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Öğe Antifungal activity of propolis against postharvest disease agent Penicillium digitatum(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2008) Soylu, E. M.; Ozdemir, A. E.; Erturk, E.; Sahinler, N.; Soylu, SonerThe in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of the propolis was evaluated against fungal pathogen Penicillium digitatum, causal agent of green mold of citrus fruits. The germination of conidia completely inhibited by 10, 50 and 100 mu g mL(-1) concentrations of propolis extracted in 70 % ethanol. The same concentrations of propolis extracted in 35 % ethanol also inhibited conidial germination by 31, 68 and 93 % respectively. The in vivo effect of propolis on the spoilage of Star Ruby grapefruits by Penicillium was also evaluated at room temperature. None of the concentrations of propolis extracted in 70 % ethanol prevented the fungal growth on artificially inoculated fruits. The 100 mu g mL(-1) propolis extracted in 70 % ethanol, however, provided complete inhibition of naturally occurring green mold disease on wounded but uninoculated control fruits.Öğe Antifungal effects of essential oils from oregano and fennel on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Wiley, 2007) Soylu, Soner; Yigitbas, H.; Soylu, E. M.; Kurt, S.Aims: The antifungal effects of essential oils of oregano (Origanum syriacum var. bevanii) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) were evaluated against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Effects of the essential oils on morphological structures of hyphae and sclerotia were studied under light and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). Methods and Results: Inhibitory effects of volatile and contact phases of the essential oils used were determined on hyphae and sclerotia. Both essential oils have a marked antifungal effect against S. sclerotiorum. Soil amendment with essential oils has significant effect on reducing sclerotial viability. Both essential oils significantly inhibited the fungal growth in soil, thereby increasing the number of surviving tomato seedling by 69.8% and 53.3%, respectively. Light and SEM observations on pathogen hyphae and sclerotia revealed considerable morphological alterations in hyphae and sclerotia. Conclusions: The significant reduction in the mycelial growth and germination of sclerotia would greatly reduce the pathogen inoculum source. This may influence the rate of disease development in soil. Significance and Impact of the Study: Considering the reduction in the number of diseased plants in infested soil amended with essential oils, we concluded that oregano and fennel essential oils could be used as possible bio fungicides alternative to synthetic fungicides against phytopathogenic fungi.Öğe BIOFUNGICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST CUCUMBER ROOT AND STEM ROT DISEASE CAUSED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM f. sp RADICIS-CUCUMERINUM(Edizioni Ets, 2017) Soylu, E. M.; Incekara, R.The aim of this study was to investigate effects of essential oils of origanum (Origanum onites L.), lavender (Lavandula stoechas L. subsp. stoechas), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) and myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) against root and stem rot of cucumber caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum (Forc) in vitro and in vivo. Inhibitory effects of contact and volatile phases of essential oils on mycelial growth and conidial germination were determined at various concentrations. Results clearly showed that those essential oils had a strong detrimental effect on mycelial growth and spore germination in a concentration-dependent manner. Essential oil of O. onites was strongly inhibitory to Forc as compared with essential oils of F. vulgare, L. stoechas, L. nobilis and M. communis. Volatile phases of essential oils were consistently found to be more effective on inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination at lower concentrations in comparison to contact effect of the oils tested. Light and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations on inhibited fungal hyphae revealed considerable morphological degenerations on the fungal hyphae. Essential oil of O. onites, being the most efficient essential oil in vitro, was further evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The essential oil of O. onites displayed potent in vivo biofungicidal activity against the Forc on greenhouse-grown cucumber plants. Results of in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the O. onites essential oils could be used as natural biofungicide to control root rot disease caused by Forc on cucumber.Öğe CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF BITTER FENNEL (FOENICULUM YULGARE MILL. VAR. VULGARE) AND DILL (ANETHUM GRAVEOLENS L.) AGAINST THE GROWTH OF FOOD-BORNE AND SEED-BORNE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA(Codon Publications, 2009) Soylu, Soner; Soylu, E. M.; Evrendilek, G. A.In the present study, the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. vulgare) and dill (Anethum graveolens L.) were investigated against food-borne and seed-borne pathogenic bacteria. The chemical composition of bitter fennel and dill essential oils was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The major compounds found in the essential oils of bitter fennel and dill were estragole (37.6%) and limonene (33.1%), respectively. These essential oils have antibacterial activity against food-borne as well as seed-borne pathogenic bacteria. Fennel essential oil had the highest antibacterial activity against the food-borne bacterial pathogen Staphylococus aureus, while dill essential oil had the highest antibacterial activity against seed-borne pathogenic Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Amongst all the bacterial species tested, the plant pathogenic agent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato had the greatest resistance to both essential oils. Considering the significant level of bacterial growth inhibition of seed-borne and food-borne pathogens, essential oils or their components could be promising seed disinfectants or food additives in appropriate products.