Concentration of essential and non-essential elements and carcinogenic/non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of commercial bee pollens from Turkey

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dc.authoridSevin, Sedat/0000-0003-0475-9092
dc.authoridYipel, Mustafa/0000-0002-6390-9313
dc.authoridALUC, YASAR/0000-0002-2650-2290
dc.authoridEkici, Husamettin/0000-0001-6403-737X
dc.contributor.authorSevin, Sedat
dc.contributor.authorTutun, Hidayet
dc.contributor.authorYipel, Mustafa
dc.contributor.authorAluc, Yasar
dc.contributor.authorEkici, Husamettin
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-18T20:04:21Z
dc.date.available2024-09-18T20:04:21Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractBackground: Bee pollen, known as a natural super-food with valuable nutritional ingredients, is regarded as a good indicator of ecotoxic substances, such as potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Therefore, this study aims to examine the concentrations of selected PTEs (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sn, Sr, V, Zn) in bee pollen purchased from online markets in Turkey and perform a health risk assessment to identify the potential risk to consumers.Methods: The quantitative analyses were conducted by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).Results: The mean values of essential PTEs in decreasing content order were Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Se > Cr > Mo >Co = V. Regarding the results of the study, daily consumption (40 g for adult or 20 g for children) of commercial bee pollen can recompense 20-35 % of daily Cu, Mn, Se requirements for children, adults, pregnant, and breastfeeding women. The decreasing content order of non-essential elements was Al > Sn > Sr > Ba > Pb > As. Cadmium and Hg concentrations were below the detection limits in all the samples. In terms of food and public health; detection of the PTEs concentrations is necessary to assess the quality and safety of bee pollen before consumption. According to the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessments; commercial pollen consumption does not pose a health risk to either children or adults for the PTEs monitored in this study.Conclusion: We conclude that bee pollen is an ideal indicator for the monitoring of environmental pollution of PTEs and also a valuable source of essential elements. This study highlights the need to develop standards that regulate acceptable concentrations of PTEs.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127104
dc.identifier.issn0946-672X
dc.identifier.issn1878-3252
dc.identifier.pmid36427435en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85143644346en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127104
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/8105
dc.identifier.volume75en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000910858400004en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier Gmbhen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biologyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectBee pollenen_US
dc.subjectPTEsen_US
dc.subjectRisk assessmenten_US
dc.subjectEstimated daily intakeen_US
dc.subjectICP-OESen_US
dc.titleConcentration of essential and non-essential elements and carcinogenic/non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of commercial bee pollens from Turkeyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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