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  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Antiviral Activity of Hatay Propolis Against Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2
    (Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2016) Yildirim, Ayse; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Duran, Nizami; Jenedi, Kemal; Bolgul, Behiye Sezgin; Miraloglu, Meral; Muz, Mustafa
    Background: Propolis is a bee product widely used in folk medicine and possessing many pharmacological properties. In this study we aimed to investigate: i) the antiviral activities of Hatay propolis samples against HSV-1 and HSV-2 in HEp-2 cell line, and ii) the presence of the synergistic effects of propolis with acyclovir against these viruses. Material/Methods: All experiments were carried out in HEp-2 cell cultures. Proliferation assays were performed in 24-well flat bottom microplates. We inoculated 1x10(5) cells per ml and RPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal calf serum into each well. Studies to determine cytotoxic effect were performed. To investigate the presence of antiviral activity of propolis samples, different concentrations of propolis (3200, 1600, 800, 400, 200, 100, 75, 50, and 25 mu g/mL) were added into the culture medium. The amplifications of HSV-1 and HSV-2 DNA were performed by realtime PCR method. Acyclovir (Sigma, USA) was chosen as a positive control. Cell morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 was significantly suppressed in the presence of 25, 50, and 100 mu g/mL of Hatay propolis. We found that propolis began to inhibit HSV-1 replication after 24 h of incubation and propolis activity against HSV-2 was found to start at 48 h following incubation. The activity of propolis against both HSV-1 and HSV-2 was confirmed by a significant decrease in the number of viral copies. Conclusions: We determined that Hatay propolis samples have important antiviral effects compared with acyclovir. In particular, the synergy produced by antiviral activity of propolis and acyclovir combined had a stronger effect against HSV-1 and HSV-2 than acyclovir alone.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Kan kültürlerinden izole edilen gram pozitif bakterilerde antibiyotik direnç profillerinin araştırılması
    (Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, 2015) Jenedi, Kemal; Duran, Nizami
    Kan dolaşımı enfeksiyonları önemli mortalite ve morbidite nedenlerindendir ve en sık karşılaşılan hastane ilişkili enfeksiyonlar arasındadır. Kan dolaşımı enfeksiyonları ile ilişkili hastalıklar kendi kendini sınırlayan enfeksiyonlardan hızlı ve agresif antimikrobiyal tedavi gerektiren, hayatı tehdit eden sepsise kadar değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada kan yolu infeksiyonlarından izole edilen Gram pozitif bakterilerde ilaç direnç profillerinin araştırılması ve safilokok kökenlerinde ilaç direnç genlerinin frekansının mültipleks PCR yöntemiyle araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmaya Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi çeşitli servis ve yoğun bakım ünitelerinde 169 pozitif kan kültürü dahil edildi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen 169 hastadan alınan örneklerden % 12.4 (21/169)'ünde S.aureus tespit edilirken, %87.5(148/169)'inde koagülaz negetif stafilokok üremesi tespit edildi. Bu patojenler dışındaki diğer etken Gram pozitif mikroorganizmaların izolasyon oranları; %23.6 (40/169) S.haemolyticus, %16.5 (28/169) S.hominis, %2.36 (4/169) S.capitis, %0.5 (1/169) oranında ise S.salivarius, S.warneri, S.lentus, idi. Çalışmada S.aureus kökenlerinde klindamisin %19.0 (4/21), eritromisin %33.3 (7/21), gentamisin %14.3 (3/21), penisilin %83,71 (18/21), tetrasiklin %33.3 (7/21), oksasilin %14.3 (3/21) olarak bulunurkan, suşların tamamının vankomisine karşı duyarlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Koagülaz negatif stafilokok kökenlerinde ise direnç oranları; oksasilin için; %16.9 (25/148), eritromisin için; %22 (32/148), gentamisin için; %14.9 (22/148), klindamisin için; %14.2 (21/148), tetrasiklin için %38.5 (54/148), penisilin için ise %83,1 (123/148) olarak bulurken, vankomisin direncine rastlanmadı. Kan kültürlerinden izole edilen 21 S.aureus'dan; 21 (%100)'inin femA, 21 (%100)'inin 16srRNA, 13 (%62)'inin mecA, 7(%33,3)'sinin ermA, 8(%38.1)'inin ermC, 8(%38.1)' inin tetK, 7(%33.3)'sinin tetM, 4(%19)'ünün aac(6')/aph(2''), 3(%14.3) 'ünün aph(3')-IIIa , 2(%9.5)' sinin ant(4')-Ia genleri açısından pozitif olduğu tespit edilirken (Şekil 4.5); 148 KNS'den 28 (%18,9)'inin mecA, 0 (%0)'nın femA, 148 (%100)'inin 16SrDNA, 49(%33,1)'unun ermC, 49(%33.1) 'unun ermA, 34(%22.9)'ünün tetK, 58(%39.2) 'inin tetM, 50(%33.8) 'sinin aac(6')/aph(2''), 17(%11.5)'sinin aph(3')-IIIa , 9(%6,1) 'unun ant(4')-Ia genleri açısından pozitif olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda Gram pozitif bakteriler arasında kökenlerin çoğunda yüksek oranda ilaç direncine rastlanmış olup, antimikrobiyal direnç tespitinde hızlı ve daha güvenilir yöntemler olan PCR tabanlı yöntemler tercih edilmelidir. Nozokomiyal infeksiyonların önlenmesi için ilaç dirençli kökenlerin insidansını azaltmada akılcı antibiyotik kullanımına dikkat edilmelidir
  • [ N/A ]
    Öğe
    The relationship between acute coronary artery diseases with c-reactive protein +1059 G/C and angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D gene polymorphisms
    (E-Century Publishing Corporation, 2016) Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Fansa, Iyad; Duran, Nizami; Jenedi, Kemal; Onlen, Cansu; Miraloglu, Meral; Yigin, Akin
    Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of an association between the CRP +1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms and patients who were diagnosed to have acute coronary syndrome and underwent coronary angiography. Methods: A total of 126 patients (mean age: 60.0±12.9) and 144 healthy individuals (mean age: 52.1±13.0) were included to this study. The presence of CRP +1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms were analyzed using the RFLP method. Results: When the patient and control groups were evaluated in terms of ACE I/D gene polymorphism, no statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of ACE DD and ACE ID between the two groups (P>0.05), while the percentage of ACE II genotype was statistically significantly higher in the patient group compared with the control group (P<0.032). For the distribution of CRP G/C genotype; CRP GG, CRP GC and CRP CC genotype frequencies were similar in the patient and control groups (P>0.05). When the presence of the ACE I/D genotype and CRP G/C genotype was compared in patients with vessel disease (one vessel, two vessels and three vessels) among the patients with coronary artery diseases with the control group, statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (P<0.05). In addition, the frequency of the ACE I/D genotype in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease was statistically significantly higher (P<0.033). Also, the frequency of the CRP +1059 G/C genotype was found to be statistically significantly higher in the patient group (P<0.026). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that CRP +1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms may be a genetic marker associated with coronary artery disease in patients diagnosed with ACS. © 2016, E-Century Publishing Corporation. All rights reserved.
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    Öğe
    The relationship between acute coronary artery diseases with c-reactive protein+1059 G/C and angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D gene polymorphisms
    (E-Century Publishing Corp, 2016) Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Fansa, Iyad; Duran, Nizami; Jenedi, Kemal; Onlen, Cansu; Miraloglu, Meral; Yigin, Akin
    Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of an association between the CRP + 1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms and patients who were diagnosed to have acute coronary syndrome and underwent coronary angiography. Methods: A total of 126 patients (mean age: 60.0 +/- 12.9) and 144 healthy individuals (mean age: 52.1 +/- 13.0) were included to this study. The presence of CRP + 1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms were analyzed using the RFLP method. Results: When the patient and control groups were evaluated in terms of ACE I/D gene polymorphism, no statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of ACE DD and ACE ID between the two groups (P>0.05), while the percentage of ACE II genotype was statistically significantly higher in the patient group compared with the control group (P<0.032). For the distribution of CRP G/C genotype; CRP GG, CRP GC and CRP CC genotype frequencies were similar in the patient and control groups (P>0.05). When the presence of the ACE I/D genotype and CRP G/C genotype was compared in patients with vessel disease (one vessel, two vessels and three vessels) among the patients with coronary artery diseases with the control group, statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (P<0.05). In addition, the frequency of the ACE I/D genotype in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease was statistically significantly higher (P<0.033). Also, the frequency of the CRP + 1059 G/C genotype was found to be statistically significantly higher in the patient group (P<0.026). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that CRP + 1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms may be a genetic marker associated with coronary artery disease in patients diagnosed with ACS.
  • [ N/A ]
    Öğe
    Relationship between the resistance genes to quaternary ammonium compounds and antibiotic resistance in staphylococci isolated from surgical site infections
    (Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2014) Temiz, Muhyittin; Duran, Nizami; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Eryilmaz, Naciye; Jenedi, Kemal
    Background: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of disinfectant resistance genes (qacA/qacB, qacC) and the aminoglycosides resistance genes [(aac(6') aph(2 ''), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia)] in both S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains (CoNS) isolated from surgical site infections. Material/Methods: Totally, 130 staphylococcal strains isolated from surgical site infections between January 2012 and February 2013 were included in the study. The PCR technique was employed to verify any presence of methicillin resistance gene (mecA), aminoglycoside resistance genes [(aac(6')/aph (2 ''), aph(3)-III a ant (4')-1a)], and disinfectant resistance genes (qacA/qacB, qacC) in staphylococci. Results: MecA gene was determined in 58 (44.6%) of 130 staphylococcal isolates. A total of 28 (73.7%) of 38 S. aureus isolates were found to be positive for the mecA gene, and 4 (12.9%) of 31 isolates sensitive to amikacin were sensitive to methicillin. Eighteen (47.4%) of 38 amikacin-resistant S. aureus isolates were found to be positive for qacA/qacB genes and 11 (8.9%) of them were positive for qacC gene. Both mecA and qacA/qacB genes were found to be positive at the same time in 19 amikacin-resistant S. aureus strains. Seven (18.4%) S. aureus isolates were determined to be positive for qacA/qacB and qacC genes. Frequency of qacA/B genes was found to be 47.4% among amikacin-resistant S. aureus strains, while qacC gene was found to be 28.9% (p<0.05). The ratio of qacA/B and qacC genes in CoNS was found to be 37.9% and 20.7%, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions: Quaternary ammonium resistance genes were found to be positive at a remarkable ratio in the staphylococcal isolates from surgical wounds. Especially, the high rates of aminoglycosides and methicillin-resistance gene was remarkable in S. aureus isolates. Quaternary ammonium resistance genes were found to be positive.