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Ameliorative effect of lycopene on antioxidant status in Cyprinus carpio during pyrethroid deltamethrin exposure
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2011) Yonar, M. Enis; Sakin, Fatih
The aim of the present study was to investigate the ameliorative properties of lycopene against the toxic effects of deltamethrin (DM) by examining oxidative damage markers such as lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant defense system components in carp (Cyprinus carpio). The fish were divided into seven groups of 15 fish each and received the following treatments: Group 1, no treatment; Group 2, orally administered corn oil; Group 3, oral lycopene (10 mg/kg body weight); Group 4, exposure to 0.018 mu g/L DM; Group 5, exposure to 0.018 mu 4/L DM plus oral administration of 10 mg/kg lycopene; Group 6, exposure to 0.036 mu g/L DM; and Group 7, exposure to 0.036 mu g/L. DM plus oral administration of 10 mg/kg lycopene. Treatment was continued for 14 days, and at the end of this period, blood and tissue (liver, kidney, and gill) samples were collected. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined in blood and tissues for measurement of oxidant-antioxidant status. A significant elevation in the level of MDA, as an index of lipid peroxidation, and reductions in antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px) and low molecular weight antioxidant (GSH) levels were observed in DM-exposed fish. Treatment with lycopene attenuated the DM-induced oxidative stress by significantly decreasing the levels of MDA. In addition, lycopene significantly increased the SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities and the level of GSH. The present results suggest that administration of lycopene might alleviate DM-induced oxidative stress. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Antiperoxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of lycopene and ellagic acid on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular lipid peroxidation and apoptosis
(Csiro Publishing, 2010) Turk, Gaffari; Ceribasi, Ali Osman; Sakin, Fatih; Sonmez, Mustafa; Atessahin, Ahmet
The present study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effects of lycopene (LC) and ellagic acid (EA) on cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced testicular and spermatozoal toxicity associated with the oxidative stress and apoptosis in male rats. Forty-eight healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups of eight rats each. The control group was treated with placebo; the LC, EA and CP groups were given LC (10 mg kg(-1)), EA (2 mg kg(-1)) and CP (15 mg kg(-1)), respectively, alone; the CP+LC group was treated with a combination of CP (15 mg kg(-1)) and LC (10 mg kg(-1)); and the CP+EA group was treated with a combination of CP (15 mg kg(-1)) and EA (2 mg kg(-1)). All treatments were maintained for 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, bodyweight and the weight of the reproductive organs, sperm concentration and motility, testicular tissue lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant enzyme activity and apoptosis (i.e. Bax and Bcl-2 proteins) were determined. Administration of CP resulted in significant decreases in epididymal sperm concentration and motility and significant increases in malondialdehyde levels. Although CP significantly increased the number of Bax-positive (apoptotic) cells, it had no effect on the number of Bcl-2-positive (anti-apoptotic) cells compared with the control group. However, combined treatment of rats with LC or EA in addition to CP prevented the development of CP-induced lipid peroxidation and sperm and testicular damage. In conclusion, CP-induced lipid peroxidation leads to structural and functional damage, as well as apoptosis, in spermatogenic cells of rats. Both LC and EA protect against the development of these detrimental effects.
