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    Comparison of renal lesions in cats and dogs using pathomorphological and immunohistochemical methods
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Kutlu, Tuncer; Alcigir, Gunay
    We investigated the pathogenesis of chronic renal fibrosis in cats and dogs using immunohistochemistry. We used the avidin-biotin complex peroxidase (ABC-P) method with antibodies against transforming growth factor-beta 1, cytokeratin, E-cadherin, S100A4, alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin and nestin to determine whether tubule epithelial cells had undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) that resulted in loss of epithelial cells and an increased number of mesenchymal cells. Although nephrosis was more common in dogs, nephritis was more common in cats; these pathologies developed in both kidneys. We found that EMT participated in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis in both dogs and cats.
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    Pathomorphological and Immunohistochemical Findings of Subacute Lobullary Calcifying Panniculitis in Two Cats
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2018) Alcigir, Mehmet Eray; Kutlu, Tuncer; Alcigir, Gunay
    This report aimed to reveal the characteristics of calcifying panniculitis in two cats. Two biopsies taken from the lumbosacral region of an 8-month old and a 1-year old, male, mixed breed cats were evaluated. Macroscopically, there were masses of different sizes varying from 1.5 to 2.5 cm in diameter. The masses had a generally firmness and were grayish-white in colour. Histopathology revealed necrotic and degenerative lipocytes in lobules of subcutaenous fat tissue. In some areas, there were lymphocyte, macrophage and neutrophil leukocytes infiltrations and connective tissue proliferation. There were also large calcifying areas at the centre of degenerated-necrotic fat lobules. Alizarin Red S detected the calcifying areas and Masson's trichrome differentiated connective tissue proliferation. In ABC-P, CD3 slightly reacted with lymphocytes and lymphoblasts. Vimentin moderately reacted with connective tissue proliferation at the periphery of the necrotic areas and the septum. A1AC reacted in the cytoplasm of macrophages and peripheral necrotic areas. No reaction was determined with A1AT. In conclusion, such cases have not been documented in veterinary pathology. It is believed that the two cats possibly had a renal deficiency problem or nephrotic syndrome in the pathogenetic mechanism. It was also considered that A1AC (serine proteinase inhibitor) expressions could have a role in such cases despite there being no A1AT (another serine proteinase inhibitor) expression.
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    Pathomorphological and immunohıstochemical evaluation of unilateral progressive Mooren's ulcer in a cat
    (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018) Alcigir, Mehmet Eray; Kutlu, Tuncer; Ergin, Irem; Karabulut, Sefika; Alcigir, Gunay
    Background: Mooren's ulcer is a chronic and painful ulceration of the cornea. It begins progressively in the periphery and spread centrally in cornea. In human, it is seen uniaterally in most of cases. Mooren ulcer has not been reported in any kind of animals up to now. Although its aetiology is not completely enlighted, it has been suspected of the inflammatory reaction against injuries-microbiological and immun mediated effects. Immun response in presence of accumulation of immune complexes into the limbal vessels.As a result of the deficit in the regulatory mechanism because the number of suppressor cells control over B and T lymphocytes, These situations can result in a progressive tendancy to inflammation because the production of autoantibodies and/or lymphokine from cytotoxic T-lymhocytes creates an immune-mediated vasculitis. Numerous immigrant inflammatory cells and proteins are evaded from vessels. After triggering inflammatory cells and releasing of meditors, corneal vascularization, scar tissue and re-epithelization develop. This regenerative-reperative process plays an important role during post-inflammatory process. Case: In this case, it was aimed to detect pathomorphological structure and immunologic relations in progressive Mooren's ulcer (MU). A 1 year-old mix breed cat was submitted to clinic with complaints of progressive painful and eyesight loss in left eye. There were 1 cm-ulceration, opacification and old haemorrhagic areas at peripheral cornea. Histopathologically, there was wide ulceration including all layers of corneal epithelium and particularly vacuolar degeneration at suprabasal cells. In corneal stroma, numerous neutrophiles and mononuclear cells were infiltrated. Neovascularisation and fibrosis beginning from limbus were also present. This fibrotic progress was confirmed by Masson's trichrome staining method. Immunohistochemically, Cytokeratin 3 (CK3) and cytokeratin 12 (CK12) positivities showing regenerative activity of suprabasal and basal cells were not widespread. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) positivities were generally weak in epithelial cells. In stroma, moderate vimentin positivities were detected proliferated in fibrocytes originating from limbus. ?1-antichymotrypsin (A1AC) was mildly reacted in neutrophiles. CD3 and CD4 confirmed the presence of regulatory and helper T lymphocytes. CD3 and CD8 marked cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD20 marked B lymphocytes in inflammatory areas. CD34 were also positive in peripheral corneal stem cells derived from limbal basal epitheliums in partly regenerated area. CD57 positivity in T lymphocytes and NK cells and CD68 positivity in macrophages were attended to the area. Discussion: CD1a positivity in T lymphocytes proved mediating lipid and microbial origin glycolipid antigens. TUNEL reactions showing DNA in situ fragmentation were present in the destructive and aging epithelial cells at periphery. In conclusion, the case has been found as unique in terms of its immunohistochemical characterization. The markers show that CD1a and CD68 expressions follow different progress in animals unlike in humanbeings even though the ulcer of pathogenetic mechanism is found identical to humanbeings.. The roles of CD20 and CD57 markers have potential roles in this ulcer. It is also concluded that insufficient epithelial regeneration, fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis showed progressive Mooren's ulcers having possibly microbial origin. © 2018 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. All rights reserved.