Öğe Determination of antagonistic traits of bacterial isolates obtained from apricot against green fruit rot disease agent Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2020) Kara, M.; Soylu, Soner; Kurt, S.; Soylu, E. M.; Uysal, A.Blossom and fruit diseases occur widely and pose serious impacts on apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) production in Turkey. Green fruit rot disease occurs during the jacket stage when remnants of the flower parts are still attached to the immature fruit. The disease are usually common on apricot trees growing in high humidity orchards and causes a brown discoloration on the fruit under the jacket (shuck). The young fruit withers and falls off the tree within a few weeks. In this study, 12 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from healthy and diseased immature fruits of apricot and identified by MALDI-TOF. Antagonistic efficiency and mechanisms of these bacterial isolates were determined against jacket rot of apricot disease agent Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro conditions. Among the bacterial isolates, 4 isolates showed antagonistic activities on mycelial growth and sclerot formation in dual culture petri plates. Among the bacterial isolates, the highest mycelial growth inhibition was caused by the most efficient isolate Bacillus vallismortis AB13 (69.4%) followed by Bacillus mojavensis (68.3%) and Bacillus subtilis (59.4%) respectively. Bacterial isolates belonging the Pseudomonas sp., Serratia sp. and Pantoae spp. were not found effective for inhibitions in mycelial growth and sclerotia formation. Antagonistic and plant growth-promoting activities, such as production of siderophore, synthesize extracellular enzymes (protease) and solubilization of inorganic phosphorous, were tested for each of these bacterial isolates in vitro conditions. Siderophore and protease activity were determined as major antagonistic mechanisms for suppression of mycelial growth and sclerotial formations. Although further studies are needed, these endophytes might have great potential in the field of biocontrol and plant growth promoting for sustainable agricultural practices.Öğe Determination of fungal and bacterial disease agents of apricot trees growing in Hatay province(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2020) Soylu, Soner; Kara, M.; Kurt, S.; Soylu, E. M.; Uysal, A.Fungal and bacterial diseases occur widely and pose serious impacts on apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) production in Turkey. A disease surveys were conducted to identify the fungal and bacterial causal disease agents associated with root and foliar diseases in the main apricot orchards in Hatay province. The disease agents were isolated from the root, stem, leaf and fruit of infected trees. The results of fungal isolations from diseased apricot roots taken at regular intervals over the entire growth period have indicated that Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. [Rhizoctonia root rot], Verticillium dahliae Kleb. [Verticillium wilt] and Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich [Charcoal rot] were the most frequently encountered and widespread soil-borne fungal disease agents identified on wilting and dying trees growing in all locations. Majority of the diseased trees were infested by the more than one disease agents. Wilsonomyces carpophilus (Lev.) Adask., J.M. Ogawa & E.E. Butler [Shot hole], Botrytis cinerea Pers. [Gray mold], Podosphaera pannosa var. persicae (Walls.) de Bary [Powdery mildew], Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) dBy. [Green fruit rot], Monilinia fructicola (G. Winter) Honey [Brown rot], Cladosporium carpophilum Thum. [Scab], Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler [Alternaria leaf spot] were the most frequently observed foliar and fruit fungal disease agents. Bacterial disease agent Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Burk.) Young, [Bacterial canker] were also isolated from leaves and fruits of apricot plants with minor importance in the region.Öğe Downy mildew outbreak on parsley caused by Plasmopara petroselini in Turkey(Wiley-Blackwell, 2010) Soylu, Soner; Soylu, E. M.; Kurt, S.