0.05), no correlation was found in older women (p < 0.05). Whereas premature voiding, straining during voiding, TB-WEB total score were higher in older women than in younger women (p < 0.05), delayed voiding, position preference for voiding, and PFHKQ function/dysfunction scores were higher in younger women than in older women (p < 0.05). Conclusions Within the scope of preventive health services, it may be important to provide informative programs on healthy toileting behaviors and pelvic floor health to women of all ages in order to prevent LUTS.
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    TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF DAIRY CATTLE FARMS IN EAST MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TURKEY
    (Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2018) Gul, Mevlut; Yilmaz, Hilal; Parlakay, Oguz; Akkoyun, Selcan; Bilgili, Mehmet Emin; Vurarak, Yasemin; Hizli, Hatice
    This study aimed to determine the efficiency level of dairy cattle farms in provinces of East Mediterranean Region in Turkey. The data were gathered by questionnaire from 148 dairy farms in the areas of Adana, Osmaniye, Mersin, Hatay and Kahramanmaras. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) method was used to calculate efficiency scores. Our analysis carried out in two steps. Firstly, technical efficiency scores were computed employing an input-oriented DEA. Technical efficiency value was amounted to be 78%. In the second phase, the relationship between the value of defined socio-economic variables and the value of obtained technical efficiency scores were calculated by the Tobit regression analysis. The annual milk production per cow was used in the study as the dependent variable. Concentrates, roughage, health expenditures, other variable expenditures, workforce and capital expenditures were considered per cow as independent variables. 5% statistically meaningful and positive relationship was determined by the value of technical efficiencies and rate of the family labour and herd size. It was decided that artificial insemination and farmer's age had a negative effect on the efficiency and it was at a 10% level, statistically meaningful.