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Öğe Bir köpekte rostral mandibula kırığının akrilik eksternal fiksatör ile tedavisi(2017) İşler, Cafer Tayer; Yurtal, Ziya; Deveci, Mehmet Yılmaz Zeki; Kırgız, Ömer; Alakuş, İbrahim; Altuğ, Muhammed EnesBu olgu sunumunda, rostral mandibula kırığında akrilik eksternal fiksatör tekniğinin klinik değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıGtır. Olguyu 1 yaGlı, 25 kg ağırlığında, erkek, melez ırk bir köpek oluGturdu. Klinik muayenede sağ mandibulada deformasyon, aGırı ağrı ve ağızda salivasyon görüldü. Radyografik muayenede sağ mandibulanın rostralinde unilateral kırık belirlendi. Cerrahi iGlemler ksilazin-ketamin anestezisiyle gerçekleGtirildi. Kırık fiksasyonu fragmentlerin redüksiyonundan sonra transmandibular 6 adet steinmann pin yerleGtirilerek eksternal fiksator ile sağlandı. Steinmann pinlerin dıGarıda kalan uçlarına plastik bir boru yerleGtirildi ve boru içine metilmetakrilat monemerinden hazırlanan akrilik enjekte edildi. Plastik borunun içindeki akrilik üç beG dakika sonra sertleGerek tam bir rijit fiksasyon sağlandı. Çene hareketleri ve maloklüzyon olup olmadığı kontrol edildi. Operasyondan sonraki radyografiler kırık fiksasyonunun düzgün bir Gekilde sağlandığını gösterdi. Operasyondan 2 ay sonra eksternal fiksatör uzaklaGtırıldı. Postoperatif herhangi bir komplikasyona rastlanmadı.Öğe Ebselen, an Active Seleno-Organic Compound, Alleviates Articular Cartilage Degeneration in a Rat Model of Knee Osteoarthritis(Springernature, 2023) Okuyan, Hamza Malik; Yurtal, Ziya; Karaboga, Ihsan; Kacmaz, Filiz; Kalacı, AydınerOsteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent articular disease mainly characterized by extracellular matrix degradation, apoptosis, and inflammation, which lead to cartilage destruction and abnormal bone metabolism. With undesirable side effects, current limited symptomatic treatments are aimed at relieving pain and improving joint mobility in patients with OA. Intra-articular (IA) hyaluronic acid (HA) injection, as a nonsurgical therapy, is commonly used in the clinical management of knee OA, but the efficacy of this therapeutic option remains controversial. Ebselen has tremendous pharmacological importance for some diseases due to its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory features. However, there is no research examining the therapeutic effect of Ebselen in OA using the rat OA model. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of Ebselen on cartilage degeneration and its role in bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) signaling in the molecular pathogenesis of OA. We induced a knee OA model in rats with an IA injection of monosodiumiodoacetate (MIA). After the treatment of Ebselen, we evaluated its chondroprotective effects by morphological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical methods and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We report for the first time that Ebselen treatment alleviated articular cartilage degeneration in the rat knee OA model and reduced MIA-induced BMP2 and NF-kappa B expressions. In addition, our results unveiled that Ebselen decreased IL-beta and IL-6 levels but did not affect COMP levels in the rat serum. Ebselen could be a promising therapeutic drug for the prevention and treatment of OA by alleviating cartilage degeneration and regulating BMP2 and NF-kappa B expressions.