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Antibacterial activity of propolis against MRSA and synergism with topical mupirocin
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2007) Onlen, Yusuf; Duran, Nizami; Atik, Esin; Savas, Lutfu; Altug, Enes; Yakan, Selvinaz; Aslantas, Ozkan
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the activity of the propolis and its combinations with mupirocin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in nasal carriage. Methods: This study was carried out between June and August 2005. To infect nares of the rabbits, MRSA ( ATCC 33591) strain was used. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Each inoculum was prepared in the same medium at a density adjusted to a 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard (10(5) colony- forming units [cfu]/ mL) and diluted 1: 100 for the broth microdilution procedure. Ten microliters (10 mu L) (10(5) cfu/mL) of the bacterial suspension containing approximately 1000 cfu of MRSA was administered with sterile microsyringe through both nostrils of each rabbit. Ninety-six ( 96) hours after inoculation, the presence of infection was confirmed by using bacterial cultures. Twenty-six young New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each treatment group ( 1, 2, and 3) included 7 rabbits and control group ( group 4) included 5 rabbits. Group 1 was treated with topical mupirocin + ethanolic extract of propolis drops, group 2 received topical mupirocin, group 3 was administered ethanolic extract of propolis drops, and the control group ( group 4) was only treated with phosphate-buffered solution drops for 7 days. At the end of study, nasal cultures and smears were obtained for bacterial count and cytologic examination. Results: The colony numbers of bacteria in group 1 were determined to be significantly lower than in group 2 (p= 0.0001), group 3 (p = 0.0001), and group 4 ( p = 0.0001). The mean bacterial cell counts of groups 1- 4 were 360.2 +/- 52.4 cfu/ mL, 4120.6 +/- 860.4 cfu/ mL, 5980.8 +/- 1240.6 cfu/ mL, and 11500.0 +/- 2568.4 cfu/ mL, respectively. Mupirocin + propolis administration ( group 1) resulted in a significant reduction in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) count in the mucous membranes of rabbits compared with the other treatment groups ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Propolis addition to mupirocin regimen was found to result in more profound reduction in bacterial cell count and inflammatory response compared with the rest of the treatment modalities.
Antibiotic resistance genes & susceptibility patterns in staphylococci
(Indian Council Medical Res, 2012) Duran, Nizami; Ozer, Burcin; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Onlen, Yusuf; Demir, Cemil
Background & objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the association between the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the antibiotic resistance genes in staphylococcal isolates obtained from various clinical samples of patients attending a teaching hospital in Hatay, Turkey. Methods: A total of 298 staphylococci clinical isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The genes implicated in resistance to oxacillin (mecA), gentamicin (aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia), erythromycin (ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA), tetracyclin (tetK; tetM), and penicillin (blaZ) were amplified using multiplex PCR method. Results: Methicillin resistance rate among 139 Staphlococcus aureus isolates was 16.5 and 25.9 per cent of S. aureus carried mecA gene. Of the 159 CoNS isolates, methicillin resistance rate was 18.9 and 29.6 per cent carried mecA gene. Ninety four isolates identified as gentamicin resistant phenotypically, contained at least one of the gentamicin resistance genes [aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia], 17 gentamicin-susceptible isolates were found as positive in terms of one or more resistance genes [aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia] by multiplex PCR. A total of 165 isolates were resistant to erythromycin, and contained at least one of the erythromycin resistance genes (ermA,ermB, ermC and msrA). Phenotypically, 106 staphylococcal isolates were resistant to tetracycline, 121 isolates carried either tetK or tetM or both resistance genes. The majority of staphylococci tested possessed the blaZ gene (89.9%). Interpretation & conclusions: The present results showed that the phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility patterns were not similar to those obtained by genotyping done by multiplex PCR. Rapid and reliable methods for antibiotic susceptibility are important to determine the appropriate therapy decisions. Multiplex PCR can be used for confirmation of the results obtained by conventional phenotypic methods, when needed.
