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Öğe Changes in Quality Parameters of 'Satsuma' Mandarin during Fruit Development and Their Relationship with Optimum Harvest Maturity(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2010) Ozdemir, A. E.; Candir, E. E.; Kaplankiran, M.The objective of this study was to determine quality changes of the 'Satsuma' mandarin cultivar growing in Dortyol and Samandag districts of Hatay province in Turkey. The research was carried out in 2003-2004. Fruits were obtained from trees which were grafted on Sour Orange rootstock. Fruit width, length and weight, skin color (L*, h degrees), fruit juice, total soluble solid (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), juice pH and TSS/TA were measured on fruit samples in similar size that were collected from trees from June to ripening. Samples were taken at 7 to 15 days interval during fruit development. Data indicated that skin color especially h degrees value of CIE L*a*b*, fruit juice, TSS and TSS/TA were important criteria in determining optimum harvest maturity. This period lays between mid-October (177-185 days after full bloom) for 'Satsuma' mandarins in Dortyol and Samandag.Öğe Changes of Non-Structural Carbohydrate in Leaves and Shoots of Different Persimmon Cultivars during Plant Development(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2013) Yildiz, E.; Kaplankiran, M.The seasonal changes in the carbohydrate content in the leaves and shoots of ten persimmon genotypes grafted on Diospyros lotus were investigated throughout the 2009 and 2010 seasons. In the leaves, carbohydrate fractions decreased from April to June, then increased during fruit development until September and then reduced during autumn leaf-fall. Similar trends were found in fructose, glucose, sucrose and total sugar contents. Starch and total carbohydrate contents decreased in the leaves during the vegetative period and then increased from mid-and late summer to November. During the entire growing season, mean total sugar, starch and total carbohydrate contents in the leaves ranged from 5.89 ('Vainiglia') to 7.01% ('Hachiya'), from 3.88 ('Amankaki') to 4.96% ('Jirou') and from 10.40 ('Vainiglia') to 11.66% ('Jirou'), respectively. Sharp decreases in reducing sugar, soluble sugar and total carbohydrate content in the shoots occurred in April or after budbreak. These decreases continued until late summer, and then accumulation in the shoots began from September to December. There was a slow decline in the starch concentration during the vegetative growth phase from January to June, then increases occurred until the end of the year. During the whole year, the leaves contained more fructose, glucose, total sugar and starch contents than the shoots. Net photosynthetic rate of persimmon cultivars increased from April to September, and then decreased until leaf-fall. The net photosynthetic rate of different persimmon cultivars ranged from 5.35 ('Amankaki') to 6.40 mu mol CO2 m(-2) s(-1) ('Eylul') over the entire vegetation period.Öğe Performance of "rio red" grapefruit on seven rootstocks in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey(Tarbiat Modares University, 2014) Yildiz, E.; Kaplankiran, M.; Hakan Demirkeser, T.; Toplu, C.; Uysal-Kamiloglu, M.The effects of rootstocks such as 'sour orange' (Citrus aurantium L. var. 'Yerli'), 'Carrizo' and 'Troyer citranges' (Citrus sinensis Osb. x Poncirus trifoliata Raf), 'Smooth Flat Seville sour orange' (Citrus spp. hybrid of uncertain origin), 'Brazilian sour orange' (Citrus aurantiam L. var. 'Brasilian'), 'Volkameriana' (Citrus volkameriana Tan. and Pasq.) and 'Calamondin' (possibly Citrus reticulate var. austere×Fortunella hybrid, Swingle) on plant growth, fruit yield, and quality of 'Rio Red' grapefruit were investigated from 2008 to 2012. Rootstocks were found to have significant effects on plant growth, fruit yield, and quality. 'Rio Red' grapefruit trees budded on 'Carrizo' and 'Troyer citranges' showed higher vegetative growth parameters (canopy height, diameter, and volume) than the trees on the other rootstocks. The trees on 'Volkameriana' and 'Carrizo citrange' produced higher percentage of cumulative yield of about 55.1 and 34.3%, respectively, than the trees on 'sour orange'. 