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Activity of bisbenzimidazoles derivatives to Staphylococcus epidermidis
(Chemical Publishing Co., 2007) Algul, Oztekin; Duran, Nizami
Biomaterial-associated infections, most frequently caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, are of increasing importance in modern medicine. The most important factor in the pathogenesis of biomaterial- associated staphylococcal infections is the formation of adherent, multilayered bacterial biofilms. The aim of this study was to synthesize bis(benzimidazole) derivatives and evaluate their in vitro antimicrobial activity against the growth of gram positive (Enterococcus faecalis, methicillin resistant S. aureus, methicillin sensitive S.aureus, S. epidermidis and S. epidermidis RP12 (slime producing), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and pathogenic fungi (Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata). The antimicrobial activity of bis(benzimidazole) derivatives was higher in gram positive bacteria. Bis(benzimidazole) derivatives were inhibited gram positive bacteria at the concentration range of 12.5-100 ?g/mL. All compounds were shown to be bacteriostatic as well as bacteriocidal for cultures of S. aureus and S. epidermidis strains, regardless of their antibiotic susceptibility profile. This was demonstrated by using simultaneously the optical density measuring method and 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide-reduction assay. The highest activity was shown by 1,2-di(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethane which demonstrated interesting activity regarding its effect on 24 h old staphylococcal biofilm cells viability.
ACTIVITY OF OLEIC ACID ON BIOFILM FORMATION OF S. aureus
(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2022) Yaprak, Elif; Duran, Nizami
Oleic acid is a naturally occurring fatty acid in animal and vegetable oils and has been shown to have a wide variety of pharmacological effects. It aimed to investigate the efficacy of oleic acid on the adhesion and invasion of S. aureus to the host cell and biofilm production. The standard S. aureus strain (ATCC 25923) was used in the experiments. Cytotoxicity tests of oleic acid were performed in the Vero cell line. Bacterial adhesion and invasion rates and activities on slime formation in cells treated with oleic acid were evaluated compared to the control group. Slime formation tests were evaluated phenotypically on Congo red agar. In the study, it was determined that oleic acid was effective in both cellular adhesion and invasion in terms of colony number in cell cultures treated with 0.156 ?g/ml concentration of oleic acid. In addition, it was determined that slime production was significantly inhibited in bacterial cultures treated with oleic acid. Oleic acid prevents cells from attaching to bacteria and has an inhibitory effect on the virulence of bacteria. This activity of oleic acid may be due to its modulatory effect on cellular processes, and its bacterial virulence may be related to its effect on bacterial metabolism. © 2022 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.
Acute effects of recreational soccer on inflammatory response and cardiac and skeletal muscle damage indicators
(Univ Press, 2019) Aslant, Alper; Salci, Yasar; Bicer, Bilal; Savas, Nazan; Duran, Nizami
Introduction: Previous studies have indicated that acute bouts of strenuous, long duration exercise induce significant increases in the inflammatory profile and cardiovascular risk markers. Although recreational soccer (RS) is a widespread activity there are no data on this topic. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine RS-induced changes in inflammatory, cardiac, and skeletal muscle damage indicators in young and middle-aged males. Methods: Twelve young and 11 middle-aged males participated in the study. The participants played 6v6 1 h RS, where heart rate (HR) responses and external loads (distance covered, number of accelerations/decelerations) were determined. Blood samples were taken immediately prior to and following the matches, and 2 h, 4 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h later. Results: Absolute HR responses and the number of accelerations and decelerations were higher in young participants than the middle-aged participants (p < 0.05). RS increased high sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) in almost all participants. A total of 83.3% of the young participants exceeded the upper reference limit (URL), whereas none of the middle-aged participants exceeded the URL. Hs-cTnI levels returned to baseline after 24 and 48 h in the middle-aged and young participants, respectively. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and creatine kinase (CK) increased in the middle-aged participants (p < 0.05), and in the young participants, though not significantly (p > 0.05). RS also led to significant increases in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in both groups (p < 0.05). Hs-CRP, CK, and LDH values returned to baseline levels within 48 to 72 h, except for the LDH values of the young participants. Conclusion: RS induced short-term increases in cardiac and skeletal muscle damage markers and the inflammatory profile in young and middle-aged RS participants.