Attenuating effect of lycopene and ellagic acid on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced spermiotoxicity and testicular apoptosis
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2011) Sonmez, Mustafa; Turk, Gaffari; Ceribasi, Ali Osman; Sakin, Fatih; Atessahin, Ahmet
This study was conducted to investigate the prophylactic effects of lycopene (LC) and ellagic acid (EA) on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced testicular and spermatozoal toxicity. These toxicological changes are associated with the oxidative stress and apoptosis in male rats. Forty-eight male rats were allocated to one of six groups of 8 rats each: control, LC, EA, TCDD, TCDD+LC, and TCDD+EA. The control group was treated with 0.5 mL/rat slightly alkaline solution+0.5 mL/rat corn oil every other day. The LC group was treated with 0.5 mL/rat slightly alkaline solution+0.5 mL/rat corn oil containing 10 mg/kg of LC every other day. The EA group received 0.5 mL/rat corn oil+0.5 mL/rat slightly alkaline solution containing 2 mg/kg of EA every other day. The TCDD group received 0.5 mL/rat corn oil containing 100 ng/kg/day of TCDD+0.5 mL/rat slightly alkaline solution. The TCDD+LC group was treated with 0.5 mL/rat TCDD+0.5 mL/rat LC. The TCDD+ EA group was treated with 0.5 mL/rat TCDD+ 0.5 mL/rat EA. All treatments were made by gavage, and the experimental period was maintained during 8 weeks. Sperm motility, concentration, and abnormal sperm rate in epididymal tissue, testicular tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidant enzyme activity, histopathological changes, and apoptosis (i.e., Bax and Bcl-2 proteins) were determined. TCDD exposure resulted in significant decreases in sperm motility, concentration, testicular superoxide dismutase activity, germinal cell-layer thickness, Johnsen's testicular score, and significant increases in abnormal sperm rate, testicular malondialdehyde, glutathione levels, Bax-positive staining, and Bax-positive apoptotic cell score, along with some testicular histopathological lesions. TCDD treatment did not affect significantly catalase activity. However, combined treatment with LC or EA, in addition to TCDD, prevented the development of TCDD-induced damages in sperm quality, testicular histology, and LPO. Improvements in testicular apoptosis after the administration of LC and EA to TCDD-treated rats were minimal, but not statistically significant. TCDD-induced lipid peroxidation leads to functional and structural damages, as well as apoptosis, in spermatogenic cells of rats. Both LC and EA protected against the development of these effects.
Changes in selected immunological parameters and oxidative stress responses in different organs of Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to ivermectin
(Syscom 18 SRL, 2012) Sakin, Fatih; Yonar, Serpil Mise; Enis Yonar, M.; Sa?lam, Naim
In this study, effects of ivermectin on selected immunological parameters, oxidative stress, and antioxidant status in the blood, liver, kidney, heart, and spleen of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined. Ivermectin was administered intraperitoneally at single doses of 0.01 and 0.02 mg ivermectin kg-1 fish. Blood and tissue samples (liver, kidney, heart, and spleen) were then removed on days 3, 7,10, and 14 for immunological and biochemical analyses. The immunological parameters measured were numbers of leucocytes (WBC), nitroblue tetrazolium activity (NBT), total plasma protein (TP), and total immunoglobulin (TI). Malondialdehyde (MDA) values were measured in the liver, kidney, heart, and spleen tissues as indexes of oxidation, and the activities of catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured as indexes of antioxidant status. The results showed a decrease in the WBC value, NBT activity, and TP and Tl levels after the injection of 0.01 and 0.02 mg ivermectin kg1 fish (p <0.05, 0.01, 0.001). Our results suggest that ivermectin at these doses causes oxidation in fish liver, kidney, heart, and spleen tissues due to impairment of the antioxidant system.
Changes in Selected Immunological Parameters and Oxidative Stress Responses in Different Organs of Oncorhynchus mykiss Exposed to Ivermectin
(Revista Chimie Srl, 2012) Sakin, Fatih; Yonar, Serpil Mise; Yonar, M. Enis; Saglam, Naim
In this study, effects of ivermectin on selected immunological parameters, oxidative stress, and antioxidant status in the blood, liver, kidney, heart, and spleen of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined. Ivermectin was administered intraperitoneally at single doses of 0.01 and 0.02 mg ivermectin kg(-1) fish. Blood and tissue samples (liver, kidney, heart, and spleen) were then removed on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 for immunological and biochemical analyses. The immunological parameters measured were numbers of leucocytes (WBC), nitroblue tetrazolium activity (NBT), total plasma protein (TP), and total immunoglobulin (TI). Malondialdehyde (MDA) values were measured in the liver, kidney, heart, and spleen tissues as indexes of oxidation, and the activities of catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured as indexes of antioxidant status. The results showed a decrease in the WBC value, NBT activity, and TP and TI levels after the injection of 0.01 and 0.02 mg ivermectin kg(-1) fish (p <0.05, 0.01, 0.001). Our results suggest that ivermectin at these doses causes oxidation in fish liver, kidney, heart, and spleen tissues due to impairment of the antioxidant system.
