Evaluation of reusability of bleaching earth in vegetable oil refining

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dc.authoridZarifi, Farhad/0000-0002-0082-2034
dc.contributor.authorKilincceker, Guray
dc.contributor.authorSangun, M. Kemal
dc.contributor.authorCelik, Sema
dc.contributor.authorArslan, Utku
dc.contributor.authorZarifi, Farhad
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-18T20:19:57Z
dc.date.available2024-09-18T20:19:57Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.departmentHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractPurpose Unrefined vegetable oils contain triglycerides and free fatty acids as the main ingredient, but besides, they contain waxes, phospholipids, tocopherols, beta-carotene, chlorophyll and other trace amounts depending on the type of oil. Most undesirable substances such as residues, free fatty acids and phospholipids are separated in the neutralization process of the oil refining. As a pigment, beta carotene is separated by the bleaching earth (BE) in the bleaching process. The BE is disposed of as waste after the bleaching process. In this study, waste BE, which is allocated for disposal, has become reusable. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, the oil is separated from the BE by solvent extraction under room conditions. AOCS Ba 3-38, TS EN ISO 734, ISO 15305 and TS 324 standard methods were used. Findings As a result of the analysis, it was found that 1% of oil remained in the recovered BE. The recovered BE containing 1% oil was carbonized at 550(o)C for 1 and 2 h. The BE obtained after this process was used in the bleaching process at a rate of 1%. Reuse attempts were repeated seven times, colour-opening capacities were measured and BET analyses were performed to establish a relationship between surface area-discolouration capacity and reusability. Originality/value This study demonstrates that recovery of waste BE can be performed and if this reusability considers in the industrial scale, it will save on oil refining costs and reduce waste.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipCukurova University [FSI-2018-10709]; AVES Energy, Oil and Food Industry. Inc. [FSI-2018-10709]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors are greatly thankful to Cukurova University Scientific Research Projects Coordinator and AVES Energy, Oil and Food Industry. Inc. for financial support (Project number of FSI-2018-10709).en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1108/PRT-02-2020-0009
dc.identifier.endpage399en_US
dc.identifier.issn0369-9420
dc.identifier.issn1758-6941
dc.identifier.issue5en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85085701477en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3en_US
dc.identifier.startpage393en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1108/PRT-02-2020-0009
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/9977
dc.identifier.volume49en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000537155700001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ4en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherEmerald Group Publishing Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofPigment & Resin Technologyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectExtractionen_US
dc.subjectBleaching earthen_US
dc.subjectRecoveryen_US
dc.subjectProcessing technologyen_US
dc.subjectRefiningen_US
dc.titleEvaluation of reusability of bleaching earth in vegetable oil refiningen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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