Öğe Effect of electrical stimulation on oxidative stress in tissues in a rat model with incision wound(Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2022) Kazak, Filiz; Isik, Egemen; Yurtal, Ziya; Alakus, IbrahimElectrical stimulation (ES) are known to have beneficial effects in wound healing. However, the effect of electrical stimulation in wound theraphy on the oxidant and antioxidant levels of various tissues in the body remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of electrical stimulation on the oxidative stress capacity of tissues in a rat model with a surgical incision wound on the lateral line of the femoral region. Rats divided in two groups: control and ES group. A longitudinal skin incision was made only from the right lateral line of all rats. ES was applied 200 mu s, 20 Hz, 2mA for 20 min during 15 days. Some oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (rGSH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT)) in tissues (brain, heart, kidney, liver, testis, gastrocnemius and quadriceps femoris muscle) were obtained spectrophotometrically. The ES reduced oxidative stress by decreasing MDA and simultaneously increasing different antioxidants in different tissues. The results suggest that incision wound could induce oxidative stress in tissues and electrical stimulation post-incision wound may have ameliorative effect.Öğe Evaluation of Morgan’s pocket technique in the treatment of nictitans gland prolapse in dogs(TÜBİTAK, 2020) Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yılmaz; İşler, Cafer Tayer; Yurtal, Ziya; Altuğ, Muhammed Enes; Kırgız, Ömer: Nictitans gland prolapse (NGP), also known as third eyelid gland prolapse or cherry eye disease, is an important eye problem that should be treated as soon as possible in dogs. Although many surgical methods have been described, there is no consensus on the most effective technique. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the characteristics of cases and clinical outcomes of Morgan’s pocket technique in the treatment of dogs with NGP. In this context, the characteristics of the cases were examined in 25 dogs diagnosed (29 eyes) with NGP. Clinical results, recurrence, and complications were evaluated in 17 dogs (20 eyes) who underwent surgical treatment with Morgan’s pocket technique. The most common breeds were Terrier (28%) with 7 cases and Cane corso (20%) with 5 cases. Most of the patients were male (56%) by sex and less than 1 year (66%) by age. The disease was diagnosed in the acute stage in 9 cases (36%) and in the chronic stage of 16 cases (64%). The success rate of 17 patients (20 eyes) without recurrence was 94.12% (16 cases). The recurrence rate was 5.88% and the complication rate was 5.88%. In conclusion, it is advantageous to use Morgan’s pocket technique in NGP cases in dogs because of its easy applicability and high success rate. Due to the low recurrence and complication rates, its reliability is high.Öğe Gastrointestinal foreign bodies in Dogs and Cats: (2018–2020) 32 Cases(Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2022) İşler, Cafer Tayer; Kırgız, Ömer; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yılmaz; Alakuş, İbrahim; Alakuş, Halil; Yurtal, Ziya; Altuğ, Muhammed EnesGastrointestinal foreign bodies (GFB) in cats and dogs are among the life-threatening surgical diseases that require invasive surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the cases of GFB in 32 cats and dogs diagnosed and treated in Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Veterinary Health Practice and Research Hospital. Information regarding the type, breed, age, sex, clinical symptoms, characteristics of foreign bodies (FB) localization, prognosis, type of treatment administered, and conditions determined in postoperative controls was collected. The cases were aged between 1 and 7 years and adult animals were also included. The rate of FB incident was the same in male and female cats, whereas male dogs had a higher rate of FB incident. Strings/ ropes and metallic objects were the most common foreign objects found in animals. Early diagnosis and treatment were important in preventing complications in the cases, FB was usually found in the stomach, and vomiting was the most common clinical symptom. Further, surgical intervention (gastrostomy/enterotomy) was the most common treatment method with a rate of 53.13 % for treating FB in the gastrointestinal system that yielded successful results. Thus, to avoid complications and for a good prognosis, owners must be conscious and seek for diagnosis and treatment as soon as they notice the incidence of swallowing a FB, so as to ensure early diagnosis and treatment. © (2022). All Rights Reserved.