Characterization of Campylobacter spp. Strains Isolated From Wild Birds in Turkey
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2021) Kuerekci, Cemil; Sakin, Fatih; Epping, Lennard; Knuever, Marie-Theres; Semmler, Torsten; Stingl, Kerstin
Turkey is an important stopover site for many migrating birds between Europe, Asia and Africa. Campylobacter spp. are frequently found in wildlife, in particular waterfowl, and distinct strains are disseminated within this reservoir. In this study, 183 wild birds of hunting areas in Turkey were collected and thermophilic Campylobacter spp. from cloacal swabs were isolated at a prevalence of 5.2% from song thrushes (6/116) and 93% from Eurasian coots (41/44). After PCR species differentiation and flaA restriction profiles determination, C. jejuni and C. coli strains were further investigated by whole genome sequencing. PCR target amplification of the ceuE gene, commonly used for C. coli species-identification was inefficient and even hampered in one isolate. A close look on the ceuE sequence revealed that various mismatches in the ceuE oligo annealing sites caused less efficient diagnostic detection. All C. coli isolates belonged to the environmental clade II and clade III, for which thirty-six novel MLST types were identified. Further single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis showed a high genomic divergence between the C. coli isolates. High variability was also implicated for putative plasmid-located genes detected in 51% of the C. coli isolates. Distinct gene variants in clades II and III C. coli were identified by a k-mer analysis. After substracting k-mers in common with C. coli clade I database, 11 and 35 distinct genes were identified in clades II and III isolates, mainly involved in surface structures and modifications as well as signal transduction, suggesting niche adaptation of C. coli strains in wild birds. All strains were susceptible against (fluoro-)quinolones, erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin and only one isolate was resistant against streptomycin, suggesting that the sensitive phenotype was due to absence of selective pressure and niche separation in wild birds in Turkey. We conclude that Campylobacter spp. isolates from wildlife and environmental sources are still scarce in the databases and that there is a need for more studies on thermophilic Campylobacter spp. from different places all over the world in order to complement our understanding on dissemination and adaptation to distinct niches of this global food-borne pathogen.
A COMPARISON OF SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION METHODS FOR BISPHENOL A IN CHEESE SAMPLES
(2021) Kürekci, Cemil; Tan, Sait; Arslan, Ali; Özgen, Sara Betül; Sakin, Fatih
In this study, four different solid phase extraction (SPE) methods were compared for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in cheese samples using HPLC-FD. All methods were validated according to the parameters; linearity, recovery, precision, detection and quantification limits (LOD-LOQ). Subsequently, BPA levels were determined in twenty cheese samples commercially available in Elazığ province. All the extraction methods showed good performances for quantitative analysis of PBA, achieving very low LOD (0.16-0.39 ?g/kg) and LOQ (0.53-1.30 ?g/ kg) values. The average fortification recoveries for spiked BPA (3-30 ?g/kg) ranged between 93.1 and 100.8%. 55% of cheese samples had BPA concentration ranging from 0.75 ?g/kg to 8.46 ?g/kg and estimated daily intake (EDI) was measured as 0,001 ?g/kg BW per day. On the basis of EDI, the consumption of cheese itself cannot be considered as significant health problem, but results impose a systematic monitoring of dairy products.
Determination of selected antibiotics in farmed fish species using LC-MS/MS
(Wiley, 2017) Yipel, Mustafa; Kurekci, Cemil; Tekeli, Ibrahim O.; Metli, Murat; Sakin, Fatih
The aim of the study was to monitor the occurrence of 37 antibiotics from different classes including fluoroquinolone, tetracycline, macrolide, sulphonamide, penicillin, amphenicol and cephalosporin in three different farmed fish species (n=75; rainbow trout, see bass, gilthead see bream) from five cities in Turkey. A method for LC-MS/MS was optimized and validated to assess these antibiotics. As a result, 25 samples showed contamination with at least one antibiotic residue. The most detected antibiotics were norfloxacin (NOR) (18.7%), marbofloxacin (MAR) (12%), tetracycline (TC) (10.7), danofloxacin (DAN) (9.3%), oxytetracycline (OTC) (9.3%), tilmicosin (TLM) (8%) and enrofloxacin (ENR) (6.7%). A total of 17.3% of samples examined were found to be contaminated with residues exceeding the maximum residue limits (MRLs). The results indicate that antibiotics are frequently used in aquaculture production without the lack of knowledge. This study also revealed that the consumption of farmed fish could produce a public health concern as the level of residues for some antibiotics was much higher than MRLs.
