Comparative Appraisal of Three Low-Cost GPS Speed Sensors with Different Data Update Frequencies

Basit Öğe Kaydı
dc.authoridAKKAMIS, Mustafa/0000-0002-2760-0562
dc.authoridSEKERLI, Yunus Emre/0000-0002-7954-8268
dc.authoridKeskin, Muharrem/0000-0002-2649-6855
dc.contributor.authorAkkamis, Mustafa
dc.contributor.authorKeskin, Muharrem
dc.contributor.authorSekerli, Yunus Emre
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-18T20:29:38Z
dc.date.available2024-09-18T20:29:38Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractLow-cost GPS (Global Positioning System) speed sensors have been available to quantify vehicle speed on different platforms including agricultural tractors in precision agriculture applications such as yield monitoring, variable rate fertilizer and pesticide applications. One of the advances in low-cost GPS receivers is the higher data update frequencies. However, we found no studies on the accuracy of low-cost GPS speed sensors with different update frequencies, especially under variable speed conditions. Thus, this work investigated the effect of the update frequency on the accuracy of low-cost GPS speed sensors under both constant and varying speed conditions. Three GPS speed sensors with update frequencies of 1 Hz, 5 Hz and 7 Hz (GPS1Hz, GPS5Hz and GPS7Hz) were simultaneously tested under the same conditions. A total of 144 tests were conducted on three different days and at three different times of each day with four speed levels and four repetitions. The percent errors were found to be up to 2.3%, 1.8% and 1.4% at constant speeds; up to -47%, -16% and -12% at the increasing speeds and 24%, 6% and 5% at the decreasing speeds, depending on the acceleration and deceleration levels, for GPS1Hz, GPS5Hz and GPS7Hz, respectively. The differences among the error values of the GPS speed sensors were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). The GPS speed sensors with higher update frequencies (5 and 7 Hz) provided higher accuracy compared to the one with lower frequency (1 Hz), particularly in the case of higher acceleration conditions. In sum, low-cost GPS speed sensors with higher update frequencies should be used for better accuracy, especially in variable speed conditions.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific Research Project Office (BAP) of Mustafa Kemal University [15180]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the Scientific Research Project Office (BAP) of Mustafa Kemal University, grant number 15180.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/agriengineering3020028
dc.identifier.endpage437en_US
dc.identifier.issn2624-7402
dc.identifier.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85123446105en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage423en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering3020028
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/10981
dc.identifier.volume3en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000667228300001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMdpien_US
dc.relation.ispartofAgriengineeringen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectlow-costen_US
dc.subjectGNSSen_US
dc.subjectGPSen_US
dc.subjectspeeden_US
dc.subjectvelocityen_US
dc.subjectaccuracyen_US
dc.subjectdata update frequencyen_US
dc.titleComparative Appraisal of Three Low-Cost GPS Speed Sensors with Different Data Update Frequenciesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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