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    Comparative Evaluation of Transgenic and Non Transgenic Tobacco for the Phytoextraction of Nickel-Contaminated Soils
    (Foundation Environmental Protection & Research-Fepr, 2012) Daghan, Hatice; Koleli, Nurcan
    Nickel (Ni) accumulation ability and phytoextraction potential of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Petit Havana SR-1 and Metallothionein II (MTII) gene transferred transgenic plants (p-S-ScMTII) of the same cultivar were grown in hydroponic culture containing 0, 5 and 10 mg L-1 Ni for 14 days. The effects of increasing Ni concentrations on plant dry matter production, Ni accumulation, chlorophyll and glutathione concentration were investigated. Moderate wilting and wrinkling were observed upon Ni treatments at the early stage of the growth, these symptoms severely increased at the harvest in both plant types. In addition, poor root growth and dark brown colour were observed. Dry matter content of transgenic tobacco was lower than that of the non-transgenic one. With the increasing Ni doses, Ni concentration, chlorophyll level and -SH (glutathione) concentration increased. Results showed that transgenic tobacco (128 mg kg(-1)) accumulated about 1.47-fold more Ni than that of non-transgenic one in shoots (87 mg kg-1) at 10 mg L-1 Ni treatment. Consequently, transfering the MTII gene into the plants to be used for phytoextraction may be regarded as promissing in improving Ni accumulation ability of plants.
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    Copper Removal by SCMT II Transgenic and Wild Type Tobacco in Hydroponic System - a Comparative Study
    (Chiminform Data S A, 2012) Daghan, Hatice; Uygur, Veli; Arslan, Mehmet; Koleli, Nurcan
    Saccharomyces cerevisiae metallothionein-II (ScMT-II) genes expressed in Nicotiana tabacum and wild tobacco were grown for 14 days in growth chamber as hydroponics containing 0, 5, and 10 Cu mg L-1 to determine their Cu accumulation ability and to study Cu compartmentation in shoots and roots. Wild type (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. Petite Havana SRI) and transgenic tobacco (p-S-ScMTII) plants wilted severely, showed stunted root growth with structural deformation. Shoot dry weight, Cu, and free sulphydryl (-SH) groups showed significant differences between transgenic and wild type tobacco plants. Copper accumulation in roots was 7.78 and 10.8 g kg(-1) for transgenic and wild type tobacco, respectively. The study revealed that despite high Cu accumulation in roots, its translocation from roots to shoots was inhibited probably due to blockage and dieback in the root collar. It can be concluded that the main cause of failure in MTII gene induced Cu accumulation in shoots was collapse of root collars due to Cu toxicity. Thus it was not possible to judge the real effect of the MT gene.
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    The Effect of Heavy Metal Treatments on Uptake of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Transgenic and Non-Transgenic Tobacco Plants
    (Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2013) Daghan, Hatice; Uygur, Veli; Koleli, Nurcan; Arslan, Mehmet; Eren, Abdullah
    Heavy metals affect nutrient uptake of plants by means of either effecting root development and transport systems or interfering with other plant nutrients in soil solution. In this study, the effect of toxic levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni) on the uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were investigated in hydroponic culture. There was no toxicity sign in 5 mg Zn L-1 level but the rest of the heavy metals used caused different extent of toxicity. The first visual signs of toxicity for these heavy metals were chlorosis and the reduction in shoot and root biomass due to inhibition of metabolic functions. As a result, N, P, K uptake significantly changed. As the ratio of percent decreases for N, P, K uptake were considered, the toxicity levels of the heavy metals were, in descending order, Ni > Cu > Zn > Cd. Ni had the element that having most serious inhibition effect on the concentration of all three elements, the order of other heavy metals were determined as Cu > Zn > Cd for P and Cu > Cd > Zn for K.
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    Transformation of Tobacco with ScMTII Gene-Enhanced Cadmium and Zinc Accumulation
    (Wiley, 2013) Daghan, Hatice; Arslan, Mehmet; Uygur, Veli; Koleli, Nurcan
    Genetic transformation is gaining importance for developing plant types suitable to metal accumulate and/or hyperaccumulate. In this study, the transgenic tobacco plant which transferred the ScMTII gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to wild type tobacco cultivar Petite Havana (SR1) was grown on soils with low and high cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in a growth chamber for 6 weeks and compared to wild type tobacco for Cd and Zn accumulation. Cadmium and Zn accumulations in the transgenic and wild type tobacco plants were increased with the increasing Cd and Zn concentrations. Unlike Zn, the transgenic plant accumulated significantly higher amount of Cd compared to the wild type control plants. Shoot Cd concentrations of transgenic tobacco in higher Cd dosages reached the above the hyperaccumulation threshold value of 100mgCdkg1 in the dry weight (DW). Transgenic tobacco accumulated 354, 400, 372, and 457mgCdkg1 DW, for 10, 20, 40, and 80mgCdkg1 soil treatments, respectively. These values are 3.54.5-fold higher than that of Cd hyperaccumulation threshold value. With 10mgkg1 Cd treatment, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of transgenic tobacco plants for Cd reached up to 35 in which the threshold value for BCF should be at least 10. Our results showed that the transgenic tobacco may be used as a good Cd hyperaccumulator plant and for phytoextraction of Cd contaminated soils, but not for Zn.