Anti-proliferative Effects of Trigonella foeniculum and Eucalyptus camaldulensis on Human Melanoma Cells
(Wiley, 2017) Duran, Nizami; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Kaya, D. Alpaslan; Ay, Emrah; Tumer, Cemil; Demir, Enver Ahmet
[Abstract Not Available]
Antibacterial activity of propolis against MRSA and synergism with topical mupirocin
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2007) Onlen, Yusuf; Duran, Nizami; Atik, Esin; Savas, Lutfu; Altug, Enes; Yakan, Selvinaz; Aslantas, Ozkan
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the activity of the propolis and its combinations with mupirocin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in nasal carriage. Methods: This study was carried out between June and August 2005. To infect nares of the rabbits, MRSA ( ATCC 33591) strain was used. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Each inoculum was prepared in the same medium at a density adjusted to a 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard (10(5) colony- forming units [cfu]/ mL) and diluted 1: 100 for the broth microdilution procedure. Ten microliters (10 mu L) (10(5) cfu/mL) of the bacterial suspension containing approximately 1000 cfu of MRSA was administered with sterile microsyringe through both nostrils of each rabbit. Ninety-six ( 96) hours after inoculation, the presence of infection was confirmed by using bacterial cultures. Twenty-six young New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each treatment group ( 1, 2, and 3) included 7 rabbits and control group ( group 4) included 5 rabbits. Group 1 was treated with topical mupirocin + ethanolic extract of propolis drops, group 2 received topical mupirocin, group 3 was administered ethanolic extract of propolis drops, and the control group ( group 4) was only treated with phosphate-buffered solution drops for 7 days. At the end of study, nasal cultures and smears were obtained for bacterial count and cytologic examination. Results: The colony numbers of bacteria in group 1 were determined to be significantly lower than in group 2 (p= 0.0001), group 3 (p = 0.0001), and group 4 ( p = 0.0001). The mean bacterial cell counts of groups 1- 4 were 360.2 +/- 52.4 cfu/ mL, 4120.6 +/- 860.4 cfu/ mL, 5980.8 +/- 1240.6 cfu/ mL, and 11500.0 +/- 2568.4 cfu/ mL, respectively. Mupirocin + propolis administration ( group 1) resulted in a significant reduction in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) count in the mucous membranes of rabbits compared with the other treatment groups ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Propolis addition to mupirocin regimen was found to result in more profound reduction in bacterial cell count and inflammatory response compared with the rest of the treatment modalities.
Antibiotic Resistance and Investigation of IMP-1, IMP-2, VIM-1 and VIM-2 Metallo-?-Lactamases in Acinetobacter Strains Isolated From Clinical Samples
(Aves, 2015) Ocak, Merve; Ozer, Burcin; Inci, Melek; Duran, Nizami
Objective: It was aimed to investigate the presence of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) production and bla (IMP-1), bla (IMP-2,) bla (VIM-1) and bla (VIM-2) genes in Acinetobacter strains isolated from clinical samples. Methods: 150 Acinetobacter strains isolated from clinical samples which were sent to microbiology laboratory from March 2009 to June 2012 were included in the study. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of the strains were determined using automated system, and production of metallo-beta-lactamase was investigated via Etest (R). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used for determining the bla (IMP-1), bla (IMP-2), bla (VIM-1) and bla (VIM-2) genes. Results: 94% of strains were Acinetobacter baumannii and, 6% of strains were A. lwoffii. The strains were mostly susceptible to gentamicin (41.3%), amikacin (36.7%), and imipenem (25.3%), while they were resistant to ceftriaxone (92%), levofloxacin (84.7%), ceftazidime (84%), and piperacillintazobactam (84%). Sixty seven (44.7%) of the strains were MBL-positive via Etest (R), and these strains were detected more resistant to imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone. No bla (IMP-1), bla (IMP-2), bla (VIM-1) and bla (VIM-2) genes were detected. Conclusions: While MBL production was detected in 44.7% of Acinetobacter strains, bla (IMP-1), bla (IMP-2,) bla (VIM-1) and bla (VIM-2) genes were not determined.