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe EFFECT OF PULSED ELECTRIC FIELDS ON GERMINATION TUBE ELONGATION AND SPORE GERMINATION OF BOTRYTIS CINEREA INOCULATED INTO SOUR CHERRY JUICE, APRICOT AND PEACH NECTARS(Chiriotti Editori, 2009) Evrendilek, G. Akdemir; Tok, F. M.; Soylu, E. M.; Soylu, SonerInactivation of Botrytis cinerea inoculated into sour cherry juice, apricot and peach nectars was determined by pulsed electric fields (PEF) based on the measurement of germination tube elongation, spore germination rate and light and scanning electron (SEM) mi-croscopic observations. With increasing electric field strength and processing time, germination tube elongation and spore germination were completely inhibited (P <= 0.05). Microscopic observations revealed considerable morphological alterations such as cytoplasmic coagulation, vacuolations, hyphal shriveling and protoplast leakage. PEF processing of juice/nectars was very effective to inactivate B. cinerea. This method could be used to prevent product loss in fruit juice/nectars due to B. cinerea contamination.Öğe First Report of Albugo lepidii Causing White Blister Rust on Broadleaved Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum) in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Soylu, E. M.; Kara, M.; Kurt, S.; Uysal, A.; Shin, H. D.; Choi, Y. J.; Soylu, Soner[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First Report of Black Spot Disease Caused by Alternaria alternata in Persimmon Fruits in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2010) Kurt, S.; Soylu, E. M.; Soylu, Soner[Abstract Not Available]Öğe FIRST REPORT OF BOTRYTIS BLIGHT CAUSED BY BOTRYTIS CINEREA ON SWEET BASIL IN TURKEY(Edizioni Ets, 2010) Kurt, S.; Soylu, E. M.; Soylu, Soner[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First Report of Downy Mildew Disease Caused by Perofascia lepidii on Garden Cress Lepidium sativum in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2017) Soylu, E. M.; Kara, M.; Kurt, S.; Uysal, A.; Shin, H. D.; Choi, Y. J.; Soylu, Soner[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First Report of Downy Mildew Disease Caused by Peronospora effusa on Spinach in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2018) Soylu, E. M.; Kara, M.; Kurt, S.; Uysal, A.; Shin, H. D.; Choi, Y. J.; Soylu, Soner[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First Report of Downy Mildew Disease Caused by Peronospora viciae on Common Vetch (Vicia saliva) in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2020) Soylu, Soner; Soylu, E. M.; Kara, M.; Kurt, S.; Choi, Y. J.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First Report of Nigrospora sphaerica Causing Leaf Spots on Chinese Wisteria: A New Host of the Pathogen(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2011) Soylu, Soner; Dervis, S.; Soylu, E. M.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Golovinomyces neosalviae on Salvia fruticosa in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Soylu, Soner; Soylu, E. M.; Kara, M.; Kurt, S.; Uysal, A.; Hong, S. H.; Shin, H. D.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First Report of Powdery Mildew on Mediterranean Thyme (Thymbra spicata var. spicata) Caused by Golovinomyces monardae in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Soylu, Soner; Kara, M.; Kurt, S.; Soylu, E. M.; Uysal, A.; Hong, S. H.; Shin, H. D.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe FIRST REPORT OF STEM ROT DISEASE OF PARSLEY CAUSED BY SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM IN TURKEY(Edizioni Ets, 2017) Kurt, S.; Uysal, A.; Kara, M.; Soylu, Soner; Soylu, E. M.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First Report of White Blister Rust Disease Caused by Albugo occidentalis on Spinach in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2018) Soylu, Soner; Kara, M.; Kurt, S.; Uysal, A.; Shin, H. D.; Choi, Y. J.; Soylu, E. M.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe In vitro antifungal activities of endophytic bacterial isolates against postharvest heart rot disease agent Alternaria alternata in pomegranate fruits(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2020) Atay, M.; Kara, M.; Uysal, A.; Soylu, Soner; Kurt, S.; Soylu, E. M.Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one of the most commonly consumed fruit which suffers from postharvest decay giving rise to large economic losses. Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. is an important postharvest fungal pathogen causing loss of fruit during transportation and storage. Chemical applications are primarily made to control them. However, the recent trend is to convert toward safer and more friendly alternatives for the control of postharvest decays. In this study, we investigated the biological control of pomegranate postharvest heart rot disease agent using endophytic bacterial isolates obtained from healthy pomegranate fruits. A proteomic analysis through MALDI-TOF MS (matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry) was performed to identify these bacterial isolates. The antifungal activities of 12 putative endophytic bacterial isolates of Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis ssp. subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus vallismortis, Bacillus mojavensis, Bacillus megaterium, Solibacillus silvestris, Erwinia herbicola, Corynebacterium glutamicum, Bacillus cereus, Pantoea dispersa and Bacillus endophyticus were tested against A. alternata in dual culture assays. Bacillus mojavensis PEB39 was the most effective isolate against pathogenic fungi in vitro (80% inhibition of mycelial growth) followed by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PEB46 (78.9%) Bacillus vallismortis PEB40 (76.7%) and Bacillus subtilis ssp. subtilis PEB43 (75.6%). Our findings suggest that as an alternative and promising biological control agent B. mojavensis can suppress postharvest diseases caused by A. alternata and may effectively control postharvest physiological changes caused by fungal pathogens.