Association of insulin resistance, viral load, and adipokine levels with liver histology in patients with chronic hepatitis C: an observational, multicenter study in Turkey
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012) Aksu, Hasan S. Zeki; Kurtaran, Behice; Onlen, Yusuf; Namiduru, Mustafa; Inkaya, Ahmet C.; Kandemir, Ozlem; Doran, Figen
Objective To evaluate the association of insulin resistance (IR), viral load, and adipokine levels with liver histology in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Patients and methods In this noninterventional, multicenter study carried out at 11 infectious diseases clinics in Turkey, 103 CHC patients [mean (SD) age: 50.2 (11.0) years, 60 (58.3%) women] planned to be treated by ribavirin and peginterferon-alpha 2a were included. Data on hepatic fibrosis and steatosis, IR, viral load, and hepatitis C virus-RNA genotyping, adipokine, and cytokine levels were collected. Results The mean (SD) Knodell score was 8.1 (3.6); grade I steatosis was evident in 46 (44.7%) patients and IR was identified in 56 (54.9%). There was a significant positive correlation of the homeostasis model assessment-IR index with Knodell fibrosis (r=0.235; P=0.027) and hepatic steatosis (r=0.435; P<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation of leptin levels with Knodell fibrosis (r=0.265; P=0.013) and hepatic activity index (r=0.218; P=0.041). Hepatic steatosis was correlated negatively with adiponectin (r=-0.320; P=0.001) and positively with leptin (r=-0.368; P<0.001) levels. Logistic regression analysis showed that increase in age [odds ratio (OR), 1.056; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.005-1.110; P=0.030] was the only significant predictor of hepatic fibrosis (OR, 1.056; 95% CI, 1.005-1.110; P=0.030), whereas increase in age (OR, 1.066; 95% CI, 1.006-1.130; P=0.030), the presence of IR (OR, 5.621; 95% CI, 1.547-20.425; P=0.009), and decrease in adiponectin levels (OR, 0.808; 95% CI, 0.682-0.957; P=0.013) were the significant predictors of hepatic steatosis. Conclusion Our findings indicate a significant relationship of hepatic fibrosis and hepatic steatosis with IR and leptin levels, but not with the viral load in Turkish patients with CHC. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 24:1393-1399 (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Brucella seropositivity in south and southeast Turkey
(Saudi Med J, 2006) Emekdas, Gural; Aslan, Gonul; Tezcan, Seda; Ciragil, Pinar; Bayraktar, Mehmet R.; Onlen, Yusuf; Aktas, Esin
[Abstract Not Available]
BRUCELLAR SPONDYLODISCITIS IN THE CERVICAL REGION
(Professional Medical Publications, 2010) Evirgen, Omer; Altas, Murat; Davran, Ramazan; Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi; Onlen, Yusuf
Diagnosis of brucella infection may be difficult, because it can mimic many other diseases. We report a 57-year old man who had presented with the complaints of radiculopathy, and was diagnosed as cervical spondylodiscitis. The spondylodiscitis was diagnosed via rose bengal test, positive serology, and positive culture results after the initial suspicion with magnetic resonance imaging. Streptomycin for 14 days and doxycycline rifampicin for tree months were used for the treatment. Brucellar spondylodiscitis in the cervical region is a rare presentation, beside that prognosis with early diagnosis and adequate treatment is good.
Brucellar spondylodiscitis in the cervical region
(2010) Evirgen, Omer; Altas, Murat; Davran, Ramazan; Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi; Onlen, Yusuf
Diagnosis of brucella infection may be difficult, because it can mimic many other diseases. We report a 57-year old man who had presented with the complaints of radiculopathy, and was diagnosed as cervical spondylodiscitis. The spondylodiscitis was diagnosed via rose bengal test, positive serology, and positive culture results after the initial suspicion with magnetic resonance imaging. Streptomycin for 14 days and doxycycline rifampicin for tree months were used for the treatment. Brucellar spondylodiscitis in the cervical region is a rare presentation, beside that prognosis with early diagnosis and adequate treatment is good.