Antibiotic resistance genes & susceptibility patterns in staphylococci
(Indian Council Medical Res, 2012) Duran, Nizami; Ozer, Burcin; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Onlen, Yusuf; Demir, Cemil
Background & objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the association between the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the antibiotic resistance genes in staphylococcal isolates obtained from various clinical samples of patients attending a teaching hospital in Hatay, Turkey. Methods: A total of 298 staphylococci clinical isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The genes implicated in resistance to oxacillin (mecA), gentamicin (aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia), erythromycin (ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA), tetracyclin (tetK; tetM), and penicillin (blaZ) were amplified using multiplex PCR method. Results: Methicillin resistance rate among 139 Staphlococcus aureus isolates was 16.5 and 25.9 per cent of S. aureus carried mecA gene. Of the 159 CoNS isolates, methicillin resistance rate was 18.9 and 29.6 per cent carried mecA gene. Ninety four isolates identified as gentamicin resistant phenotypically, contained at least one of the gentamicin resistance genes [aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia], 17 gentamicin-susceptible isolates were found as positive in terms of one or more resistance genes [aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia] by multiplex PCR. A total of 165 isolates were resistant to erythromycin, and contained at least one of the erythromycin resistance genes (ermA,ermB, ermC and msrA). Phenotypically, 106 staphylococcal isolates were resistant to tetracycline, 121 isolates carried either tetK or tetM or both resistance genes. The majority of staphylococci tested possessed the blaZ gene (89.9%). Interpretation & conclusions: The present results showed that the phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility patterns were not similar to those obtained by genotyping done by multiplex PCR. Rapid and reliable methods for antibiotic susceptibility are important to determine the appropriate therapy decisions. Multiplex PCR can be used for confirmation of the results obtained by conventional phenotypic methods, when needed.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Nigella sativa L. AND Thymbra spicata L. ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST Tricophyton rubrum
(Incdtp-Icpi, 2018) Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Duran, Nizami
In this study, we aimed to investigate components and the antifungal activity of Nigella sativa L. and Thymbra spicata L. essential oils against Tricophyton rubrum. Thirty-nine essential oil components, representing 99,69 %, were detected in the essential oil of Thymbra spicata L. The major essential oil constituents were carvacrol (58,32 %), gamma-terpinene(28,53 %),o-cymene (5,20 %) and a-terpinene (2,03 %). Twenty-four essential oil components, representing 98,39 %, were detected in the essential oil of Nigella sativa L. The major essential oil constituents were anethole (22.97 %), thymoquinone (21.36 %), alpha-thujene (6.22 %), longifolene (5.76 %), trans-isoeugenol (3.55 %) and carvacrol (2.23 %). Antifungal activity of the essential oils of Nigella Sativa and Thymbra spicata was evaluated microdilution method. Fluconazole was selected as the standard antifungal drug. The activity of Nigella sativa L. and Thymbra spicata L. essential oils against T. rubrum was quite high. While Nigella sativa L. essential oils had MIC and MBC values of 1 and 2, Thymbra spicata L. essential oils were remarkable against T. rubrum. Thymbra spicata L. essential oils had the best MIC and MBC values (6.25 and 12.5 mg/ml). In our study, the efficacy of Thymbra spicata L. essential oils against Tricophyton rubrum was found higher. It seems that the essential oils of Nigella sativa L. and Thymbra spicata L. contain active components against rubrum, which is an important effect of superficial fungal infections.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Origanum syriacum L. ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST Candida spp.
