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    Effeciency of Various Supportive Treatments as A Cure for Anaemia in Cattle with Theileriosis
    (Chulalongkorn Univ, 2014) Altug, Nuri; Yuksek, Nazmi; Keles, Ihsan; Ozkan, Cumali; Yoruk, Ibrahim Hakki; Arslan, Sezai
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of various supportive treatments on the restoration of anaemia in theileriosis. A total of 20 cattle infected with theileriosis received intramuscularly a single dose of buparvaquone (2.5 mg/kg(-1) bw) and were divided into 4 equal groups according to the different therapy options: whereas no supportive treatment was applied in group 1, administrations of vitamin B complex, antioxidant vitamins (A, D, E and C), minerals and trace elements were performed in groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Haematological parameters, serum concentrations of antioxidant vitamins, minerals and trace elements as well as serum glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined before treatment and 7 days after in infected animals and compared to control values from 10 healthy cattle. In the theileriosis affected cattle, remarkable decreases in haematocrit values, haemoglobinaemia and platelet counts were associated to decreased serum alpha- / gamma-tocopherol, vitamin C, vitamin B-12, Ca, Mg, Zn, Na, GSH-Px and SOD levels and to increased sideraemia. The iron concentrations remained elevated and some antioxidants (alpha- / gamma-tocopherol and vitamin C concentrations and GSH-Px and SOD activities) decreased in all treated cattle. Haematocrit values, haemoglobinaemia and vitamin B-12 concentrations also remained depressed but maximal increases were recorded in cattle receiving vitamins B as supportive therapy (group 2). In parallel, platelet numeration was significantly restored in all groups, but specifically in group 2. On the other hand, the maximal increases in alpha-tocopherol and Zn concentrations recorded in groups 3 and 4, respectively, were not associated with cure of anaemia. These results show that the most efficient supportive therapy in the cure of anaemia during theileriosis was vitamin B administration.
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    Immunoglobulins and acute phase proteins in Van cats - associations with sex, age, and eye colour
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Coskun, Pinar; Altunok, Vahdettin; Kazak, Filiz; Yuksek, Nazmi
    It was aimed to determine concentrations of plasma immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) and acute phase proteins (alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, serum amyloid A, ceruloplasmin) and the association of these parameters with age, sex, and eye colour in Van cats. Blood plasma of healthy, forty-seven Van cats (Van Cat Home) fed with standard cat food were involved in the study. Cats were divided into four groups based on age (<1, 2 to 2.5, 3 to 4, > 5) and eye colour (amber-amber, amber-blue, blue-amber, and blue-blue eyes described from left to right), and two groups based on sex (male and female). Plasma IgG, IgA, IgM, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, serum amyloid A, and ceruloplasmin concentrations were determined, and the concentrations were found to be 2.20 +/- 0.05 mg/mL, 1.05 +/- 0.04 mg/mL, 2.52 +/- 0.18 mg/mL, 562.00 +/- 14.27 mu g/mL, 1.49 +/- 0.03 mu g/mL, and 2.88 +/- 0.13 mg/dL, respectively. Male Van cats had higher IgA levels than the female cats (P < 0.05). alpha-1 acid glycoprotein concentrations in cats under 1-year-old were higher from that in the other age groups, whereas the significant difference was obtained compared to 2 to 2.5-year-old cats (p < 0.05). IgM concentrations were higher in cats with blue-blue eye colour than in the cats with other eye colours, while statistically significant difference was observed only cats with amber-blue eye colour (p < 0.05). Amber-amber eyed cat plasma ceruloplasmin concentrations were higher from that in the other eye coloured cats while significant difference was determined compared to amber-blue eyed cats (p < 0.05). Plasma immunoglobulins and acute phase proteins were determined and the associations of these parameters with age, sex, and eye colour were examined for the first time in Van cats. These data are thought to be important as reference levels in terms of diagnosis and prognosis.
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    Immunostimulatory Effects of Aloe vera and ?-Glucan on Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses Following Vaccination with Polyvalent Vaccines in Dogs
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2010) Altug, Nuri; Yuksek, Nazmi; Agaoglu, Zahid Tevfik
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Aloe vera and beta-Glucan on lymphocyte subsets, haematological parameters and immunglobulin concentrations following vaccination in dogs. For this purpose, totally 20 street dogs were used. The animals were allocated into five groups. Group 1 consisted of only polyvalent vaccine applied dogs. Group 2 and 3 were only Aloe vera and beta-Glucan applied dogs, respectively. Group 4 and 5 were consisted of polyvalent vaccine in addition to Aloe vera and beta-Glucan applied dogs, respectively. Blood samples were collected before vaccination and after vaccination (AV). Although platelet (PLT) counts in group 1 decreased AV, in all other groups (group 2, 3, 4, 5) it increased. White blood cell (WBC) and peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocyte (PBML) counts (in all groups), peripheral blood polymorphonuclear lymphocyte (PBPL) counts (group 1, 2, 4, 5), neutrophil (group 1, 4, 5), monocyte (group 2, 3, 5), packed cell volume (PCV) ratios (group 2 and 3) and haemoglobin (HGB) concentrations (group 3) increased AV. But, lymphocyte ratios in all groups did not change AV. CD8 T lymphocyte ratios in all groups increased at 7(th) and 14(th) days AV. Although CD3 T lymphocyte ratios in group 1 increased at 7(th) day AV, CD4 T and B lymphocytes ratios did not change AV period. But, both CD3 and CD4 T lymphocytes ratios in all other groups increased at 7th and 14th days AV. Moreover, B lymphocytes ratios in all groups except for group 1 increased AV. On the other hand, B lymphocytes ratios in group 2 and 3 increased only 7(th) day AV, while this increase in group 4 and 5 were present on both 7(th) and 14th days AV. Serum IgM concentrations in group 1 increased only 7(th) day AV, whereas its levels did not change in group 2 and 3. Serum IgG concentrations in group 1, 2 and 3 increased only 14(th) day AV. But, serum IgM and IgG concentrations in group 4 and 5 increased at 7(th) and 14(th) days AV. Administration of Aloe vera and beta-Glucan after vaccination in dogs may stimulate both cellular and humoral immun responses. Additionally, it might have restorative effect on PLT counts.