Öğe HERNIORRHAPHY AND SURGICAL OUTCOMES OF DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA IN CATS(Univ Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, 2022) Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yilmaz; Yurtal, Ziya; Isler, Cafer Tayer; Emiroglu, Sara Busra; Alakus, Ibrahim; Altug, Muhammed EnesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcome and mortality of diaphragmatic hernia in cats and present herniorrhaphy results. Diagnostic and surgical data from 25 cats with diaphragmatic hernias were analyzed retrospectively. The cats were between the ages of 2 months and 4 years, included 9 cases of males (5/9 neutered) and 16 cases of females (9/16 spayed). Acute cases were 12/25 and chronic cases were 13/25. Diaphragmatic rupture locations were defined according to the pointsthatare determined based on a clockwise scale. Location was classified as multiple in 10 (40%), ventral in 7 (28 %), right in 5 (20%), and left in 3 (12 %) cases. The three most frequently herniated organs were small intestine (20,80%), liver(16, 64 %), and omentum (15, 60 %). Postoperative survival rates were 83.3 % for acute cases and 69.2 % for chronic. Full recovery was achieved in 19 (76 %) of the cats. Results suggest that the location and size of diaphragm ruptures, the organs herniated, and the presence of concurrent pathologies directly affect mortality. Mortality is higher in cases with concurrent injuries, large diaphragmatic ruptures, and excessively herniated organs.Öğe Investigation of neuroprotective and therapeutic effects of hesperidin in experimental spinal cord ınjury(Buluş Tasarım ve Matbaacılık Hizmetleri, 2020) Yurtal, Ziya; Altuğ, Enes Muhammed; Unsaldı, Emine; Secıntı, Evrim İlke; Kucukgul, AltugTo investigate the neuroprotective and therapeutic efficacy of hesperidin against secondary damage following traumatic spinal cord injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 32 male Wistar albino rats weighing 250–300 g were randomly divided into four groups (n=4): group I, control group; group II, sham group; group III, preconditioning group, and group IV, treatment group. A rat model of spinal cord injury was established by dropping a weight of 100 g/cm on the spinal cord exposed at T7–T10 with dorsal laminectomy. In neurological examination after the trial period, inclined planed test, modified Tarlov scale, and finger extension test were performed. Furthermore, the bioefficacy of hesperidin was investigated histopathologically, biochemically, and immunohistochemically using blood and tissue samples obtained from the experimental animals.RESULTS: Neurological examination following spinal cord injury revealed that hesperidin significantly contributed to improvement in the 24-hour period. Biochemical analyses revealed that hesperidin showed anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing IL-1β and TNF-α levels at the 24th hour as well as strong antioxidant activity by increasing TAS levels in groups III and IV. Histopathologically, hesperidin reduced hemorrhage, laceration, axonal and neuronal degeneration, necrosis, inflammatory reaction, and edema in groups III and IV. Immunohistochemically, hesperidin reduced the number of caspase 3-positive apoptotic cells in groups III and IV.CONCLUSION: Hesperidin showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects during the acute period following spinal cord injury; thus, hesperidin shows neuroprotective and therapeutic efficacy in spinal cord injury.