The effect of raffinose and methionine on frozen/thawed Angora buck (Capra hircus ancryrensis) semen quality, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2010) Tuncer, Puerhan Barbaros; Bucak, Mustafa Numan; Sariozkan, Serpil; Sakin, Fatih; Yeni, Deniz; Cigerci, Ibrahim Hakki; Atessahin, Ahmet
The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of different doses of raffinose and methionine on post-thawed semen quality, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities of Angora buck (Capra hircus ancryrensis) sperm following cryopreservation. Ejaculates collected from three Angora bucks were evaluated and pooled at 37 degrees C. Semen samples, which were diluted with a Tris-based extender containing the additives raffinose (2.5, 5, 10 mM) and methionine (2.5, 5, 10 mM) and an extender containing no antioxidants (control), were cooled to 5 degrees C and frozen in 0.25 ml French straws. Frozen straws were thawed individually at 37 degrees C for 20 s in a water bath for evaluation. The freezing extender supplemented with 2.5 and 5 mM methionine led to higher percentages of CASA motility (63.6 +/- 7.0; 63.4 +/- 3.1%, respectively), in comparison to the controls (P < 0.01) following the freeze-thawing process. The addition of antioxidants did not provide any significant effect on the percentages of post-thaw subjective and CASA progressive motilities as well as sperm motion characteristics (VSL and VCL), compared to the control groups (P > 0.05). The freezing extender with raffinose (5 and 10 mM) and methionine at three different doses (2.5, 5 and 10 mM) led to lower percentages of acrosome abnormalities, in comparison to the controls (P < 0.001). In the comet test, raffinose (5 and 10 mM) and methionine (10 mM) gave scores lower than those of the controls, and thereby reduced DNA damage (P < 0.05). Malondialdehyde formation was found to be lower (1.8 +/- 0.1 nmol/L) in the group of 5 mM raffinose, compared to the controls following the freeze-thawing process (P < 0.01). The additives did not show any effectiveness on the maintenance of SOD, GSH-PX and GSH activities, when compared to the controls (P > 0.05). In conclusion, methionine and raffinose play a cryoprotective role against sperm CASA motility, acrosome abnormality and DNA damage. Raffinose 5 mM exhibited antioxidative properties, decreasing MDA levels. Further studies are required to obtain more concrete results on the characterization of microscopic parameters and antioxidant activities in cryopreserved goat sperm with different additives. Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Effect of short-term cypermethrin exposure on oxidant-antioxidant balance in the whole body of rainbow trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
(2011) Sakin, Fatih; Ispir, Ünal; Yonar, Serpil Mişe; Enis Yonar, M.; Reşk Taysi, M.
The objective of this study was to investigate the propensity of cypermethrin (CYP) to induce whole body oxidative stress in rainbow trout following exposure. We investigated the effect of CYP (10%, 5%, 2% and 1% of the 4-day rainbow trout flow-through LC 50 1.46 ?g/L CYP) on antioxidants in rainbow trout fry, Oncorhynchus mykiss, using standard laboratory conditions. 24 h exposure caused induction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and various antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the whole body. Fish were monitored for clinical signs. Results obtained showed that CYP significantly (p < 0.05) increased MDA level. Compared to controls, activities of GSH, GSH-Px, and CAT were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the whole bodies of rainbow trout fry exposed to CYP. © by PSP.
EFFECT OF SHORT-TERM CYPERMETHRIN EXPOSURE ON OXIDANT-ANTIOXIDANT BALANCE IN THE WHOLE BODY OF RAINBOW TROUT FRY (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2011) Sakin, Fatih; Ispir, Unal; Yonar, Serpil Mise; Yonar, M. Enis; Taysi, M. Resit
The objective of this study was to investigate the propensity of cypermethrin (CYP) to induce whole body oxidative stress in rainbow trout following exposure. We investigated the effect of CYP (10%, 5%, 2% and 1% of the 4-day rainbow trout now-through LC50 1.46 mu g/L CYP) on antioxidants in rainbow trout fry, Oncorhynchus mykiss, using standard laboratory conditions. 24 h exposure caused induction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and various antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the whole body. Fish were monitored for clinical signs. Results obtained showed that CYP significantly (p < 0.05) increased MDA level. Compared to controls, activities of GSH, GSH-Px, and CAT were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the whole bodies of rainbow trout fry exposed to CYP.