Causes of nosocomial pneumonia and evaluation of risk factors in a university hospital in Turkey
(Saudi Med J, 2007) Savas, Lutfu; Onlen, Yusuf; Duran, Nizami; Savas, Nazan
Objective: To determine the incidence, risk factors, mortality rate, and organisms causing nosocomial pneumonia (NP). Methods: We carried out this study in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), General Medical and Surgical wards of Baskent University, Training and Research Hospital in Adana, Turkey, between November 2000 and August 2002. Patients were observed from the time of admission until 48 hours after discharge from the hospital. Results: In this study, 618 (2.1%) nosocomial infections (NIs) were detected in 29778 patients. One hundred and fifteen of these infections were NP and investigated with surveillance prospectively. The most frequently isolated microorganisms in NP were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 32.8%, Pseudomonas species 21.5%, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) 10.2%, Klebsiella species (9.1%) and Acinetobacter species 5.9%, E coli; 5.4% (10/186), Streptococcus species; 4.8% (9/186), Candida species; 4.8% (9/186), Enterobacter species; 2.7% (5/186) and the other bacteria; 2.7%. The predominant pathogens isolated in this study were MRSA (33.8%), Pseudomonas species (16.9%) and MSSA (16.9%) in early-onset pneumonias and MRSA (32.2%), Pseudomonas species (24.0%), and Klebsiella species (10.7%) in late-onset pneumonias. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the possibility of developing NP, significantly increases with such risk factors as decreased level of consciousness, respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy. Each center should know its patients' profile, the factors that increase the infection, the antibiotic resistance patterns of microorganisms, and the distribution of hospital infections in every department. Strategies to prevent both development of antibiotic resistance and spread of resistant organisms are necessary.
Ceftriaxone-Associated Biliary Sludge and Pseudolithiasis in Children
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007) Onlen, Yusuf; Gali, Edip; Incecik, Faruk; Deviren, Mehmet; Savas, Lutfu
Detection of incidence and the risk factors of ceftriaxone (CTX)-associated pseudolithiasis (PL) in children. One hundred fourteen patients (75 boys and 39 girls) who used CTX for the treatment of various infections were admitted to the study. Pseudolithiasis was diagnosed by ultrasonography (USG). Ultrasonography was performed at the beginning, on the 5th and 10th days, and at the end of the treatment. Weekly USG was performed to patients who had PL until the findings improved. It was investigated whether the age, sex, weight, treatment duration, dosage, and the way of administration have effects on PL development. Ceftriaxone was administered intravenously. Fifty-seven patients received oncedaily and 57 patients received twice-daily dosage. Pseudolithiasis was observed in 37 (32.5%) of 114 patients. Age, sex, weight, treatment duration, and dosage had no role in PL development, whereas once-or twice-daily administration was found effective. Once-daily dosage of CTX treatment is recommended because of its lower incidence of PL development. Besides that USG should be performed regarding the risk of PL in children who are treated with CTX, further studies are necessary to determine the risk factors.
Comparative trial of different anti-bacterial combinations with propolis and ciprofloxacin on Pseudomonas keratitis in rabbits
(Elsevier Gmbh, 2007) Onlen, Yusuf; Tamer, Cengaver; Oksuz, Huseyin; Duran, Nizami; Altug, Mehmet Enes; Yakan, Selvinaz
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of five different treatment combinations to find out whether propolis could be an alternative or an adjunctive treatment, in experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. Intrastromal P aeruginosa strains were given to both eyes of 20 young New Zealand white rabbits. The rabbits were randomly divided equally into five treatment groups; ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone drops (C+D), ciprofloxacin drop (C), ciprofloxacin and propolis drops (C+P), propolis drop (P), 3% ethanol drop (control), respectively. Directly before the first treatment and 108h after inoculation, the eyes were examined by slit lamp to assess the corneal opacity and rabbits were sacrificed for bacterial count. The mean corneal opacity scores and the mean bacterial counts log cfu/ml were significantly different in the treatment groups (P = 0.001; ANOVA). According to post hoc tests for both the mean bacterial counts and corneal opacity scores, C+D, C, C+P groups were found to be statistically the same (P > 0.05), and although the P group had significantly better scores than the control group it did not reach the scores of the rest of the treatment groups (P < 0.01). We conclude that propolis may be a useful adjunctive agent but should not be regarded as a replacement for traditional antibiotic therapy for P aeruginosa keratitis in rabbits. (c) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Determination of Imported Malaria Cases in Hatay by the Use of Molecular Methods
(Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2018) Culha, Gulnaz; Zeyrek, Fadile Yildlz; Onlen, Yusuf; Yentur Doni, Nebiye
Malaria, being among the most important diseases throughout history, is still an important public health problem among parasitic diseases due to increasing population movements with various reasons such as migration, war and travel. According to WHO data each year 300-350 million people get exposed to malaria, each year 1.5-2.7 million people die from malaria and also 40% of the world's population is still at risk for this disease. According to World Health Organisation (WHO) data, imported cases were not reported since 2013 in our country. However among imported cases Plasmodium falciparum malaria can be observed. The aim of this study wasto draw attention to the imported malaria cases increasing gradually and to the importance of the chemoprophylaxis in terms of malaria before travelling. In the study, male patients who have admitted to Hatay Province Malaria Center or Mustafa Kemal University Infectious Disease Department, ages between 25-60 years, were analyzed. All of the patients have worked abroad before. Patients were mostly from Sudan but there were also patients from endemic regions such as Africa, Nigeria, Pakistan, Mali island. The cases were evaluated according to age, gender and whether they had travel stories in Turkey or abroad. Blood samples taken from the patients were firstly prepared by thin and thick smear preparations and examined microscopically by staining with Giemsa stain method. Samples that were found positive by microscopic examination were impregnated on drying papers and genotyped using nested-PCR. Out of the 30 samples from patients who had traveled to endemic countries before, determined as positive by microscopical examination and genotyped by nested-PCR, 16 of them were identified as P.falciparum, six of them as P.vivax and eight of them as P.falciparum/ P.vivax. The study suggested that malaria prophylaxis has to be applied before travelling to endemic countries, in return imported malaria has to be considered one of the first diseases in mind and people who will travel should be informed about this disease before travel.
Effect of Thymoquinone on Oxidative Stress in Escherichia coli-Induced Pyelonephritis in Rats
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2011) Evirgen, Omer; Gokce, Ahmet; Ozturk, Oktay Hasan; Nacar, Emel; Onlen, Yusuf; Ozer, Burcin; Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi
BACKGROUND: Recurrent urinary tract infections are important in children and adults with diabetes mellitus and/or incontinence due to risk of pyelonephritis (PYN) and renal damage. There is a positive correlation released free radicals during PYN and renal damage. Experimental studies showed that antioxidant agents improve renal damage when used immediately after bacterial inoculation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether treatment by thymoquinone (TQ) before or during Escherichia coli inoculation prevents oxidative damage in acute pyelonephritis (PYN) in an ascending obstructive rat model. METHODS: In this study, 42 Wistar rats were grouped as follows: control, PYN (24, 48, and 72 hours), and TQ-PYN (24, 48, and 72 hours). E. coli (1 x 10(9) colony forming units) was inoculated into the bladder via urethral catheterization in both the PYN and TQ groups. TQ injections were performed 24 hours before bacteria inoculation and repeated at 24-hour intervals during the indicated time at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally in TQ groups. RESULTS: Superoxide dismutase activity was statistically lower in the TQ-PYN-48 and -72 groups than the PYN-48 and -72 groups (P < 0.001, P = 0.004, respectively). Catalase activity was significantly higher in PYN-24, -48, and -72 groups than the control group (P < 0.001). In addition, there was a significant difference between the TQ-PYN-24, -48, and -72 groups and PYN groups in terms of glutathione peroxidase activity (P < 0.001, P = 0.026, P = 0.046, respectively). When the TQ-PYN-72 group was compared with the PYN-72 group, malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower in the TQ-PYN-72 group than in the PYN-72 group (P = 0.033). A histologic examination also confirmed the protective effect of TQ. In statistical analysis of histopathologic findings, there were significant differences between the PYN-24 and TQ-PYN-24, PYN-48 and TQ-PYN-48, and PYN-72 and TQ-PYN-72 groups (P = 0.008, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that TQ administration attenuated the oxidative damage that occurred in PYN and, therefore, could be used as a supportive agent to protect the kidneys from oxidative damage caused by PYN. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2011;72:204-215) (C) 2011 Elsevier HS Journals, Inc. All rights reserved.
