Hepatotoxicity of illegal home-made alcohols

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dc.authoridAkcan, Ramazan/0000-0002-4100-9488
dc.contributor.authorGoekce, Hasan
dc.contributor.authorAkcan, Ramazan
dc.contributor.authorCelikel, Adnan
dc.contributor.authorZeren, Cem
dc.contributor.authorOrtanca, Ibrahim
dc.contributor.authorDemirkiran, Sumeyra
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-18T20:27:57Z
dc.date.available2024-09-18T20:27:57Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.departmentHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractObjective and aim: : Alcohol-related hepatotoxicity is not only caused by excessive alcohol consumption but also caused and even accelerated by hepatotoxic ingredients other than ethanol. Concentrations of hepatotoxic substances might be significantly high, particularly in illegally produced home-made alcohols. In this study we aim to analyze the hepatotoxic effects of a home-made alcohol traditionally called bogma raki in Turkey. Materials and method: Fifty Wistar albino male rats were used. Five groups were randomly formed with ten animals in each. Besides laboratory diets, groups were fed as follows: Group 1 (control group) distilled water; Group 2 bogma raki with distilled water (% 44 (v/v), 9.2 ml/kg/day); Group 3 bogma raki with distilled water (% 44 (v/v), 9.2 ml/kg/day)+walnut (10 g/kg/day); Group 4 whisky with distilled water (% 40 (v/v), 9.2 ml/ kg/day); Group 5 distilled water + walnut (10 g/kg/day), for 28 days. The toxicological analysis of The spirits were analyzed using Hewlett-Packard (Palo Alto, CA) GC/MS system with HP 6890 gas chromatograph, an HP 5972 mass selective detector (MSD) and an HP 6890 automatic liquid sampler GC/MS; the pressure of the carrier gas helium was 6.0 bar and the split value with a ratio of 1: 100. The injection unit temperature set to 250 degrees C and MS quadrupole temperature set to 280 degrees C. The MS quadrupole detector ionization energy set to 70 eV. The initial column temperature was 60 degrees C (for 4 min) programmed by 6 degrees C/min to final temperature 160 degrees C and kept for 8 min at 160 degrees C. Utilized whisky and bogma raki samples were analyzed for the amounts of trans-anethole, ethanol, methanol, 1-propanolol, butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanolol (isobutanol) and 3-methylbutanol (isoamyl alcohol). Histopathological changes in liver tissues were graded as follows; normal = 0 (<10%), mild = 1 (10% -40%), moderate = 2 (40%-70%), severe = 3 (above 70%). Results: Chemical composition of illegally produced raki sample (% v/v) was as follows: trans-anethole % 1.93, ethanol % 95.70, 2-methyl-1-propanolol (isobutanol) % 0.19, asetic acid % 0.25, 3-methylbutanol (isoamyl alcohol) % 0.77, and others % 1.16. Chemical composition of commercial whisky sample (% v/v) was as follows: ethanol % 97.72, 2-methyl- 1-propanolol (isobutanol) % 0.57, asetic acid % 0.23, 3-methylbutanol (isoamyl alcohol) % 1.28, and others % 0.2. No traces of trans-anethole were detected in whisky. Normal liver morphology was recorded in control and walnut groups. However, bogma raki caused significant congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration compared to control and walnut group. On the other hand, whisky administration caused mild degeneration including inflammation in a limited area. Conclusion: Obtained findings suggest that trans-anethole containing alcoholic beverages are more hepatotoxic compared to commercial alcoholic beverages. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jflm.2016.07.014
dc.identifier.endpage89en_US
dc.identifier.issn1752-928X
dc.identifier.issn1532-2009
dc.identifier.pmid27497237en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84980384675en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage85en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2016.07.014
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/10634
dc.identifier.volume43en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000389516900014en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier Sci Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Forensic and Legal Medicineen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectIllegal alcoholen_US
dc.subjectBogma rakien_US
dc.subjectHepatotoxicityen_US
dc.subjectTrans-anetholeen_US
dc.titleHepatotoxicity of illegal home-made alcoholsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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