Effect of trichlorfon on some haematological and biochemical changes in Cyprinus carpio: The ameliorative effect of lycopene
(Elsevier, 2020) Yonar, Serpil Mise; Yonar, M. Enis; Pala, Aysegul; Saglam, Naim; Sakin, Fatih
Trichlorfon (TCF) is an antiparasitic agent used in aquaculture to treat external parasites and it belongs to the chemical class of organophosphates. This study was conducted to investigate the ameliorating effects of lycopene on TCF-induced toxicity in carp by evaluating haematological parameters and oxidant/antioxidant status. Fish were randomly divided into seven experimental groups. These groups were arranged as follows: control (no treatment) group, corn oil group, lycopene (10 mg kg(-1)) group, TCF-I (11 mg L-1) group, TCF-I (11 mg L-1) plus lycopene (10 mg kg(-1)) group, TCF-II (22 mg L-1) group and TCF-II (22 mg L-1) plus lycopene (10 mg kg(-1)) group. At the end of 14 days administration, blood and tissue (liver, kidney, and gill) samples were collected. Haematological changes [red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, haematocrit (Ht) level, and erythrocyte indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)] were determined in the blood samples, while antioxidant parameters [(malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities] were evaluated in the liver, kidney and gill samples. The results demonstrated that all the haematological parameters were significantly decreased in the TCF-I and TCF-II groups when compared to the control group. Notable increases in the tissue MDA levels were observed in the TCF-treated groups. In contrast, significant decreases were observed in the tissue SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities and GSH levels in the TCF-I and TCF-II groups. However, simultaneous treatment with lycopene provided a marked normalisation of the haematological and oxidant/antioxidant parameters compared with the TCF-I and TCF-II groups. The findings show that dietary lycopene supplementation might be helpful in abrogation of TCF toxicity by changing haematological conditions and antioxidant status in fish.
Effects of 3-aminobenzamide on unilateral testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury: What is the role of PARP inhibition?
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2010) Hekimoglu, Askin; Kurcer, Zehra; Aral, Faruk; Baba, Fusun; Atessahin, Ahmet; Sakin, Fatih
On a examine les effets therapeutiques de l'inhibition de la poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase par le 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB) dans une lesion d'ischemie-reperfusion (I/R) des testicules en utilisant une analyse de sperme. On a effectue des examens histopathologiques et biochimiques pour mesurer les activites de la superoxyde dismutase (SOD), de la catalase (CAT), de la glutathion peroxydase (GSH-Px), et les taux de glutathion (GSH) reduit. On a divise des rats males en 3 groupes : ayant subi une operation factice (sham) (n = 12), I/R (n = 12) et I/R avec 3AB (I/R-3-AB) (n = 12). On a occlus l'artere testiculaire gauche pendant 1 h, puis on l'a soumis a une reperfusion pendant 24 h (pour les examens biochimiques et histopathologiques) et 30 jours (pour l'analyse de sperme). L'administration de 3-AB par voie intraperitoneale 10 min avant et 1 h apres la reperfusion a augmente la diminution induite par l'I/R de la motilite du sperme dans les 2 testicules, et elle a diminue l'augmentation anormale des taux de sperme dans le testicule ipsilateral. Toutefois, le traitement par 3-AB n'a pu prevenir la diminution induite par l'I/R du taux de sperme dans les 2 testicules. Les activites de SOD et de CAT sont demeurees stables chez tous les groupes. L'I/R a augmente l'activite de la GSH-Px et les taux de GSH. Le traitement par 3-AB a renverse l'augmentation induite par l'I/R de l'activite de la GSH-Px comme chez les sham, mais il n'a pas modifie les taux de GSH. Le traitement par 3-AB a augmente de maniere significative la diminution induite par l'I/R du score histopathologique. En conclusion, un traitement par 3-AB offre des avantages biochimiques et histopathologiques potentiels au-dela de la qualite du sperme et pourrait diminuer l'alteration de la torsion testiculaire.