(Incdtp-Icpi, 2018) Duran, Nizami; Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan
The infections caused by Candida species have been reported to cause serious life-threatening infections. Because the increased drug resistance among candida spp., new drug researches are intensively carried out. Origanum syriacum L. is a valuable medicinal plant in terms of its components. The aim of this study was to investigate components and the antifungal activity of Origanum syriacum L. essential oils on the growth of Candida spp. By GC-MS was highlighted that thymol (42,18 %), carvacrol (33,95 %), cymene (8,87 %) and gamma-terpinene (8,21 %) are the main components. Antifungal activity of the essential oils of Origanum syriacum L. was evaluated by microdilution method. The most notable activity was obtained against C. dubliniensis, C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. MIC values were found to be 15.6 C. for C. dubliniensis and 31.2 mu g/ml for C. parapsilosis and C. albicans. MIC values against C. glabrata, C. kern., C. intermedia were found to be 62.5, MIC values for C. krusei and C. glabrata were 125 mu g/ml. The highest activity in terms of MBC values in the study was obtained against C. intermedia and C. parapsilosis (62.5 mu g/ml). Our results are particularly promising to have significant activity against C. dubliniensis, C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. Origanum syriacum L. essential oils, which were also effective against non-albicans Candida species, may be a new hope for the treatment of candida infections.
THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF Myrtus communis AND Micromeria fruticosa ESSENTIAL OILS
(Incdtp-Icpi, 2018) Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Duran, Nizami
This study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Myrtus communis and Micromeria fruticosa against four Gram-positive (Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis) and four Gram-negative [(Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter aerogenes) bacteria by employing broth microdilution methods. The main components determined by GC-MS for Myrtus communis essential oil were Eucalyptol (45,41%), alpha-Pinene (20,86%), Linalool (9,71%), alpha-Terpineol (6,11%) and Limonene (5,88%) and for Micromeria fruticosa L. essential oil were Pulegone (58,32%), p-Menthan-3-one (12,99%) and Levomenthol (9,85%). Antibacterial activities of Myrtus communis and Micromeria fruticosa essential oils were searched against Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Enterobacter aerogenes. In order to evaluate the MIC values of the bacterial strains, Minimal inhibition concentrations (MICs) determined by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory standards. Amikacin was selected as standard drug for bacterial strains. As a result, it has been found that Myrtus communis and Micromeria fruticosa essential oils are very promising against these bacteria, which are among the major infectious agents in the world as well as in our country. Essential oils of these plants have been found very promising in the production of new antimicrobials. Further in vivo studies are needed in this regard.
Antimicrobial Activity of Some Thiourea Derivatives and Their Nickel and Copper Complexes
(Mdpi, 2009) Arslan, Hakan; Duran, Nizami; Borekci, Gulay; Ozer, Cemal Koray; Akbay, Cevdet
Five thiourea derivative ligands and their Ni2+ and Cu2+ complexes have been synthesized. The compounds were screened for their in vitro anti-bacterial activity using Gram-positive bacteria (two different standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Esherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes) and in vitro anti-yeast activity (Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis). The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined for all ligands and their complexes. In vitro anti-yeast activity of both ligands and their metal complexes is greater than their in vitro anti-bacterial activity. The effect of the structure of the investigated compounds on the antimicrobial activity is discussed.
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF Origanum syriacum L. AND Origanum onites L. ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST Pseudomonas aeruginosa AND THEIR EFFECTS ON BIOFILM FORMATION
(Incdtp-Icpi, 2018) Bayraktar, Suphi; Duran, Nizami
In this study, we aimed to search the components and antimicrobial activity of Origanum syriacum and Origanum onites essential oils against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and also investigated the effects of these two plants essential oils on biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Seventeen essential oil components, representing 98,76 %, were detected in the essential oil of Origanum syriacum L. and the major essential oil constituents were thymol (42,18 %), carvacrol (33,95 %), cymene (8,87 %) and gamma-terpinene (8,21%). Thirty-four essential oil components, representing 98,62 %, were detected in the essential oil of Origanum onites L. with major essential oil constituents were thymol (68,28 %), gamma-terpinene (5,50 %), p-cymene (5,47 %) and linalool (4,40%). In the study, Origanum onites essential oils were found to be more effective against both amikacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and amikacin susceptible strains. In addition, the combination of Origanum syriacum and Origanum onites essential oils showed stronger efficacy against both amikacin-resistant and susceptible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The combined use of Origanum syriacum and Origanum onites essential oils showed stronger biofilm inhibition activity in all Pseudomonas strains. In the present study, the remarkable efficacy of Origanum syriacum and Origanum onites essential oils against both drug-resistant and drug-sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was determined. More importantly, it has been found that the ability of these bacteria to form biofilms was inhibited by increasing concentrations of essential oils of these plants.
