Testing of three sensor systems to predict water and nutrient contents of soccer field turfgrass clippings

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dc.authoridSOYSAL, YURTSEVER/0000-0003-0871-8570
dc.authoridSEKERLI, Yunus Emre/0000-0002-7954-8268
dc.contributor.authorSekerli, Yunus Emre
dc.contributor.authorKeskin, Muharrem
dc.contributor.authorSoysal, Yurtsever
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-18T20:59:05Z
dc.date.available2024-09-18T20:59:05Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractNatural turfgrass sport fields have some advantages as compared to the synthetic sport fields. They are cheaper; can be repaired cost-effectively and provide water filtration, soil stabilization, temperature regulation, CO2 absorption and O-2 release to atmosphere. Yet, the maintenance procedures especially fertilization should be carried out carefully to prevent pollution of natural resources due to excessive use of chemical fertilizers. The standard method for determining the fertilizer requirement is chemical leaf and soil analysis but it is lengthy process also it requires high amount of labor and costs. Hence, a low-cost and practical technique is needed to determine the nutrient contents of turfgrass. The aim of this work was to test the performance of a low-cost prototype reflectance-based indoor sensor system to assess water and nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn) of turfgrass clippings (Lolium perenne L.) and to compare it with two optical instruments (hand-held color meter and near infrared spectroscopy system, FT-NIRS). Turfgrass clippings samples (n = 30) were obtained from a soccer field. FT-NIRS system gave the best prediction performance for water and nutrient contents except for Cu. The prototype sensor gave similar results with the color meter for water content and other studied nutrients except Fe, Mn, and Zn. With the prototype sensor, NDVI gave the best result for the prediction of water (SEP = 0.96 %; R-2 = 0.75) and N concentration (SEP = 0.28 %; R-2 = 0.50). FT-NIRS system gave better prediction performance but it is expensive and its operation requires knowledge and experience and tiresome sample preparation as drying and grinding (extra time, energy, labor, and cost). Results depicted that an optical sensor similar to the prototype sensor could be commercially developed with low cost and ease of use and be utilized to estimate the nutrient concentration of turfgrass clipping samples with moderate performance.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipHatay Mustafa Kemal University's Scientific Research Project (BAP) Office [16529]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors recognize financial support from Hatay Mustafa Kemal University's Scientific Research Project (BAP) Office (Project no: 16529). They also thank Dr. Selim Eker, Dr. Sait M. Say Dr. Nafiz Celiktas, Ms. Aysel Arslan, Mr. Mustafa Akkamis and Mr. Cagatay Cam for their assistance and support.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126909
dc.identifier.issn1618-8667
dc.identifier.issn1610-8167
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85097062240en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126909
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/12360
dc.identifier.volume59en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000632597600006en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier Gmbhen_US
dc.relation.ispartofUrban Forestry & Urban Greeningen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectSport fielden_US
dc.subjectTurfgrassen_US
dc.subjectClippingen_US
dc.subjectNutrient contenten_US
dc.subjectPrototype sensoren_US
dc.subjectChromameteren_US
dc.subjectFT-NIRSen_US
dc.titleTesting of three sensor systems to predict water and nutrient contents of soccer field turfgrass clippingsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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