The effects of different extenders and myo-inositol on post-thaw quality of ram semen
(2011) Kulaksız, Recai; Bucak, Mustafa Numan; Akçay, Ergun; Sakin, Fatih; Daşkın, Ali; Ateşşahin, Ahmet
Bu çalışma koç spermasının çözüm sonu kalitesi, lipit peroksidasyonu ve antioksidan aktiviteleri üzerine farklı sulandırıcıların ve inositolün etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapıldı. Sperma 4 baş Karayaka koçundan suni vajen yardımıyla haftada üç kez alındı. Alınan sperma örneklerinden normospermi özellik gösterenler birleştirildi. Birleştirilen sperma örnekleri iki farklı dozda myo-inositol (5, 10 mM) içeren ve içermeyen (kontrol) üç farklı sulandırıcı (tris, yağsız süt tozu, sodyum sitrat) ile sulandırıldı. Örnekler dokuz ayrı çalışma grubuna ayrıldı: T-5I, T-10I, T (kontrol); M-5I, M-10I, M (kontrol); Na-5I, Na-10I, NaC (kontrol) sulandırılmış sperma içeren payetler 4°C’de 2 saat ekilibre edildi, sıvı azot buharında (-120°C’da 15 dakika) donduruldu ve sıvı azot (-196°C) içinde saklandı. Dondurulmuş spermalar su banyosunda 37°C’de 30 saniyede çözdürüldü. Sulandırıcılara eklenenen myo-inositol mikroskopik sperm ve oksidatif stres parametelerine önemli bir etkiye neden olmadı (P>0.05). T ve M sulandırıcıları, NaC sulandırıcısına göre donma-çözünme sonrası spermatozoon motilitesinde (%50.00±2.24% ve 55.00±3.42) ve HOS testte (%49.00±3.32% and 48.17±2.9) daha yüksek oranlar verdi (P<0.01). Myo-inositol ilave edilen sulandırıcılar MDA seviyeleri ile CAT, SOD, GSH ve GSH-PX aktivitelerini, 10 mM inositol içeren T sulandırıcısının MDA seviyesi hariç, kontrol gruplarına göre önemli oranda etkilemedi (P>0.05). MDA seviyesi T sulandırıcısında (1.22±0.07 nmol/ml), M ve NaC sulandırıcılarına göre daha düşük bulundu (P<0.05). GSH ve GSH-PX aktiviteleri için, T ve NaC sulandırıcıları M sulandırıcısına göre daha yüksek değerler verdi (P<0.01).
The Effects of Different Extenders and Myo-Inositol on Post-thaw Quality of Ram Semen
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Kulaksiz, Recai; Bucak, Mustafa Numan; Akcay, Ergun; Sakin, Fatih; Daskin, Ali; Atessahin, Ahmet
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different extenders and inositol additions on post-thaw semen quality, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant activities. Semen was collected from four Karayaka rams from by artificial vagina three times a week. Semen samples showing normospermy quality were pooled. The pooled semen samples were extended in three extenders (Tris, T-, skimmed milk, M-and sodium citrate, NaC) with myo-inositol at two different doses (5 mM, 10 mM) and no antioxidant (control). Nine experimental groups were assigned as follows: T-5I, T-10I, T (control); M-5I, M-10I, M (control); Na-5I, Na-10I, NaC (control). Straws containing extended semen were equilibrated at 4 degrees C for 2 h, frozen in vapor of (15 min at -120 degrees C) liquid nitrogen and stored in liquid nitrogen. Frozen semen was thawed in a water bath at 37 degrees C for 30 seconds. The use of all the extenders supplemented with different doses of myo-inositol did not lead to any significant improvement in microscopic sperm and oxidative stress parameters (P > 0.05). Extenders of T and M resulted in higher sperm motility (50.00+/-2.24% and 55.00+/-0.42%) and HOST (49.00+/-3.32% and 48.17+/-2.97%) rates, compared to NaC (37.00+/-3.74% and 31.80+/-2.96%, P < 0.01), following the freeze/thawing process. Extenders supplementated with myo-inositol not significantly affect malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in comparison to the control groups (P > 0.05), except for MDA level of T extender containing 10 mM inositol. MDA level was found lower (1.22+/-0.07 nmol/ml) in T than those of the M and NaC (P < 0.05). For GSH and GSH-PX activities, T and NaC gave the higher values, compared to M, following the freeze/thawing process (P < 0.01).
