Comparison of a Low-cost Prototype Optical Sensor with Three Commercial Systems in Predicting Water and Nutrient Contents of Turfgrass Prediction performance of low-cost optical sensor

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dc.authoridSEKERLI, Yunus Emre/0000-0002-7954-8268
dc.authoridSOYSAL, YURTSEVER/0000-0003-0871-8570
dc.contributor.authorSekerli, Yunus Emre
dc.contributor.authorKeskin, Muharrem
dc.contributor.authorSoysal, Yurtsever
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-18T21:00:25Z
dc.date.available2024-09-18T21:00:25Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractChemical soil and plant analyses are time-consuming, expensive, and labor-intensive. There are some optical systems used for this purpose; however, they are expensive and require expertise for their operation. The aim of this study was to develop a low-cost prototype optical sensor and compare it with three commercial systems (GreenSeeker NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) meter, chromameter, Fourier transform-near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (FT-NIRS)) to determine water and nutrient concentrations including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) of turfgrass (Lolium perenne L.). Study was conducted on an experimental field to which four different levels of nitrogen fertilizer were applied. Prediction models were developed using PLSR (Partial Least Square Regression) and their performances were evaluated using the criteria of SEP (Standard Error of Prediction) and R-2. With the prototype optical sensor, NDVI gave the best result among 10 different vegetation indices for the prediction of water (SEP = 1.43%) and N (SEP = 0.28%). The best results (lowest SEP) were obtained with the FT-NIRS. However, there are some disadvantages of this system along with the other two instruments (chromameter and NDVI meter) of being expensive and requiring expertise in their operation. Low-cost and easy-to-use prototype optical sensor gave similar results with the NDVI meter and chromameter to predict water and nutrient concentrations except K, Cu, and Zn. An optical sensor similar to the prototype sensor could be developed commercially with low cost and used to estimate the water and nutrient concentration of turfgrass.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipHatay Mustafa Kemal University's Scientific Research Project (BAP) Office [16529]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors recognise financial support from Hatay Mustafa Kemal University's Scientific Research Project (BAP) Office (Project no: 16529). They thank Dr Nafiz Celiktas, Dr Selim Eker, Dr. Berkan Odemis and Dr Sait M. Say for their assistance and support. The authors also acknowledge the help of Mr Mustafa Akkamis, Mr Cagatay Cam, and Ms Aysel Arslan in data collection. This article was produced from the PhD thesis of Dr. Yunus Emre Sekerli.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/00103624.2020.1862157
dc.identifier.endpage600en_US
dc.identifier.issn0010-3624
dc.identifier.issn1532-2416
dc.identifier.issue6en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85098848592en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2en_US
dc.identifier.startpage586en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2020.1862157
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/12669
dc.identifier.volume52en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000605060300001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis Incen_US
dc.relation.ispartofCommunications in Soil Science and Plant Analysisen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectTurfgrassen_US
dc.subjectprototype sensoren_US
dc.subjectmineral contenten_US
dc.subjectwater contenten_US
dc.subjectreflectanceen_US
dc.titleComparison of a Low-cost Prototype Optical Sensor with Three Commercial Systems in Predicting Water and Nutrient Contents of Turfgrass Prediction performance of low-cost optical sensoren_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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