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Öğe Investigating virulence factors of clinical Candida isolates in relation to atmospheric conditions and genotype(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Inci, Melek; Atalay, Mustafa Altay; Koc, Ayse Nedret; Yula, Erkan; Evirgen, Omer; Durmaz, Suleyman; Demir, GoncaAim: To investigate some virulence factors in Candida species isolated from patients with suspected invasive fungal infection and to identify their relationship with Candida genotypes. Materials and methods: Overall 45 isolates (20 Candida albicans and 25 non-albicans Candida spp.) genotyped by rep-PCR were included in this study. Virulence factors were studied in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In isolates, egg yolk agar was used for determining phospholipase activity, while bovine serum albumin agar was used for proteinase activity, Tween-80 medium for esterase activity, and Sabouraud dextrose agar with sheep blood for hemolysin activity. Biofilm formation was detected by the microplate method. Results: In both Candida spp., it was found that hemolytic activity and proteinase activity were higher in aerobic conditions, whereas biofilm formation was higher in anaerobic conditions. It was also found that phospholipase and esterase activity were only detected in C. albicans isolates, which were found to be higher in aerobic conditions. No difference was found in virulence factors evaluated among the C. albicans genotypes. Conclusion: The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere may affect the virulence of Candida spp. Further comprehensive studies are needed in order to identify the relationship between Candida genotypes and virulence factors.Öğe Molecular epidemiology and risk factors in extended-spectrum beta lactamase positive and quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections(A. CARBONE Editore, 2015) Kilinc, Cetin; Inci, Melek; Yula, Erkan; Ozer, Burcin; Duran, Nizami; Durmaz, Suleyman; Kaya, Yusuf SelimIntroduction: The study was designed to investigate the epidemiology, risk factors, and clonal relationships in extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-positive and quinolone resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections. Materials and methods: The study included 96 E. coli strains isolated from urine samples and identified as the infection agent. All the strains were ESBL positive and quinolone resistant. ESBL production was evaluated by the double disc synergy test. The clonal proximity of the isolates was determined with Rep-PCR method. Results: Fifty-two (54.2%) of the 96 isolates were isolated from nosocomial infections, and 44 (45.8%) were isolated from community- acquired infections. Three common risk factors for ESBL-positive E.coli infections were identified. The most common risk factor was hospitalization in the last 6 months. The Rep-PCR technique detected 29 clones, of which nine were major clones and 20 were sporadic. Conclusion: The identification of clonal relationships using Rep-PCR can reveal the source of infections and means of dissemination. Community-acquired isolates that cause infections may be associated with hospitalization. Strains colonized in hospital for along time can increase infections in various departments. An increase in the resistance to any drug in any unit of a hospital may be the harbinger of a pandemic. The source of infection and ways of spread can be identified most accurately by the demonstration of clonal relationships.Öğe MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS IN EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE POSITIVE AND QUINOLONE-RESISTANT ESCHERICHIA COLI STRAINS ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS(Carbone Editore, 2015) Kilinc, Cetin; Inci, Melek; Yula, Erkan; Ozer, Burcin; Duran, Nizami; Durmaz, Suleyman; Kaya, Yusuf SelimIntroduction: The study was designed to investigate the epidemiology, risk factors, and clonal relationships in extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-positive and quinolone resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections. Materials and methods: The study included 96 E. coli strains isolated from urine samples and identified as the infection agent. All the strains were ESBL positive and quinolone resistant. ESBL production was evaluated by the double disc synergy test. The clonal proximity of the isolates was determined with Rep-PCR method. Results: Fifty-two (54.2%) of the 96 isolates were isolated from nosocomial infections, and 44 (45.8%) were isolated from community-acquired infections. Three common risk factors for ESBL-positive E.coli infections were identified. The most common risk factor was hospitalization in the last 6 months. The Rep-PCR technique detected 29 clones, of which nine were major clones and 20 were sporadic. Conclusion: The identification of clonal relationships using Rep-PCR can reveal the source of infections and means of dissemination. Community-acquired isolates that cause infections may be associated with hospitalization. Strains colonized in hospital for along time can increase infections in various departments. An increase in the resistance to any drug in any unit of a hospital may be the harbinger of a pandemic. The source of infection and ways of spread can be identified most accurately by the demonstration of clonal relationships.Öğe Sociodemographic characteristics of patients with Demodex brevis and Demodex folliculorum infestation and its association with rosacea and Behcet's disease.(Allied Acad, 2015) Durmaz, Suleyman; Yula, Erkan; Kaya, Ozlem Aycan; Gokmen, Aysegul Aksoy; Kilinc, Cetin; Atambay, Metin; Ekiz, OzlemDemodex mites are ectoparasites often found in the skin thought to be associated with the development of some skin diseases. Demodex positivity may be affected by several factors. In order to determine the relationship between Demodex infestation and rosacea disease (RD), Behcet's disease (BD) and various individual parameters such as gender, personal hygiene and skin type. A total of 238 individuals (61 with RD, 46 with BD, and 131 healthy subjects) were investigated for the presence of Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis using the standardized skin surface biopsy technique and a questionnaire. The incidence of Demodex mites in RD patients was significantly higher when compared to the control group (p=0.010 and p=0.001, respectively). However, there was no difference between those with BD and the control group. There was a significant difference between ages of groups, skin types, use of moisturizer, and itching, without taking into account the presence of Demodex among the disease groups (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference between disease groups in terms of data of gender, skin care, epilation, and face washing. Our study reveals that the positivity rates of Demodex mites in rosacea patients were significantly higher. Mean ages of groups, skin types, use of moisturizer, and the presence of itching of the ear and face may be associated with higher density of Demodex mites.Öğe Sociodemographic characteristics of patients with demodex brevis and demodex folliculorum infestation and its association with rosacea and behçet’s disease(Scientific Publishers of India, 2015) Durmaz, Suleyman; Yula, Erkan; Aycan Kaya, Ozlem; Aksoy Gokmen, Aysegul; Kilinc, Cetin; Atambay, Metin; Ekiz, OzlemDemodex mites are ectoparasites often found in the skin thought to be associated with the development of some skin diseases. Demodex positivity may be affected by several factors. In order to determine the relationship between Demodex infestation and rosacea disease (RD), Behçet’s disease (BD) and various individual parameters such as gender, personal hygiene and skin type. A total of 238 individuals (61 with RD, 46 with BD, and 131 healthy subjects) were investigated for the presence of Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis using the standardized skin surface biopsy technique and a questionnaire. The incidence of Demodex mites in RD patients was significantly higher when compared to the control group (p=0.010 and p=0.001, respectively). However, there was no difference between those with BD and the control group. There was a significant difference between ages of groups, skin types, use of moisturizer, and itching, without taking into account the presence of Demodex among the disease groups (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference between disease groups in terms of data of gender, skin care, epilation, and face washing. Our study reveals that the positivity rates of Demodex mites in rosacea patients were significantly higher. Mean ages of groups, skin types, use of moisturizer, and the presence of itching of the ear and face may be associated with higher density of Demodex mites. © 2015, Scientific Publishers of India. All rights reserved.