Effectiveness of Booster Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination in Lower COVID-19 Infection Rates: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Turkish Adults
(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2021) Yengil, Erhan; Onlen, Yusuf; Ozer, Cahit; Hambolat, Mustafa; Ozdogan, Mehmet
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of booster vaccination of adults with measles-mumps-rubella in the COVID-19 infection rates. Methods: In order to investigate this hypothesis, we tested COVID-19 positivity rate through PCR assay on the participants (n=245; male), who had to share the same student accommodation together with the same dining hall to provide governmental service. Participants were divided into two groups based on their booster vaccination status with measles-mumps-rubella: the non-vaccinated group (n=207) and the vaccinated group (n=38). The rate of COVID-19 seropositivity, age, body mass index (BMI), active smoking and presence of comorbidity were also measured and recorded. Results: All of the participants were healthy, and age distribution, comorbidity rates, active smoking status and BMI did not vary significantly among the two groups (p=0.305, p=0.594, p=0.280, and p=0.922, respectively). About 36.7% (n=90) of the participants were found to be COVID-19 positive by PCR among which the non-vaccinated cases had higher rates of COVID-19 seropositivity than the vaccinated cases (40.6% vs 15.8%) (OR=3.6, 95%CI: 1.5-9.0, p=0.004). Conclusion: Based on these results, we cautiously predict that immunity produced by MMR vaccination boosters may provide some degree of protection against COVID-19 in the adult population.
Efficacy and Safety of Direct-Acting Antivirals in Elderly Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Nationwide Real-Life, Observational, Multicenter Study from Turkey
(Aves, 2022) Onlen, Yusuf; Bal, Tayibe; Cabalak, Mehmet; Oztoprak, Nefise Cuvalci; Sari, Nagehan Didem; Kurtaran, Behice; Senates, Ebubekir
Background: The number and proportion of elderly patients living with chronic hepatitis C are expected to increase in the coming years. We aimed to compare the real-world efficacy and safety of direct-acting antiviral treatment in elderly and younger Turkish adults infected with chronic hepatitis C. Methods: In this multicenter prospective study, 2629 eligible chronic hepatitis C patients treated with direct-acting antivirals between April 2017 and December 2019 from 37 Turkish referral centers were divided into 2 age groups: elderly (>= 65 years) and younger adults (<65 years) and their safety was compared between 2 groups in evaluable population. Then, by matching the 2 age groups for demographics and pretreatment risk factors for a non-sustained virological response, a total of 1516 patients (758 in each group) and 1244 patients (622 in each group) from the modified evaluable population and per-protocol population were included in the efficacy analysis and the efficacy was compared between age groups. Results: The sustained virological response in the chronic hepatitis C patients was not affected by the age and the presence of cirrhosis both in the modified evaluable population and per-protocol population (P =.879, P =.508 for modified evaluable population and P =.058, P =.788 for per-protocol population, respectively). The results of the per-protocol analysis revealed that male gender, patients who had a prior history of hepatocellular carcinoma, patients infected with non-genotype 1 hepatitis C virus, and patients treated with sofosbuvir + ribavirin had a significantly lower sustained virological response 12 rates (P <.001, P =.047, P =.013, and P =.025, respectively). Conclusion: Direct-acting antivirals can be safely used to treat Turkish elderly chronic hepatitis C patients with similar favorable efficacy and safety as that in younger adults.
