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Öğe Anticandidal Activity and Anticandidal Mechanism of Essential Oil of Cuminum cyminum L. and Myrtus communis L. Mixture(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2022) Eliuz, Elif Ayse Erdogan; Bahadirli, Nadire PelinC. cyminum (cumin) and M. communis (myrtle) comprise many biologically active molecules. In this study, cumin seed and myrtle leaves were mixed then hydrodistilled and analyzed by GC-MS. The main components of the essential oil were cuminal (50.71%), 1,8 cineole (8.30%), O-cymene (7.88%), beta-pinene (7.62%), a-pinene (7.16%),.-terpinene (6.09%) and a-terpinolene (2.19%). The antifungal activity of the essential oil against C. albicans, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis was investigated using spectrophotometric broth microdilution, colorimetric broth microdilution, and agar well diffusion tests. Antimicrobial mechanism of the EO was researched by TTC-dehydrogenase relative activity, protein and DNA leakage analysis. While the MIC values of the oil were 3.29 mg mL(-1) for C. albicans, 3.57 mg mL(-1) for C. parapsilosis and 3.65 mg mL(-1) for C. tropicalis, the 50% cytotoxic concentration values were between 0.17 mg mL(-1) and 2.61 mg mL(-1) for Candida species. The inhibition values against yeasts in dark and light conditions were found as 42.1 mm on C. parapsilosis and 39 mm on C. tropicalis exposed dark and light, respectively. The inhibition zones of oil in water, glucose, glycerol and salt environment. As a result, the highest IZ was found as 26.6 mm on C. albicans and 26 mm on C. tropicalis in the presence of a 3% glycerol environment. The DNA and protein levels were increased when yeast was exposed to the EO. As a result, the oil of mixed C. cyminum and M. communis preserved its antimicrobial stability in different environmental conditions and should contribute to new antifungal research.Öğe Artificial hybridization in the Salvia genus (S. aramiensis Rech. Fil., S. fruticosa Mill. and S. officinalis L.) for herbal tea production, determination of some morphologic and quality properties of chosen hybrids(Elsevier, 2024) Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Ayanoglu, FilizSalvia officinalis L. is the sage most commonly used in herbal teas. However high contents of thujone and camphor often makes S. officinalis less desirable. Hybridization of S. Fruticosa Mill., S. Aramiensis Rech. Fil. and two selections of S. officinalis was completed in efforts to develop sage hybrids with suitable phenotypic and chemotypic characteristics for production and processing into herbal teas. S. officinalis genotype was used only as the mother plant due to the lack of pollen while S. fruticosa and S. aramiensis were used both as mother and father and crossed reciprocally. For two years, a total of 8148 flowers were hybridized, 2022 seeds were obtained, 349 hybrid plants germinated from these seeds and 288 plants were examined. Essential oil contents and components of hybrid genotypes were determined. Essential oil contents of hybrid genotypes varied between 0.50 % and 4.21 %. When the essential oil components were analyzed 1.8 cineole amount varied between 0 and 70.14 %, alpha-thujone amount varied between 0 and 36.58 %, 8-thujone level varied between 0 and 34.14 % and camphor level varied between 0.42-66.97 %. Five of the hybrid genotypes (SfxSa-6, SoxSa-5, SoxSa-13, SoxSf-5, and SoxSf-6) were selected because of 3 % or higher essential oil content, 60 % or higher amount of 1.8 cineole, 5 % or less alpha-thujone, 8-thujone and camphor amount. Our results showed that hybridization resulted in significant changes in phenotypic and chemotypic characteristics compared to the parent species, highlighting the potential of hybridization as a tool for creating novel Salvia cultivars with unique characteristics.Öğe Comparison of Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Salvia fruticosa Mill. and S. aramiensis Rech. Fill. (Lamiaceae)(Har Krishan Bhalla and Sons, 2022) Bahadirli, Nadire PelinIn the present study, Salvia fruticosa and Salvia aramiensis essential oils’ chemical composition was compared, and their in vitro antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis. The major compounds of S. fruticosa oil were eucalyptol (29.04%) and camphor (21.32%). Major components of S. aramiensis essential oil were eucalyptol (59.51%) and ?-pinene (20.03%). The antimicrobial activities of essential oils were investigated by using disc diffusion and spectrophotometric broth micro-dilution methods. The highest inhibition zone diameter of S. aramiensis was found at 10.2 mm against C. albicans while the low inhibition zones (IZ) were on E. coli and B. subtilis (0.1 mm). Whereas the highest IZs of S. fruticosa was 8.38 for C. parapsilosis, the lowest IZs were 0.1 mm for E. coli, K. pneumoniae and B. subtilis by disc diffusion method (P?0.05). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of S. aramiensis and S. fruticosa EOs ranged from 56.2 to 146 ?g/mL for all pathogens (P?0.05). As a result, the antimicrobial efficacy of S. aramiensis on S. aureus and C. parapsilosis was demonstrated for the first time in this study, furthermore, both essential oils were found to be more effective against studied fungi rather than bacteria. © 2022 Har Krishan Bhalla & Sons.Öğe Determination of Heavy Metal Contents and Some Basic Aspects of Widely Used Herbal Teas in Turkey(Chiminform Data S A, 2016) Tercan, Haci Sefa; Ayanoglu, Filiz; Bahadirli, Nadire PelinSage (Salvia aramiensis L.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinal's L.), hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), linden (FILM argentea Desf), senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl), green tea (Camellia sinensis L) and zahter (Thymbra spicata L.) are the top selling and locally most widely used herbal teas in Turkey. Proximate analyses and heavy metals (Al, Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd, Pb) contents were determined for seven herbal teas with 12 replicates (from different 12 sailors). The moisture content ranged between 5.49% (senna)-739% (hibiscus) while the total ash content were found between 4.86% (green tea)-10.54% (zahter). Crude fiber content ranged between 31.65-26.76% (rosemary-linden), acid soluble content found highest in hibiscus (1.02), lowest in linden (0.37) and water insoluble content ranged between 2.72-8.16% (green tea-senna). The highest heavy metals values in the experiment; for Al 1716.900 ppm (senna), for Cu 17.250 ppm (senna), for Zn 51.975 ppm (rosemary), for Fe 431.925 ppm (rosemary) were found. Cd was not determined in all samples, The highest average Pb content were obtained from sage with 4.350 ppm. Barely no Pb was found in the samples of green tea, hibiscus, linden and senna.Öğe Effects of different drying methods on components of Thymbra spicata L. essential oil from flora of Hatay (Turkey)(Certex, INCDTP-ICPI, 2016) Mert, Ahmet; Türkmen, Musa; Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Ayanog?lu, Filiz; özturk, S¸evketZahter (Thymbra spicata), a perennial member of the Labiatae family is one of the most important spices in Hatay's cuisine. Its dry leaves are mixed with red pepper, sesame and ço¨kelek (a special cheese in the region) and is heavily used in su¨rk (a dish made with ço¨kelek) and pastries. This study aims to determine the effects of various drying methods on the essential oil content of thymbra spicata, a naturally growing plat in Hatay. The plant material was harvested from Hatay's flora on May 4, 2015 and dried in the shade, in an oven at 30°C. The essential oil was obtained with vapor distillation, and its contents were determined using GC/MS. The study determined that the ratio of carvacrol, the main component off Thymbra spicata essential oil changes between %51.14 and 72.54. © 2016 Certex, INCDTP-ICPI.Öğe EFFECTS OF PLANTING DENSITY AND HARVESTING TIME ON LEAF AND ESSENTIAL OIL YIELD OF BAY LAUREL (Laurus nobilis L.) CULTURED IN SHRUB FORM(Incdtp-Icpi, 2018) Ayanoglu, Filiz; Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Bahadirli, Nadire PelinBay laurel leaves and fruits are usually obtained from naturally grown plants. Therefore, it is not always possible to obtain the product at the same quality. For this reason, plantation for leaf production should be established separately from fruit production to obtain quality products. The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of the production of the bay laurel plant such as field crops in a shrub form. It is also important to know the ontogenetic variability on the amount of active substance and determine suitable plant density and appropriate harvesting time in order to increase leaf yield and essential oil with desired quality characteristics. Three different planting frequencies (1x1.5m; 1x3 m; 1x1x3 m) and three different harvesting times (one form per year, two forms per year and two years per form) were applied to the experiment. The experiment was established with a total of 1080 seedlings. In the experiment, the shoot length (16,84 - 31,50 cm), number of shoots (4,77 - 16,00 plants/plant), fresh weight (6,88 - 27,80 kg/da), dry weight (4,15 - 26,63 kg/da), dry leaf yield (2,57 - 17,29 kg/da), leaf area (20,41 - 24,56 cm2), chlorophyll SPAD value (32,36 - 39,5 kg/da), total ash content (7,96 - 11,46 %), essential oil content (2,06 - 3,12%) and essential oil yields were determined.