'Rio Red' grapefruit budded on 'Carrizo citrange' had higher fruit quality such as thin rind, high juice content, and more color development than the other rootstocks. 'Carrizo citrange' was the most promising rootstock for 'Rio Red' grapefruit in Dörtyol, Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey.Öğe Performance of ''Rio Red'' Grapefruit on Seven Rootstocks in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey(Tarbiat Modares Univ, 2014) Yildiz, E.; Kaplankiran, M.; Demirkeser, T. Hakan; Toplu, C.; Uysal-Kamiloglu, M.The effects of rootstocks such as 'sour orange' (Citrus aurantium L. var. 'Yerli'), 'Carrizo' and 'Troyer citranges' (Citrus sinensis Osb. x Poncirus trifoliata Raf), 'Smooth Flat Seville sour orange' (Citrus spp. hybrid of uncertain origin), 'Brazilian sour orange' (Citrus aurantiam L. var. 'Brasilian'), 'Volkameriana' (Citrus volkameriana Tan. and Pasq.) and 'Calamondin' (possibly Citrus reticulate var. austerexFortunella hybrid, Swingle) on plant growth, fruit yield, and quality of 'Rio Red' grapefruit were investigated from 2008 to 2012. Rootstocks were found to have significant effects on plant growth, fruit yield, and quality. 'Rio Red' grapefruit trees budded on 'Carrizo' and 'Troyer citranges' showed higher vegetative growth parameters (canopy height, diameter, and volume) than the trees on the other rootstocks. The trees on 'Volkameriana' and 'Carrizo citrange' produced higher percentage of cumulative yield of about 55.1 and 34.3%, respectively, than the trees on 'sour orange'. 'Rio Red' grapefruit budded on 'Carrizo citrange' had higher fruit quality such as thin rind, high juice content, and more color development than the other rootstocks. 'Carrizo citrange' was the most promising rootstock for 'Rio Red' grapefruit in Dortyol, Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey.Öğe Seasonal Variations in Mineral Nutrients in Leaves and Shoots of Some Persimmon Cultivars Grown in Turkey(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2013) Yildiz, E.; Kaplankiran, M.Persimmon cultivars such as 'Vainiglia', 'Kaki Tipo', 'O-Gosho', 'Fuyu', 'Jirou', 'Hana Fuyu', 'Hachiya' and 'Amankaki', and genotypes such as 'Eylul' and 'Harbiye' were studied during a two-year period, from 2009 to 2010 in Dortyol-Hatay (Turkey). N, P, K, Na, Fe, Zn and Cu concentrations in the leaves of different persimmon genotypes decreased during vegetation cycle, whereas Ca, Mg and Mn contents increased during the same period. N, P, Mg, Zn and Mn contents in the shoots showed slightly different trend with one another. These nutrients reduced rapidly after budbreak, and the decreases continued during the growing season until mid-and late summer, then accumulations of them slowly began after fruit maturity. In the entire growing season, mean macro-nutrients such as N, P and K contents changed from 2.47 ('Jirou') to 2.84% ('Harbiye'), from 0.10 ('Eylul') to 0.15% ('O-Gosho') and from 0.89 ('Harbiye') to 1.61% ('O-Gosho'), respectively, and mean micro-nutrients such as Fe, Zn and Mn contents ranged between 53.19 ('Kaki Tipo') and 66.31 mg/L ('Fuyu'), between 7.34 ('Amankaki') and 11.90 mg/L ('Fuyu') and between 199.91 mg/L ('Kaki Tipo') and 306.90 mg/L ('Harbiye'), respectively. While N, K, Mg, Ca, Fe and Mn contents were more in the leaves than in the shoots, P, Na, Zn and Cu contents in the leaves were similar with those in the shoots.