Öğe Investigation of the Effect of Linoleic Acid on Vascularization in Experimentally Induce Zoledronic Acid-Related Osteonecrosis in Rats(2021) Yurtal, Ziya; Serindere, Gözde; Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Takcı, LutfiBisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is an increasingly common pathological condition whose pathophysiology is not fully understood and can be difficult to manage. The unique biological effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) include angiogenic, anticarcinogenic, antiatherosclerotic, antioxidative, immunomodulative and antibacterial effects. The aim of this study is to compare the osteonecrosis areas created by tooth extraction with the control group using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after the administration of zoledronic acid (ZA), CLA and a combination of both in the rat jaw. A total of 50 Wistar Albino male rats weighing 400-450 grams were used. The groups were randomly divided into 5 groups: the control group, the sham group, the group that received ZA, the groups that received CLA with ZA (100 mg / kg and 200 mg / kg), and the study lasted a total of 10 weeks. Regardless of the use of ZA, it was observed by SEM that vascularization was impaired in all groups with tooth extraction. Neovascularization did not occur in the groups where CLA was applied, regardless of the dose. It was concluded that SEM analysis and corrosion casts technique can be considered as an alternative method in such studies due to its accessibility and low cost in observing dental vascularization. However, no definite conclusion could be reached about the neovascularization efficiency of CLA within the period evaluated after tooth extraction.Öğe Investigation of the neuroprotective effect of kefir in experimental spinal cord injury(Ankara Univ, 2023) Yurtal, Ziya; Kutlu, Tuncer; Altug, Muhammed Enes; Ozsoy, Bulent; Alakus, Halil; Yurdagul Ozsoy, SuleIn this study, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of kefir were investigated in spinal cord injury that was experimentally created on rats with a compression trauma model. A total of 56 Wistar-Albino male rats were used in the study. Daily freshly prepared 18 ml/kg/day of kefir was given by oral gavage to animals 7 days before and during the trauma and during the trauma. Spinal cord injury was created according to the weight drop method. On the 1st and 7th days before euthanasia, intracardiac blood was collected for analysis, and then they were sacrificed. The damaged spinal cord segments were examined biochemically, immunohistochemically, and histopathologically. When compared to the sham groups, kefir had a positive effect in the preconditioning and treatment groups by decreasing spinal cord bleeding, edema, myelin sheath damage, liquefactive necrosis, neuronal necrosis, selectivity of canalis centralis, and gitter cell levels significantly. When compared to the sham groups, kefir was found to have a positive effect in the treatment groups by decreasing the neuron specific enolase (NSE), ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and myelin basic protein (MBP) levels significantly on the 1st and 7th days, and by increasing the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) level significantly. As a result, it was demonstrated that kefir had a protective and therapeutic effect on spinal cord injury.Öğe Kedi ve Köpeklerde Koksofemoral Eklem Çıkıklarının Tedavisinde Modifiye Toggle Pin Tekniğinin Retrospektif Olarak Değerlendirilmesi(2021) Yurtal, Ziya; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yılmaz; Altuğ, Muhammed; Alakuş, İbrahim; Alakuş, Halil; İşler, CaferBu klinik retrospektif çalışmada, koksofemoral çıkık şekillenen kedi ve köpeklerde modifiye toggle pin tekniğinin kullanımı ve sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Çalışma materyalini 13 kedi, 20 köpek olmak üzere toplam 33 vaka oluşturdu. Kedilerin ağırlık ortalaması 3.2 kg, köpeklerin ağırlık ortalaması 18.0 kg idi. Koksofemoral çıkığın tespiti için radyografik ve klinik muayeneler yapıldı. Asetabular stabilizasyon için modifiye toggle aparatı olarak kirschner telinden hazırlanan farklı ebatlarda modifiye toggle pinler kullanıldı. Monofilament sütür materyali olarak balıkçı misinası kullanıldı. Lateral stabilizasyon için trochanter mayore açılan transvers delik, kirschner telinden hazırlanan