Öğe Essential oil components of fresh Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) herbs from different locations in Turkey(Certex, INCDTP-ICPI, 2016) Turkmen, Musa; Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Mert, AhmetFive different Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) obtained from different sources were cultivated under Hatay ecological conditions used as a plant material. To determine essential oil rate fresh herbs of coriander were analysed with Neo-Clevenger apparatus by the method steam distillation. Essential oil components were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) apparatus. Decanal (9.95-16.53), 2-Decanal (3.48-11.86), 1-Decanol (7.67-17.13), Cyclodecanol (4.46-13.78), 2-Dodecenal (5.42-12.65), Cyclododecanal (5.23-7.86) and 13-Tetradecanal (4.87- 11.19) were found main components. © 2016 Certex, INCDTP-ICPI.Öğe Exposure to Volatile Essential Oils of Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) Leaves for Improving the Postharvest Storability of Fresh Loquat Fruits(Wiley-Hindawi, 2020) Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Kahramanoglu, Ibrahim; Wan, ChunpengFresh loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruits easily lose their marketability because of fungal spoilage, browning, and weight loss after harvest. The use of essential oils as postharvest treatment is a talented alternative to fungicides mainly because of their ability to reduce respiration and transpiration of the fresh fruits during storage. However, the postharvest studies with the volatiles of essential oils are limited. The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of volatile essential oils of myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) leaves for preserving the postharvest storability of loquat fruits. Test fruits of the present study were exposed to 5 different treatments, which are (i) water vapor (2 min), (ii) myrtle leaves (3% w/w), (iii) myrtle leaf vapor (2 min), (iv) myrtle leaf vapor (10 min), and (v) untreated control. A total of 30 compounds were isolated from the essential oil, and the three highest amounts of compounds were determined as eucalyptol (39.38%), alpha-pinene (24.98%), and linalool (8.18%). Exposure to myrtle leaves (3% w/w) and myrtle leaf vapor (2 min) was also noted to provide higher efficacy for reducing the weight loss, decay incidence, and browning index.Öğe Impacts of edible coatings enriched with laurel essential oil on the storage life of strawberry 'Camarosa' fruits(Inst Agronomico, 2022) Kahramanoglu, Ibrahim; Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Okatan, Volkan; Wan, Chunpeng (Craig)The current research was carried out to test the effects of edible coatings (EC) enriched with laurel essential oil (EC+LEO) on the storability of strawberry 'Camarosa fruits. Freshly harvested strawberry fruits were randomly separated into three groups and each group was treated with a different treatment, including EC, EC+LEO and control. Fruits were stored at 4.0 +/- 1.0 degrees C and a relative humidity of 90-95% for 15 days. Results suggested that both EC and EC+LEO have positive effects of the quality parameters of strawberry fruits and help to improve the storage duration of the fruits. After 15 days of storage, the average weight loss of the control fruits reached to 12.44%, but was kept at 9.06% and 7.13% at the EC and EC+LEO treated fruits, respectively. Both the EC and EC+LEO treatments were found to have positive impact on the prevention of disease severity and chemical spoilage and lowering respiration rate of the fruits. The loss in the fruit firmness, soluble solids concentration, ascorbic acid content and titratable acidity of the fruits were also found to delay in the coated fruits. The EC+LEO treatment was found to have better performance than the EC treatment. Overall results recommended that the edible coatings enriched with laurel essential oil improve the storability of strawberry fruits and have possibility to be used in postharvest industry.