Öğe Variation in some growth, fruit yield and quality characteristics of different persimmon cultivars in dörtyol-hatay (Turkey)(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2013) Yildiz, E.; Kaplankiran, M.Persimmon cultivars with pollination constant non-astringent ('O-Gosho', 'Fuyu', 'Jirou' and 'Hana Fuyu'), pollination variant non-astringent ('Amankaki', 'Vainiglia', 'Kaki Tipo' and 'Harbiye') and pollination constant astringent ('Hachiya' and 'Eylül') were studied in Dörtyol-Hatay (Turkey) between 2009 and 2010. Some characteristics such as growth, fruit set, fruit yield and quality of different persimmon cultivars were determined. After bud burst occurred in late March - early April, rapid shoot growth took place and it was almost complet within a month. Shoot length ranged between 12.49 cm ('Kaki Tipo') and 15.54 cm ('Fuyu') for different persimmon cultivars. Rootstock-scion union ratio was the most ideal for 'Amankaki' (0.957), but it was undesirably low for 'Fuyu' (0.872). As much as 53.6% fruit drop was observed in the one month period after the flowering and pollination, and gradually decreased toward harvest. The highest fruit set ratio (31.9%) was found in 'Fuyu'. The most regular fruit bearing cultivars, estimated by alternate bearing index, were 'Jirou', 'Hana Fuyu' and 'Eylül' (0.16-0.20), whereas 'Hachiya' exhibited strong biennial bearing (0.57). Yield per tree was the highest in 'Eylül', 'Amankaki' and 'Fuyu' (50-52 kg/tree), whereas 'Harbiye' and 'O-Gosho' had the lowest yield (15 kg/tree). 'Hana Fuyu' had the highest average fruit weight (263.98 g). The maximum total soluble solid content at harvesting maturity was found for 'Hachiya' as 20.87%.Öğe Variation in Some Growth, Fruit Yield and Quality Characteristics of Different Persimmon Cultivars in Dortyol-Hatay (Turkey)(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2013) Yildiz, E.; Kaplankiran, M.Persimmon cultivars with pollination constant non-astringent ('O-Gosho', 'Fuyu', 'Jirou' and 'Hana Fuyu'), pollination variant non-astringent ('Amankaki', 'Vainiglia', 'Kaki Tipo' and 'Harbiye') and pollination constant astringent ('Hachiya' and 'Eylul') were studied in Dortyol-Hatay (Turkey) between 2009 and 2010. Some characteristics such as growth, fruit set, fruit yield and quality of different persimmon cultivars were determined. After bud burst occurred in late March - early April, rapid shoot growth took place and it was almost complet within a month. Shoot length ranged between 12.49 cm ('Kaki Tipo') and 15.54 cm ('Fuyu') for different persimmon cultivars. Rootstock-scion union ratio was the most ideal for 'Amankaki' (0.957), but it was undesirably low for 'Fuyu' (0.872). As much as 53.6% fruit drop was observed in the one month period after the flowering and pollination, and gradually decreased toward harvest. The highest fruit set ratio (31.9%) was found in 'Fuyu'. The most regular fruit bearing cultivars, estimated by alternate bearing index, were 'Jirou', 'Hana Fuyu' and 'Eylul' (0.16-0.20), whereas 'Hachiya' exhibited strong biennial bearing (0.57). Yield per tree was the highest in 'Eylul', 'Amankaki' and 'Fuyu' (50-52 kg/tree), whereas 'Harbiye' and 'O-Gosho' had the lowest yield (15 kg/tree). 'Hana Fuyu' had the highest average fruit weight (263.98 g). The maximum total soluble solid content at harvesting maturity was found for 'Hachiya' as 20.87%.Öğe Yield and fruit quality performance of Nova and Robinson mandarins on three rootstocks in Eastern Mediterranean(Academic Journals, 2009) Demirkeser, T. H.; Kaplankiran, M.; Toplu, C.; Yildiz, E.Yield and fruit quality performances of Nova and Robinson mandarins were evaluated in the Mediterranean climate of Dortyol, Hatay, Turkey from 2002 to 2007. The cumulative yields of both Nova and Robinson mandarins over this 6 year production period were highest on Carrizo citrange and smallest on Troyer citrange. The fruit weight and seed content were affected by the rootstock in Nova mandarin. The heaviest fruits were obtained from Troyer citrange. For Robinson mandarins, the fruit weight and size were not affected by the rootstock, whereas the fruit color and skin structure were found to be affected by the rootstocks. In the two mandarin cultivars evaluated, the rind thickness, juice content, total soluble solids (TSS), total acidity (TA) and TSS/TA ratio were similar when the rootstocks were compared. For Nova and Robinson mandarins, all of the rootstocks gave good fruit quality for the fresh fruit markets in the Eastern Mediterranean region. In conclusion, we propose Carrizo and Troyer citranges as an alternative to sour orange rootstocks.