ANTIPROLIFERATIVE EFFECTS OF Origanum syriacum L. AND Myrtus communis L. ON HUMAN COLON CANCER CELL LINE
(Incdtp-Icpi, 2018) Ozturk, Sevket; Duran, Nizami
In this study, we aimed to investigate the composition and antiproliferative efficacy of Origanum syriacum L. and Myrtus communis L. essential oils on the HCT cell line. Also, it was aimed to search the synergistic activities of Origanum syriacum L. and Myrtus communis essential oils with MTX (Methotrexate) on HCT 116 cells. The main essential oil components of Origanum syriacum L. were Thymol (42,18%), Carvacrol (33,95%), Cymene (8,87%), gamma-Terpinene (8,21%) and for Myrtus communis L. the main essential oil components were Eucalyptol (45,41%), alpha-Pinene (20,86%), Linalool (9,71%). In this study, HCT 116 human colon cancer cell line and Vero cell line were used. To determine the non-cytotoxic concentration of Origanum syriacum L. and Myrtus communis L. essential oils Vero cell line was selected. The cytotoxic activity of the essential oils was measured using the MTT method and the results were evaluated as IC50. The Inhibition concentrations of the essential oils of Origanum syriacum L. and Myrtus communis L. essential oils against cancer HCT 116 and Vero cells were evaluated. It has been found that the essential oils of the Origanum syriacum L. and Myrtus communis have an important antiproliferative effect on human colon cancer cells. In our study findings, we think that these two plant essential oils may be a potent drug active compound for cancer treatment.
Antiviral Activity of Hatay Propolis Against Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2
(Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2016) Yildirim, Ayse; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Duran, Nizami; Jenedi, Kemal; Bolgul, Behiye Sezgin; Miraloglu, Meral; Muz, Mustafa
Background: Propolis is a bee product widely used in folk medicine and possessing many pharmacological properties. In this study we aimed to investigate: i) the antiviral activities of Hatay propolis samples against HSV-1 and HSV-2 in HEp-2 cell line, and ii) the presence of the synergistic effects of propolis with acyclovir against these viruses. Material/Methods: All experiments were carried out in HEp-2 cell cultures. Proliferation assays were performed in 24-well flat bottom microplates. We inoculated 1x10(5) cells per ml and RPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal calf serum into each well. Studies to determine cytotoxic effect were performed. To investigate the presence of antiviral activity of propolis samples, different concentrations of propolis (3200, 1600, 800, 400, 200, 100, 75, 50, and 25 mu g/mL) were added into the culture medium. The amplifications of HSV-1 and HSV-2 DNA were performed by realtime PCR method. Acyclovir (Sigma, USA) was chosen as a positive control. Cell morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 was significantly suppressed in the presence of 25, 50, and 100 mu g/mL of Hatay propolis. We found that propolis began to inhibit HSV-1 replication after 24 h of incubation and propolis activity against HSV-2 was found to start at 48 h following incubation. The activity of propolis against both HSV-1 and HSV-2 was confirmed by a significant decrease in the number of viral copies. Conclusions: We determined that Hatay propolis samples have important antiviral effects compared with acyclovir. In particular, the synergy produced by antiviral activity of propolis and acyclovir combined had a stronger effect against HSV-1 and HSV-2 than acyclovir alone.