Evaluation of bulk tank raw milk and raw chicken meat samples as source of ESBL producing Escherichia coli in Turkey: Recent insights
(Wiley, 2019) Kuerekci, Cemil; Osek, Jacek; Aydin, Muhsin; Tekeli, Ibrahim Ozan; Kurpas, Monika; Wieczorek, Kinga; Sakin, Fatih
Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) was detected in 86.6% of chicken and 22.6% of bulk tank milk (BTM) samples. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed 49 distinct restriction profiles among 66 isolates, and 62.3% of the isolates carried the bla(CTX-M) gene, among which CTX-M-1 was found to be the predominant ESBL types in chicken isolates, whereas CTX-M-15 was the commonest among BTM samples. Additionally, of 52 ESBL-EC isolates from chicken meat samples, 36.5%, 9.6%, and 7.7% harbored the bla(TEM), bla(CMY-2), and bla(SHV-12) genes, respectively, compared with 28.5% of the bla(TEM) and 7.1% of the bla(SHV-12) markers among BTM isolates. The fimH gene was present in 51 isolates of chicken and in 14 isolates of BTM samples, while other virulence genes iutA (n = 31), iroN (n = 26), kpsMT II (n = 5), papC (n = 2), papG allele II (n = 2), papG allele II-III (n = 2), and papEF (n = 2) were only present in chicken meat isolates. Overall, it can be said that contaminated chicken meat and BTM might serve as vehicles for playing potential role in zoonotic transmission of ESBL-EC to humans in Turkey. Practical applications Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli (ESBL-EC) have been considered to be one of the major worldwide clinical problems and have been frequently isolated from the foods of animal origins such as chicken meat, fish, and raw milk. The current study aimed to isolate ESBL-EC from chicken and bulk tank milk samples and further characterize the strains by PFGE, identifying resistance genes and as well as virulence genes. Given the high prevalence of CTX-M-15/55 type ESBL-EC strains possessing important virulence genes in chicken and milk samples, it can be said that foods of animal origins might be an important risk factor for extraintestinal ESBL-EC infections for humans.
GEBELİKTE İLAÇ KULLANIMI VE TERATOJENİTE
(2022) Emiroğlu, Sara Buşra; Sakin, Fatih
Gebelik sırasında annede şekillenen fizyolojik değişiklikler nedeniyle birçok ilacın farmakokinetik özelliği değişmekte, bu nedenle gebelerde dozaj rejimini düzenlemek gerekmektedir. Bunun yanında bazı ilaçların fetüs ya da embriyo üzerinde teratojenik etkilerinin varlığı gebelerde ilaç kullanımını sınırlandırmaktadır. Bu risklerin önüne geçmek amacıyla oluşturulan risk sınıflandırma sistemleri hekimlere rehberlik etmektedir. Ancak bu sınıflandırma sistemleri her tür açısından uygun olmadığı için özellikle veteriner hekimlik alanında kullanımı sınırlı olmakta ve diğer türlerde oluşturabileceği zararlı etkileri hakkında veteriner hekimlere bir tahmin sunabilmektedir. Bu derlemede gebelerde ilaç kullanımı, teratojenik ilaçlar ve etki şekillerini belirtmek, ayrıca veteriner hekimlerin gebe hastalarına ilaç kullanımı hakkında rehber olmak amaçlanmıştır.