pin ve rondela kullanımı olmak üzere 3 farklı uygulama yapıldı. Kullanılan teknikten bağımsız olarak, 13 kedinin 12’sinde herhangi bir komplikasyon şekillenmedi ve sonuç %92 başarı ile mükemmel olarak kaydedildi. Bir vakada ise yeniden travmaya maruz kalması sonucu reluksasyon şekillendi (%8). Köpeklerde 10 vakada herhangi bir komplikasyon şekillenmedi (%50), 2 vakada yeniden travmaya maruz kalması sonucu reluksasyon şekillendi (%10), 8 vakada ise subluksasyon görüldü (%40). Subluksasyon şekillenme nedeni operasyon öncesi kalça ekleminde başka patolojilerin varlığına bağlandı. Sonuç olarak; koksofemoral çıkıklarda kedilerde modifiye toggle pin tekniği başarılı bir şekilde kullanılırken, köpeklerde bu başarının kedilere nazaran daha düşük olduğu görüldü. Uygulanan tekniğe bakılmaksızın, köpeklerin kedilerden hacim ve ağırlık olarak daha büyük olması başarı oranını azaltmıştır. Operasyon yapılacak vakaların doğru seçilmesinin sonuca önemli derece etki edebileceği ortaya konmuştur.Öğe Kedi ve Köpeklerde Metakarpal ve Metatarsal Kırıkların Tedavisi (32 Vakada Retrospektif Değerlendirme)(2022) Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yılmaz; Altuğ, Muhammed; Alakuş, İbrahim; Yurtal, Ziya; Kırgız, Ömer; Alakuş, Halil; Ceylan, ErenKüçük hayvan hekimliğinde kedi ve köpeklerde metakarpal (MK) ve metatarsal (MT) kırıklarla sık karşılaşılmaktadır. Tedavide konservatif ve cerrahi yöntemler tanımlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada MK/MT kırık belirlenen 32 vakanın (22 kedi, 10 köpek) tanı, tedavi ve prognoz süreçlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Hastaların demografik ve diyagnostik bilgileri, yapılan preoperatif ve perioperatif işlemler, uygulanan tedaviler, postoperatif işlemler ve prognoz süreci çalışma kapsamındadır. MK/MT toplam 97 kırık kemikte en çok diyafizer 1/3 (43 kemik) ve distal 1/3 (48 kemik) lokalizasyonlarda kırıklar belirlendi. En çok görülen kırık şekilleri transversal (65) ve oblik (27) olarak belirlendi. Toplam 39 ekstremitenin %25.64’ünde bir kemik, %20.51’inde iki kemik, %33.33’ünde üç kemik, %20.51’inde dört kemiğin kırıldığı belirlendi. Tedavide MK/MT kırığı olan 39 ekstremiteden 11 ekstremitede eksternal koaptasyon, 23 ekstremitede açık cerrahi redüksiyon ile osteosentez, 4 ekstremitede kafes istirahati ve 1 ekstremitede amputasyon uygulandı. Kedi ve köpeklerin toplamında cerrahi osteosentez uygulanan 23 ekstremiteden 19’unda prognoz çok iyi, 3’ünde iyi olduğu ve bir vakada postoperatif ölüm şekillendiği belirlendi. Eksternal koaptasyon uygulanan 11 ekstremitenin 6’sında çok iyi, 5’inde iyi; kafes istirahati uygulanan 4 ekstremiteden 2’sinde çok iyi, birinde iyi ve birinde orta olarak belirlendi. Bu çalışmayla kedi ve köpeklerin metakarpal ve metatarsal kırıklarının tedavi süreci, tanı ve klinik sonuçlar ile birlikte değerlendirilerek özgün veriler sunuldu. Kapalı, disloke olmamış, MK ve MT kemiklerin yük binmeyen veya tek kemiğinde olan kırıklarda konservatif tedavinin başarılı olabildiği; ancak, iki veya daha fazla kemiğin etkilendiği, disloke olmuş ve yük verilen MK/MT kırıklarda cerrahi osteosentez uygulamasının elzem olduğu kanısına varıldı.Öğe The Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor Batimastat Reduces Epidural Fibrosis After Laminectomy in Rats(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2023) Yurtal, Ziya; Ozkan, Huseyin; Kutlu, Tuncer; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yilmaz; Urfali, Boran; Urfali, SenemAIM: To investigate the efficacy of locally applied batimastat after laminectomy in preventing postoperative epidural fibrosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two Wistar albino male rats weighing 200-250 g were used. The rats were assigned to four different groups (I-Control group, II-sham group, III-Laminectomy+Batimastat group, and IV-Laminectomy+Spongostan (TM) group). The rats were euthanized 28 days after surgery before TNF-alpha, IL6, IL-1 beta, IL10, TGF-beta 1, and MMP9 gene expression levels of tissue in