Are the students in medicine, nursing and allied health higher schools protected from Hepatitis B: A cross-sectional study from Hatay, Turkey
(Halk Sağlığı Uzmanları Derneği, 2019) İnandı, Tacettin; Savaş, Nazan; Peker, Ersin; Duran, Nizami; Dermancı, Hande
Aim: Hepatitis B is an important public health problem and many groups, including health workers, are at risk for hepatitis B. We aimed to determine the hepatitis B surface antibody levels and frequency of needlestick injury among health occupations students. Method: The study population and sample were 973 students in Mustafa Kemal University, Medical, Nursing and Health Vocational High School in 2015. Of the students, %63 were reached, and 67.7% of them gave blood samples. Anti-HBS values were calculated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and an antibody titer over 10 mIU/mL was accepted as positive. Results: The mean age was 20.9 ± 2.7 and 68.5% were female. Anti-HBs positivity was 54.5%, and 37.3% of the vaccinated group was still anti-HBS negative. The difference in anti-hepatitis B positivity was not significant in terms of sex, age group and school, but it was higher in vaccinated students than in others (p <0.05). 29.0% of participants had a history of needle-stick injury. The highest percentage was in health emergency and anaesthesia departments (p <0.001). Needle-stick injury was observed more often in senior students.
Association of Helicobacter pylori positivity with the symptoms in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum
(Springer Heidelberg, 2013) Gungoren, Arif; Bayramoglu, Neslihan; Duran, Nizami; Kurul, Mehmet
To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) positivity and the severity of symptoms of nausea and vomiting in patients diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Prospective controlled. Ninety patients with the diagnosis of HG below the 20th week gestation, who had no additional disease and 50 pregnant women with no complaints were enrolled in the study. According to the severity of symptoms, the patients were divided into three groups as group I, II and III (mild, moderate and severe, respectively). The Rhode's scoring system was used to determine the severity of HG symptoms. HpIgG and IgM levels were determined in the blood samples and Hp DNA positivity with PCR was investigated in the saliva. In accordance with the Rhode's scoring system, 15.5 % of the pregnant women had mild, 58.9 % had moderate, and 25.6 % had severe symptoms (group I, II and III, respectively). HpIgG was determined as positive in 78.6, 84.9 and 82.6 % in groups I, II and III, respectively. HpIgM positivity was determined as 26.1 % only in group III (p = 0.847). HpDNA was determined as 7.2, 3.8, and 91.3 % in group I, II, and III, respectively (p < 0.01). While HpIgG was positive in 60 %, HpDNA was found to be positive in 2 % and HpIgM was found to be negative in all the pregnant women in the control group. A positive relationship between the symptoms of HG and Hp positivity was determined using PCR.
Authors' response
(2013) Duran, Nizami
[No abstract available]
Bisbenzoxazole Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, in Vitro Antimicrobial, Antiproliferative Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Ersan, Ronak Haj; Alagoz, Mehmet Abdullah; Dogen, Aylin; Duran, Nizami; Burmaoglu, Serdar; Algul, Oztekin
Four series of bisbenzoxazole derivatives were designed, synthesized, and screened for antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities. Generally, all synthesized bisbenzoxazoles (9-24) displayed significant antiproliferative activity; these effects were shown to be related to oxazole rings and substituents in bisbenzoxazole compounds. Especially, the series bearing chloro-substituent (9-12) exhibited better antiproliferative activity with higher selectivity than the other series (13-24); the IC50 values were observed in the range of 0.045-0.342 mu M. Interestingly, only the compound with a nitro substituent (22) showed maximum potency with an IC50 value of 0.011 mu M, which is two-fold more active than the standard drug methotrexate, with moderate selectivity. The compounds bearing fluoro-substituent (14-16) were found to exhibit potent antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis, with a MIC value of 62.5 mu g/mL, and moderate activity against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Only the compound 23 showed potent activity against Escherichia coli, with a MIC value of 62.5 mu g/mL. In order to better evaluate the activity results, crystal structures of five different proteins Human Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (PDB ID: 2XP2), CYP2C8dH complexed (PDB ID: 2NNI), factor-human kinase-beta enzyme IKK-beta enzyme (PDB ID: 4KIK), a tubulin heterodimer complex containing alpha and beta sub-units (PDB ID: 1Z2B) and penicillin-binding protein 4 (PBP4) from Enterococcus faecalis (PDB ID: 6MKI) were used in the docking study to examine antiproliferative and antimicrobial activity. Finally, an ADMET screening test was applied to determine the drug-like, toxicological, and optimum physicochemical properties for all of the synthesized compounds. The strategy applied in this research may act as a perspective for the rational design of potential anticancer drugs.