Efflux pump genes and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from lower respiratory tract infections acquired in an intensive care unit
(Springernature, 2012) Ozer, Burcin; Duran, Nizami; Onlen, Yusuf; Savas, Lutfu
The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance rates and the resistance genes associated with efflux pumps of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from the patients who acquired lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in intensive care unit (ICU). Fifty P. aeruginosa strains isolated from the lower respiratory tract specimens of the patients who acquired LRTIs in ICU were included in this study. P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from tracheal aspirate (27), bronchoalveolar lavage (14) and sputum (9). The susceptibilities of the isolates were investigated by the disk diffusion method. Multiplex PCR assay was carried out for the detection of 13 antibiotic-resistance genes. Antimicrobial resistance rates of the isolates were found high and the highest resistance rate of the isolates studied was determined against to mezlocillin (50%) followed by norfloxacin (48%), ciprofloxacin (46%), meropenem (40%). Fourty-three isolates (86%) were determined to carry one and more resistance genes. NfxB gene was most often determined in the genes that were investigated. The significant relation between the resistance to cefepime, piperacilline/tazobactam and the mexC gene, that between the resistance to mezlocillin, piperacilline/tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime and ampC genes, and that between the resistance to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and oprJ, oprN and nfxB genes was identified. Resistance caused by genes for carbapenemases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and other mechanisms were not identified in this study. Understanding the prevalence and mechanism of antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa may help to select empirical therapy for nosocomial LRTIs due to P. aeruginosa in our ICU. The Journal of Antibiotics (2012) 65, 9-13; doi: 10.1038/ja.2011.102; published online 16 November 2011
THE ELEVATION OF LIVER ENZYMES DUE TO HEPATITIS B VACCINE
(Modestum Ltd, 2006) Onlen, Yusuf; Savas, Lutfu; Ozer, Burcin; Iris, Nur Efe
[Abstract Not Available]
The evaluation of blood cultures in afebrile and febrile neutropenic patients
(Aves, 2006) Savas, Lutfu; Yildirmak, Taner; Onlen, Yusuf; Tan-Cetmeli, Gul; Savas, Nazan; Efe-Iris, Nur; Simsek, Funda
This study was designed to analyse the infectious etiology of afebrile and febrile neutropenic patients. and to investigate the in vivo effectiveness of the antibiotics used according to the susceptibility patterns of cultured microorganisms in neutropenic patients.107 attacks were enrolled in this study. 35 of whom were afebrile and 72 of whom were febrile neutropenic. In 27 (25.2%) of 107 attacks. bacterial growth were observed, 7 of which were from afebrile neutropenic and 20 of which were from febrile neutropenic attacks. In 20 of the 72 febrile neutropenic attacks. 22 microorganisms were cultured. In 18 attacks, single microorganism was detected, while in two attacks, two different microorganisms were found. Of the 29 microorganisms obtained from all attacks, 22 (75.8%) were staphy-lococci. five (17.2%) Gram-negative bacteria, and two (6.9%) Candida species. All of 22 Gram-positive bacteria were methicil-lin-resistant staphylococci. In the attacks of afebrile and febrile neutropenic patients. mortality rate was not significantly different between blood cultur-positive group and blood cultur-negative group.
An evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of employees of a university hospital in an H1N1 influenza pandemic
(J Infection Developing Countries, 2014) Evirgen, Omer; Savas, Nazan; Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi; Onlen, Yusuf; Yengil, Erhan
Introduction: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors concerning the transmission routes of an H1N1 pandemic and the protective measures of health professionals at a university hospital in Turkey. Methodology: A stratified systematic sampling method was used to select the sample size of the study group. A total of 22 professors, 29 researchers, and 26 nurses were included in the study. Results: The mean scores of the individuals were 8.4 +/- 2.5 (over 20) for knowledge about H1N1 transmission, 27.6 +/- 4.0 (over 60) for knowledge about protection against H1N1, 25.8 +/- 4.2 (over 45) for correct or appropriate attitudes, and 33.6 +/- 8.9 (over 60) for correct behaviors. A negative correlation between total knowledge and behavior was found (p < 0.001, r = -0.543). Conclusions: In epidemics, standard protection measures should be known and applied. Regarding this topic, the web page of the Ministry of Health comes to the forefront as a reliable source of information in addition to scientific explanations.