the surgical area were determined with qPCR. TNF-alpha, IL6, and IL10 protein levels were also measured in both tissue and plasma. In addition, the surgical area was evaluated by histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: TNF-alpha, IL6, and IL-1 beta gene expression levels were higher in the batimastat group than in the control group. Whereas IL10 gene expression levels increased about two-fold in the sham and Spongostan (TM) groups, in the batimastat group, it was similar to that in the control group. TGF-beta 1 gene expression was three-fold higher in the sham group but was similar to that in the control group in both batimastat and Spongostan (TM) groups. MMP9 gene expression levels significantly decreased only in the batimastat group. In addition, fibrosis score, fibroblast cell count, inflammatory cell count, and CD105 expression decreased in the batimastat group relative to the control. CONCLUSION: Molecular and pathological examination results suggested that batimastat is an effective agent in reducing the occurrence of epidural fibrosis after laminectomy.Öğe Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi cerrahi kliniği’ne getirilen olguların değerlendirilmesi, 1293 olgu (2009-2013)(2015) İşler, Cafer Tayer; Altuğ, Muhammed Enes; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yılmaz; Gönenci, Ramazan; Yurtal, ZiyaBu retrospektif çalışmada, 2009-2013 yılları arasında Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi (MKÜ) Veteriner Fakültesi Cerrahi Kliniğine getirilen olguların genel değerlendirilmesi yapıldı. Beş yılda toplam 1293 olgunun; %56.45 pet hayvanları, %28.53 çiftlik hayvanları, %11.28 kanatlı hayvanlar, %3.71 egzotik hayvanlar oluşturmuştur. Hasta potansiyelini en fazla pet hayvanlarının oluşturduğu ve yıllara göre artış gösterdiği, çiftlik hayvanlarının ikinci sırada olduğu, sonrasında yabani ve egzotik hayvan hasta potansiyelinin de önemli olduğu gözlenmiştir. Hastaların 738’ine (%57.08) medikal ve 555’ine (%42.92) operatif sağaltım uygulamaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hastaların %0.46’sı müdahale edilemeden veya müdahale esnasında ölmüş ve %1.93’ü ötenazi/kesime sevk edilmiştir. Kliniğimizde en sık karşılaşılan hastalıklar ise; pet hayvanlarında genel cerrahi hastalıklar (%42.60), çiftlik hayvanlarında genel cerrahi hastalıklar (%28.18), yabani kanatlı hayvanlarda ortopedik hastalıklar (%87.17), evcil kanatlı hayvanlarda genel cerrahi hastalıklar (%50.00), egzotik hayvanlarda ortopedik hastalıklar (%70.83) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; tüm hayvan gruplarında en sık karşılaşılan sorunlar arasında ortopedik hastalıklar ile yumuşak doku hastalıkları olduğu, göz hastalıklarının da yaklaşık %10 gibi önemli bir orana sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca; hastaların çoğunluğunun uzmanlık gerektiren ve pratisyen hekimlerin gönderdiği zor olgulardan oluştuğu dikkate alındığında; MKÜ Veteriner Fakültesi Cerrahi Kliniği bölge hayvancılığı ve yaban hayatı sorunlarının çözümüne önemli katkılar sunmaktadır.Öğe Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Cerrahi Kliniği’ne getirilen ortopedi olgularının genel değerlendirilmesi : 564 olgu (2009-2014)(2017) Altuğ, Muhammed Enes; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yılmaz; İşler, Cafer Tayer; Yurtal, Ziya; Gönenci, RamazanBu retrospektif çalışmada; 2009-2014 yılları arasında Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Cerrahi Kliniği'ne getirilen ortopedi olgularının genel değerlendirmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kliniğimize çeşitli ortopedik şikayetler ile getirilen toplam 564 hasta; yıllara, tür gruplarına, sağaltım yöntemi ve tanı gruplarına göre sayı ve yüzde oran yönlerinden değerlendirildi. Altı yıllık süreçte kliniğimize getirilen ortopedik olgu sayısının her yıl bir önceki yıla oranla arttığı görüldü. Ortopedik vakalar hayvan türüne göre sınıflandırıldığında, en fazla oran; %46,45 ile köpek, sonrasında %22,34 ile sığır ve %15,25 ile