Causes of nosocomial pneumonia and evaluation of risk factors in a university hospital in Turkey
(Saudi Med J, 2007) Savas, Lutfu; Onlen, Yusuf; Duran, Nizami; Savas, Nazan
Objective: To determine the incidence, risk factors, mortality rate, and organisms causing nosocomial pneumonia (NP). Methods: We carried out this study in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), General Medical and Surgical wards of Baskent University, Training and Research Hospital in Adana, Turkey, between November 2000 and August 2002. Patients were observed from the time of admission until 48 hours after discharge from the hospital. Results: In this study, 618 (2.1%) nosocomial infections (NIs) were detected in 29778 patients. One hundred and fifteen of these infections were NP and investigated with surveillance prospectively. The most frequently isolated microorganisms in NP were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 32.8%, Pseudomonas species 21.5%, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) 10.2%, Klebsiella species (9.1%) and Acinetobacter species 5.9%, E coli; 5.4% (10/186), Streptococcus species; 4.8% (9/186), Candida species; 4.8% (9/186), Enterobacter species; 2.7% (5/186) and the other bacteria; 2.7%. The predominant pathogens isolated in this study were MRSA (33.8%), Pseudomonas species (16.9%) and MSSA (16.9%) in early-onset pneumonias and MRSA (32.2%), Pseudomonas species (24.0%), and Klebsiella species (10.7%) in late-onset pneumonias. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the possibility of developing NP, significantly increases with such risk factors as decreased level of consciousness, respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy. Each center should know its patients' profile, the factors that increase the infection, the antibiotic resistance patterns of microorganisms, and the distribution of hospital infections in every department. Strategies to prevent both development of antibiotic resistance and spread of resistant organisms are necessary.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM Origanum onites L. AND Cymbopogon citratus, AND THEIR SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS WITH ACYCLOVIR AGAINST HSV-1
(Incdtp-Icpi, 2018) Duran, Nizami; Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan
Origanum onites L. and Cymbopogon citratus have a number of pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. In this study, we aimed to investigate the components and the synergistic effect of Origanum onites L. and Cymbopogon citratus and their combinations with acyclovir against HSV-1 on HEp-2 cell line. The main essential oil components of Origanum onites L. were Thymol (68,28%), gamma-Terpinene (5,50%), p-Cymene (5,47%) and Linalool (4,40%) and for Cymbopogon citratus the main components were E-Citral (47,53%), Z-Citral (36,29%), beta-Myrcene (9,31%). Initially, 100 TCID50 (Tissue Culture Infective Dose) of HSV-1 on HEp-2 was calculated in the study. Antiviral activity studies were carried out at the concentration of 1, 10 and 100 TCID50 of HSV-1. The antimicrobial efficacy of the Origanum onites L. and Cymbopogon citratus essential oils were assessed alone and in combination with acyclovir. In addition, the efficacy of acyclovir was determined on 100 TCID50 of HSV-1. In conclusion, the essential oils of Origanum onites L. and Cymbopogon citratus against HVS-1 were found to have a significant inhibitory effect on viral replication. We think that the essential oils of Origanum onites L. and Cymbopogon citratus may be a very important agent against herpesviruses. In particular, the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus can be a very promising plant.

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