Öğe Investigation of antibacterial activity and mechanism of T. spicata essential oil, and activation of the hydrosol formed as a by-product with UV(Springer, 2023) Eliuz, Elif Erdogan; Bahadirli, Nadire PelinIn this study, antibacterial activity of the essential oil (EO) and the hydrosol (HY) of Thymbra spicata L. were tested on K. pneumoniae and S. aureus. Since antimicrobial agent resistance is an important problem in infectious diseases, it was discussed the DRA (Dehydrogenase Relative Activity), DNA, and protein leakage during the inhibition period of bacteria exposed the EO. In addition, the effect of hydrosol interacted with UV on bacteria inoculated to artificial skin surface was studied. The main compounds of T. spicata EO were found as carvacrol (60.65%), gamma-terpinene (23.03%), p-cymene (5.05%) by GC/MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis while HY's main components were detected as carvacrol (91.23%) and thymol (5.43%). No antimicrobial effect of the hydrosol alone was observed for S. aureus and K. pneumoniae in this study. Inactivation of the bacteria by UV-activated hydrosol was performed on 1cm(2)-lab skin surface. The 0.02 CFU/cm(2) and 0.07 CFU/cm(2) log reductions were observed in K. pneumoniae at 5 and 15 minutes, respectively, while 0.6 CFU/cm(2) and 1.2 CFU/cm(2) log reductions were observed in S. aureus at 5 and 15 minutes, respectively, on the lab skin. The inhibition zones (IZ) of the EO were 34.32 mm and 10.02 mm for K. pneumoniae and for S. aureus, respectively. After treatment by T. spicata EO at MIC, the increase in the water-soluble proteins of bacteria exposed to the EO was between 0.57% and 0.6% for K. pneumoniae, 0.01% and 0.3% for S. aureus within 15 min. In S. aureus supernatant, DRA was between 67.32% and 66.4% within 15 min, while DRA dropped to 21% from 28.1% in K. pneumonia treated with the EO. The increase in DNA leakage of the bacteria exposed to the EO was 0.09%-0.12% for K. pneumoniae, 0.08%-0.1% for S. aureus within 15 min. The findings may have provided a broader perspective on working mechanisms of antibacterials and directed the industrial use of UV-activated hydrosol to become widespread.Öğe PRELIMINARY RESULTS: ASSESSMENT OF NEW SALVIA CHEMOTYPES FOR HERBAL TEA INDUSTRY BY HYBRIDIZATION(Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2019) Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Ayanoglu, FilizCommon sage (S. officinalis L.) and Anatolian sage (S. fruticosa Mill.) are the most used sage species in herbal tea industry. Besides that, Antioch sage (S. aramiensis Reach. fill.) naturally presents only in Hatay province of Turkey and used as herbal tea in the region. The risk of sage usage is toxicity from camphor and thujone content. S. officinulis known as its high content of thujone and camphor. In contrast S. fruticasa and S. aramiensis known as their high content of eucalyptol. Both S. officinalis and S. fruticosa has high essential oil content rather than S. aramiensis. The aim was to develop new chemotypes (low camphor and low thujone) by interspecific hybridization for health. Species were reciprocal crossed except for S. officinalis. It was used just as mother for all crosses due to male sterility. Although the chromosome numbers of the species were the same, general crossing ability was very low. Essential oil contents of the hybrids were ranged 0.75-4.21%. Camphor, thujone and eucalyptol contents were evaluated in the crossed population.Öğe Unlocking nature's potential: anticancer potential of Helichrysum sanguineum (L.) Kostel on breast cancer cells and its chemical composition(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Yabalak, Erdal; Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Yetkin, Derya; Yaldiz, Fadile Defne; Turkseven, Cagatay HanHelichrysum sanguineum (L.) Kostel (H. sanguineum), a member of the Asteraceae family, has been traditionally employed for various medicinal purposes owing to its rich phytochemical composition. This study investigates the anticancer properties of various extracts of H. sanguineum (ethanol, acetonitrile, hexane, and chloroform) against breast cancer cells, shedding light on its chemical constituents and their potential therapeutic effects. In vitro assays demonstrate the profound inhibitory effects of H. sanguineum extract on human fibroblast and breast cancer cells. Furthermore, we elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action, revealing its ability to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity and apoptosis outcomes in breast cancer cells varied across different extracts, yet no adverse effects were observed on healthy cells at equivalent concentrations. Furthermore, all extracts initially promoted breast cancer cell proliferation, with the chloroform extract notably reducing cancer cell proliferation even at low concentrations. GC-MS analysis identifies the major chemical constituents of the extract, including flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds, which likely contribute to its anticancer activity. Our findings highlight the potential of H. sanguineum extract as a natural agent for breast cancer treatment and the need for further exploration of its mechanisms and clinical applications.