kanatlı türlerinde görüldü. Tanı grubuna göre sınıflandırıldığında, en fazla oranları %66,43 ile kırık, %14,26 ile artritis ve %7,65 ile luksasyon oluşturdu. Uygulanan tedavi yöntemleri sınıflandırıldığında; operatif yaklaşım %47,70, bandaj %28,55, medikal sağaltım ve kafes istirahati %19,50 oranında uygulandı. Olguların %4,26'sında hayvan sahibinin tedaviyi reddetmesi, ötenazi veya kesime sevk ile sonuçlandı. Sonuç olarak; kliniğimize gelen ortopedi olgularında belirgin yıllık artış gözlendi. Hatay'ın sosyal yapısından dolayı pet hayvanları en fazla hasta potansiyeline ve ekonomik yapısından dolayı ikinci sırada çiftlik hayvanları önemli potansiyele sahiptir. Hatay'ın ekolojik konumu ile Caretta caretta deniz kaplumbağası gibi soyu tükenme tehlikesindeki bazı egzotik türler de potansiyel içindedirÖğe Prevalence of pelvic fractures in cat and dogs: A retrospective study in 183 cases (2016-2020)(2022) Yurtal, Ziya; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yılmaz; Alakuş, İbrahim; Kırgız, Ömer; Alakuş, Halil; İşler, Cafer; Altuğ, MuhammedThis study aims to classify radiographically diagnosed pelvic fractures in cats (n = 103) and dogs (n = 80). The pelvic bone resembles a box structurally, and as a result of the trauma of this bone, multiple fractures usually occur. Radiographs of cats and dogs exposed to various traumas were evaluated and classified as ilium, ischium, pubis, acetabulum, sacroiliac luxations and symphysis pubis fractures. The mean age of the cases included in the study was 16.9 months in cats and 19.2 months in dogs. Pelvic fractures were more common in females than males (?=57.9%, ?= 42.1%). In this context, it was constituted 18.7% ilium fractures, 12.6% pubis fractures, 18.9% ischial fractures, 11.3% acetabulum fractures, 29.2% sacroiliac luxation and 9% symphysis pelvis fractures of pelvic fractures. As a result, it was revealed that multiple fractures could be seen in traumas taken to the pelvic area and their rates.Öğe Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Bovine Amniotic Fluids Collected in Different Trimesters on the Epidural Fibrosis After Experimental Laminectomy in Rats(Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Yurtal, Ziya; Kulualp, Kadri; Ozkan, Huseyin; Micili, Serap Cilaker; Dogan, Halef; Sisman, Ali Riza; Ersoy, NevinBACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of bovine amniotic fluid (BAF) on the inhibition of epidural fibrosis (EF) after experimental laminectomy. -METHODS: Forty female Sprague Dawley rats were used. The amniotic fluids were collected from each trimester of a pregnant cow. The rats were divided into 5 groups. Whereas no laminectomy was applied to the con-trol group, animals in the sham group underwent lam-inectomy. Laminectomy was performed in the animals in other groups and the operation area was closed by drip-ping 1 mL of BAF collected in 3 trimesters of pregnancy. Animals were killed 28 days after the operation.RESULTS: Compared with control, VEGF gene expression levels were downregulated approximately 5-fold in BAF-2. Whereas IL-6 was upregulated approximately 8-fold in the sham, it was downregulated 5-fold and 3-fold in BAF-1 and BAF-2, respectively. There was downregulation in BAF-2 and BAF-3 in terms of CD105 gene expression levels. TGFb1 was upregulated approximately 2-fold in the sham group and downregulated in BAF-1 and BAF-2. Although histopathologic alterations including EF grade and fibro-blast cell density were found to increase in the sham group, all BAF treatment decreased those of alterations. The highest CD105 immunoreactivity was detected in the sham group. All BAF treatment markedly aggravated fibrosis via decreasing CD105 immunoreactivity. In terms of grading parameters, almost the closest grades to the con-trol were determined in the BAF-2. BAF collected in the second trimester is most effective in healing of scar tissue and preventing fibrosis via decreasing microvessel and fibroblast densities.CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that BAF may be used as a potential protective agent to prevent EF.