Evaluation of nosocomial infections and risk factors in critically ill patients
(Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2011) Ozer, Burcin; Akkurt, Cagla Ozbakis; Duran, Nizami; Onlen, Yusuf; Savas, Lutfu; Turhanoglu, Selim
Background: Nosocomial infections are one of the most serious complications in intensive care unit patients because they lead to high morbidity, mortality, length of stay and cost. The aim of this study was to determine the nosocomial infections, risk factors, pathogens and the antimicrobial susceptibilities of them in intensive care unit of a university hospital. Material/Methods: The patients were observed prospectively by the unit-directed active surveillance method based on patient and the laboratory. Results: 20.1% of the patients developed a total of 40 intensive care unit-acquired infections for a total of 988 patient-days. The infection sites were the lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, bloodstream, wound, and the central nervous system. The respiratory deficiency, diabetes mellitus, usage of steroid and antibiotics were found as the risk factors. The most common pathogens were Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida species. No vancomycin resistance was determined in Gram positive bacteria. Imipenem and meropenem were found to be the most effective antibiotics to Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusions: Hospital infection rate in intensive care unit is not very high. The diabetes mellitus, length of stay, usage of steroids, urinary catheter and central venous catheter were determined as the risk factors by the final logistic regression analysis. These data, which were collected from a newly established intensive care unit of a university hospital, are important in order to predict the infections and the antimicrobial resistance profile that will develop in the future.
The Evaluation of the Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infections in Patients with Hemodialysis in Hatay City and the Assessment of Antibody Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination
(Galenos Publ House, 2010) Evirgen, Omer; Onlen, Yusuf; Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi; Mahsereci, Erkan; Inci, Melek; Sahin, Sule
Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) being treated with hemodialysis (HD) usually require frequent blood transfusions and hospitalizations. Therefore, they are at high risk of hepatitis. Because of infection control programs and regular vaccinations in dialysis centers, a decrease in the prevalence of hepatitis due to HBV and HCV infections is observed in these units. The present study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV infections in patients with HD in dialysis centers of Hatay city and to assess antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination. A total of 801 HD patients were included in the study between January 01 and December 31, 2009 from seven HD centers. Data were obtained from the files retrospectively. HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HCV seropositivity of the patient's samples were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay method. Of the 801 HD patients included, 480 (59.9%) were male and 321 (40.1%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 58.2 +/- 14.9 years (range, 10-98 years). HBsAg was positive in 29 (3.6%) patients and anti-HCV was positive in 76 (9.5%) patients. Five (0.6%) patients had both HBsAg and anti-HCV positivity. Of the 712 patients whose anti-HBs data were available, 578 (72.2%) patients were anti-HBs positive, whereas 134 (16.7%) were not. In the present study, although a lower hepatitis B and C prevalence was found in Hatay city compared with the previous studies conducted in Turkey, our results were similar reported for European countries. However, viral hepatitis is still an important health problem in HD patients. Infection control programs, vaccination, the education of the patients and health staff may decrease the incidence ofnewinfections.
Examination of the Reasons for Change in Treatment in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Cabalak, Mehmet; Bal, Tayibe; Polat, Eda Selin; Ocak, Sabahattin; Onlen, Yusuf
Introduction: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality in patients infected with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Despite this success, the sustainability of the initial treatment regimen has become difficult as patients continue the treatment for life. Highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen change may often be necessary due to intolerance/toxicity, pregnancy, comorbidities, difficulty in patient compliance and failure to achieve virological suppression. In this study, it was aimed to examine the reasons for HAART change in patients followed up for HIV/AIDS in Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Tayfur Ata Sokmen Faculty of Medicine Hospital. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study, 151 patients followed up at Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Tayfur Ata Sokmen Medical Faculty Hospital for HIV between January 2018 and December 2020 were included in the study. Results: One hundred-seventeen (77.5%) of the cases were male and 34 (22.5%) were female. The mean age was 39.08 +/- 14.2 years (20-83). Treatment changes were made in 35 (23.2%) of the cases. The most common reason for treatment change was intolerance/toxicity (19) in 12.6% of cases. Other reasons for change; pregnancy was six (4%), treatment non-compliance was four (2.6%), patient request was three (2%), and physician decision was three (2%). No drug changes were detected in the cases due to virological failure. Conclusion: There is generally little data available in Turkey on the reasons for regime change in HIV patients using HAART. Therefore, the data we will obtain in this study can help draw a long-term plan for HAART drug management.

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