Impact of ellagic acid on adriamycin-induced testicular histopathological lesions, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation and sperm damages
(Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag, 2012) Ceribasi, Ali Osman; Sakin, Fatih; Turk, Gaffari; Sonmez, Mustafa; Atessahin, Ahmet
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ellagic acid (EA) has protective effect on adriamycin (ADR)-induced testicular and spermatozoal toxicity associated with the oxidative stress in male rats. Thirthy-two healthy 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups. The first (EA) group was treated with EA (2 mg/kg/every other day) by gavage. The second (ADR) group received ADR (2 mg/kg/once a week) intraperitoneally, while the combination of ADR and EA was given to the third (ADR+EA) group. The forth (control) group was treated with placebo. At the end of the 8-week treatment period, reproductive organ weights, epididymal sperm parameters, histopathological changes and apoptosis via Bax and Bcl-2 proteins, testicular tissue lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities, were investigated. ADR administration was determined to cause significant decreases in reproductive organ weights, epididymal sperm concentration and motility, plasma testosterone concentration, diameter of seminiferous tubules, germinal cell layer thickness Johnsen's testicular score and Bcl-2 positive antiapoptotic cell rate, wherease it caused significant increases in level of lipid peroxidation and glutathione, catalase activity, abnormal sperm rates and Bax positive apoptotic cell rates along with degeneration, necrosis, immature germ cells, congestion and atrophy in testicular tissue when compared with the control group. EA administration to ADR-treated rats provided significant improvements in ADR-induced disturbed oxidant/antioxidant balance, decreased testosterone concentration, testicular apoptosis and mild improvements in the histopathological view of the testicular tissue. However. EA failed to improve decreased reproductive organ weights and deteriorated sperm parameters due to ADR administration. It is concluded that while ADR has direct or indirect (lipid peroxidation) negative effects on sperm structure and testicular apoptosis in rats, EA has protective effects on ADR-induced testicular lipid peroxidation and apoptosis. (C) 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Isolation and molecular characterization of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing escherichia coli from cage birds in Adana region, Turkey
(Kafkas Üniversitesi, 2018) Sakin, Fatih; Müjde, Cem; Aslantaş, Özkan
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli in caged birds. A total of 139 fecal swab samples were collected from cage birds from 14 different aviaries in Adana. ESBL producing E. coli was detected in 4.3% (n=6) of the fecal samples and these isolates harbored blaCTX-M-15 gene. ERIC-PCR analysis revealed three different band patterns among the isolates. These results indicate that cage birds are carrier of ESBL-producing E. coli. Therefore, further epidemiological studies are needed to determine the presence of resistant bacteria including ESBL producing E. coli in various animal species.
İsviçre Esmeri, Holştayn, Simental ve Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı ırkı ineklerde prob ilaç olarak debrizokin kullanılarak in vivo CYP2D6 enzim aktivitesinin fenotipik belirlenmesi
(2013) Sakin, Fatih; Baydar, Ersoy; Servi, Kadir; Ateşşahin, Ahmet; Dağoğlu, Gürdal
Mevcut araştırma; İsviçre Esmeri (İE), Holştayn (HOL), Simental (Sİ) ve Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı (DAK) ırkı ineklerde prob ilaç olarak debrizokin (DEB) kullanılarak sitokrom P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) enzim aktivitesinin fenotipik belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada her ırktan 15 adet olacak şekilde toplam 60 adet inek kullanıldı. İneklere DEB, 0.5 mg/kg dozunda uygulandı. Uygulamayı takiben 12 ve 24. saatlere kadar çıkarılan idrar örnekleri toplandı. İdrar örneklerinde DEB metabolik oranları (DMO) ve DEB rekoveri oranları (DRO) hesaplandı. 12. saat DMO değerleri DAK ırkı ineklerde diğer ırklara göre anlamlı şekilde yüksek olarak bulunurken (P<0.01), DRO değerleri DAK ırkı ineklerde diğer ırklara göre anlamlı şekilde düşük tespit edildi (P<0.01). DAK ırkı ineklerde CYP2D6 enzim aktivitesinin fenotipi zayıf metabolizer (ZM) olarak değerlendirilirken; İE, HOL ve Sİ ırkı ineklerde ise yaygın metabolizer (YM) olarak değerlendirildi. Sonuç olarak; ineklerde in vivo CYP2D6 enzim aktivitesi fenotipinin belirlenmesinde prob ilaç olarak DEB’in 0.5 mg/kg dozunda uygulandıktan sonra 12. saatte kadar alınan idrar örneklerinin kullanılabileceği ifade edilebilir. Ayrıca, DAK ırkı ineklerde CYP2D6 sübstratı olan ilaçlarla tedavi uygulanmasında bu ilaçların daha yavaş metabolize olacağı, vücutta kalış ve etki sürelerinde artış olacağı sonucuna varılabilir.

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