Öğe Protective effect of Diospyros kaki L. leaves extract against oxidative damage and inflammation in the testicular ischemia-reperfusion model in rats(Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2023) Yurtal, Ziya; Kulualp, Kadri; Oezkan, Hueseyin; Kutlu, Tuncer; Alakus, Halil; Aslan, Abdullah; Altug, Muhammed E.The Oriental persimmon, Diospyros kaki L., native of China, with its bioactive compounds from leaves, flavonoids and polyphenols in particular, possess antibacterial, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antihypertensive properties. Though, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of the D. kaki leaves have beneficial effects in I/R injury in the brain, the same has not been investigated in testicular I/R injury until now. Hence, in the present study, we investigated its leaf extract against oxidative damage and inflammation in the testicular ischemia-reperfusion model. Thirty-two male rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups. While saline (SF) was given to the control and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) groups for 5 days, Diospyros kaki (DK) and I/R+DK were given 200 mg/kg of DK leaf extract. Afterwards, left orchiectomy was performed in control and DK, and testicular torsion was performed in I/R and I/R+DK for 2 hours. All rats were sacrificed 24 hours after procedures and samples were collected. Compared to the control, I/R had high MDA levels, low GSH and GSH-Px levels; compared to the I/R, MDA levels of the I/R+DK were lower, and the GSH and GSH-Px levels were higher. In I/R, the presence of congestion and hemorrhage were determined and the deterioration in seminiferous tubule structure and spermatogenesis were less in the I/R+DK. TNF-alpha, COX-2, BCL-2, and BAX genes expressions were significantly lower in the I/R+DK group. TNF-alpha and COX-2 proteins were higher in I/R and I/R+DK groups, while NRF2 was higher in I/R+DK. These results show that DK leaves extract has crucial protective effect against oxidative damage and inflammation in the I/R model of rats.Öğe Sacroiliac luxations in cats: Surgery or conservative treatment?(Univ Zulia, Facultad Ciencias Veterinarias, 2022) Yurtal, Ziya; Altug, Muhammed Enes; Isler, Cafer Tayer; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yilmaz; Alakus, Ibrahim; Kirgiz, Omer; Alakus, HalilSacroiliac luxations constitute an important part of hip fractures. In the treatment phase, a choice should be made between surgical and conservative treatment. Which treatment option will yield more effective results depends on many variable factors. In the present study, some of these factors were mentioned and their effects on treatment and outcomes were evaluated. A total of 61 cats, 26 female and 35 male, of various breeds and ages, were included in the study. The mean age of the cats included in the study was 16 months. The mean weight of the cats was 2.87 kg. Cases were categorized as ages, <= 6, 7-12, and >= 13 months of age. In addition, the success criteria of etiological causes, luxation type, and concomitant traumas on decision and outcomes were evaluated. Conservative treatment was preferred more in all age groups and success rates were higher than those of surgery. Conservative treatment was preferred in both genders, and the recovery rate was higher in males than that in females. Regardless of the cause of the trauma, more conservative treatment was preferred, and the rate of good recovery was higher in high-rise falls. Even if there was traumatic injury in addition to sacroiliac luxation, conservative treatment was preferred and the rate of good recovery was higher in cases without concomitant traumatic injury. As a result; age, gender, luxation type and concomitant traumatic injury were not statistically significant on treatment choice. However, good recovery was statistically significant in cases without concomitant traumatic injury.
