Chronic exposure to imidacloprid induces inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver & central nervous system of rats

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dc.contributor.authorDuzguner, Vesile
dc.contributor.authorErdogan, Suat
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-18T20:27:57Z
dc.date.available2024-09-18T20:27:57Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.departmentHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractImidacloprid is the most important example of the neonicotinoid insecticides known to target the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in insects, and potentially in mammals. In the present study, oxidant and inflammatory responses to chronic exposure of imidacloprid was studied in rats. Wistar rats were randomly allocated into two groups as control and imidacloprid-exposed group (n = 10 rat/each group). 1 mg/kg/BW/day imidacloprid was administrated orally by gavage for 30 days. After exposure, rats were euthanized and liver and brain samples were surgically removed for analyses. Imidacloprid application caused a significant increase in nitric oxide production in brain (p < 0.05) and liver (p < 0.001). The quantitative analyses of mRNA confirmed the finding that imidacloprid induced the mRNA transcriptions of the three isoforms of nitric oxide synthases (iNOS, eNOS, nNOS) in brain and two isoforms (iNOS, eNOS) in the liver. Exposure to imidacloprid caused significant lipid peroxidation in plasma, brain (p < 0.001) and liver (p < 0.003). While the superoxide-generating enzyme xanthine oxidase activity was elevated in both tissues (p < 0.001), myeloperoxidase activity was increased only in the liver (p < 0.001). Antioxidant enzyme activities showed various alterations following exposure, but a significantly depleted antioxidant glutathione level was detected in brain (p < 0.008). Evidence of chronic inflammation by imidacloprid was observed as induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-12 and IFN-gamma in the liver and brain. In conclusion, chronic imidacloprid exposure causes oxidative stress and inflammation by altering antioxidant systems and inducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the liver and central nervous system of non-target organisms. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipMustafa Kemal University, Scientific Research Projects Committee [08L0201]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was financially supported by Mustafa Kemal University, Scientific Research Projects Committee (Project No. 08L0201). The authors thank Altug Kucukgul (Antakya, Turkey) for his technical assistance. Authors wish to thank Dr. Sandra Spence for her helpful reading of the manuscript.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.pestbp.2012.06.011
dc.identifier.endpage64en_US
dc.identifier.issn0048-3575
dc.identifier.issn1095-9939
dc.identifier.issue1en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84865732989en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage58en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2012.06.011
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/10636
dc.identifier.volume104en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000309147600008en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAcademic Press Inc Elsevier Scienceen_US
dc.relation.ispartofPesticide Biochemistry and Physiologyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectImidaclopriden_US
dc.subjectInflammationen_US
dc.subjectInsecticideen_US
dc.subjectNitric oxideen_US
dc.subjectOxidative stressen_US
dc.titleChronic exposure to imidacloprid induces inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver & central nervous system of ratsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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