Evaluation of air quality by passive and active sampling in an urban city in Turkey: current status and spatial analysis of air pollution exposure

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dc.authoridAltug, Hicran/0000-0001-9430-6155
dc.authoridARI, AKIF/0000-0003-3870-8779
dc.contributor.authorGaga, Eftade O.
dc.contributor.authorDogeroglu, Tuncay
dc.contributor.authorOzden, Ozlem
dc.contributor.authorAri, Akif
dc.contributor.authorYay, Ozan Devrim
dc.contributor.authorAltug, Hicran
dc.contributor.authorAkyol, Nesimi
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-18T19:52:32Z
dc.date.available2024-09-18T19:52:32Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.departmentHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractConcentrations of air pollutants, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O-3), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), trace metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in 2008 and 2009 in the city of EskiAYehir, central Turkey. Spatial distributions of NO2, SO2, and ozone were determined by passive sampling campaigns carried out during two different seasons with fairly large spatial coverage. A basic population exposure assessment was carried out employing Geographical Information System techniques by combining population density maps with pollutant distribution maps of NO2 and SO2. It was found that 95 % of the population is exposed to NO2 levels close to the World Health Organization guideline value. Regarding SO2, a large proportion of the population (83 %) is exposed to levels above the WHO second interim target value. Concentrations of all the pollutants showed a seasonal pattern increasing in winter period, except for ozone having higher concentrations in summer season. Daily PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations exceeded European Union limit values almost every sampling day. Toxic fractions of the measured PAHs were calculated and approximately fourfold increase was observed in winter period. Copper, Pb, Sn, As, Cd, Zn, Sb, and Se were found to be moderately to highly enriched in PM10 fraction, indicating anthropogenic input to those elements measured. Exposure assessment results indicate the need for action to reduce pollutant emissions especially in the city center. Passive sampling turns out to be a practical and economical tool for air quality assessment with large spatial coverage.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipDutch Ministry of Foreign Affairsen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was part of the project Together towards clean air in Eskisehir and Iskenderun, Turkey and financed by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs. We would like to thank Kees Meliefste and IRAS (Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences) for their support during field studies and providing low volume PM samplers. The authors thank to Dr. Mustafa Odabasi and Melik Kara for doing heavy metal analyses. We also thank very much to the school directors and teachers for their very valuable help during the sampling studies.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11356-012-0924-y
dc.identifier.endpage3596en_US
dc.identifier.issn0944-1344
dc.identifier.issue8en_US
dc.identifier.pmid22535226en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84865571100en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage3579en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-0924-y
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/7493
dc.identifier.volume19en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000307403000054en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringer Heidelbergen_US
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Science and Pollution Researchen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectAir pollutionen_US
dc.subjectExposure assessmenten_US
dc.subjectNitrogen dioxideen_US
dc.subjectSulfur dioxideen_US
dc.subjectOzoneen_US
dc.subjectParticulate matteren_US
dc.subjectPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsen_US
dc.subjectGeographical Information Systemen_US
dc.titleEvaluation of air quality by passive and active sampling in an urban city in Turkey: current status and spatial analysis of air pollution exposureen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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