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Aspirin for preventing hemodialysis-associated chronic hepatitis C infections
(Viral Hepatitle Savaşım Derneği, 2018) Bal, Tayibe; Önlen, Yusuf; Şahin, Selma İlkay; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate whether aspirin therapy is effective in protecting against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in maintenance hemodialysis patients, one of the high-risk groups for HCV infection. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 408 patients with end-stage renal failure who underwent maintenance hemodialysis for at least 3 months in four private hemodialysis units in Hatay, Turkey, in January 2017. The patients were classified into two groups according to their aspirin exposure status: non-users (n=228) and regular aspirin users (n=180). The proportion of patients with hemodialysis-related chronic hepatitis C (CHC) was compared between the groups. Irregular aspirin users, patients infected with HBV or diagnosed with CHC before initiation of hemodialysis therapy were excluded from the study. Results: The prevalence of hemodialysis-related CHC was 3.9% among the 408 patients. Hemodialysis-related CHC was not seen in any of the 180 regular aspirin users. Regular aspirin users showed a significantly lower prevalence of hemodialysis-related CHC than non-users (p<0.001). There was a significant (p<0.001), but weak (Cramer’s V=0.180) correlation between hemodialysis-related CHC and aspirin exposure status. Conclusion: These results indicated that regular use of aspirin might be linked to a lower risk of hemodialysis-related CHC. However, further prospective studies are required to confirm this association.
Assessment of corneal topographic, tomographic, densitometric, and biomechanical properties of Fabry patients with ocular manifestations
(Springer, 2020) Cankurtaran, Veysel; Tekin, Kemal; Cakmak, Ayse Idil; Inanc, Merve; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Purpose To investigate whether cornea verticillata affects corneal topography, tomography, densitometry, or biomechanics of Fabry patients with ocular manifestations and to compare these results with those obtained from healthy subjects. Methods This prospective, cross-sectional study included 23 Fabry patients (Fabry group) with cornea verticillata and the 37 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (control group). After comprehensive ophthalmological examinations, corneal topography, tomography, and densitometry measurements were taken using Pentacam HR and corneal biomechanics were captured via Corvis ST for all participants. Results All the investigated topographic and tomographic values were similar in the eyes with Fabry disease (FD) and the controls (P > 0.05). The corneal densitometry values of patients with FD were statistically significantly higher in all the concentric zones and layers, except posterior 0-2 mm and posterior 2-6 mm zones, compared to the controls (P < 0.05). The mean values of A1 velocity, A2 velocity, deformation amplitude ratio, Corvis biomechanical index, tomographic and biomechanical index, and Stiffness parameter at the first applanation in the Fabry group were statistically significantly different compared to control group (P < 0.05). However, the mean values of A1 length, A2 length, and the biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure were similar between the groups (P = 0.317, P = 0.819, and P = 0.468; respectively). Conclusion Although cornea verticillata associated with FD is not considered to affect vision, it is associated with increased light backscattering and reduced corneal transparency as well as altered corneal biomechanical properties.
Association of miR-21-5p with routine biochemical markers and inflammatory cytokines in hemodialysis patients
(Elsevier, 2023) Okuyan, Hamza Malik; Terzi, Menderes Yusuf; Dogan, Serdar; Emir, Tuerkan; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Background: Although the role of miR-21-5p in some kidney diseases is relatively documented, the relationship of miR-21-5p with markers of bone metabolism and inflammation in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) remains unclear. Here, we aim to explore the relationship of miR-21-5p with routine biochemical parameters, mineral bone disorders, and inflammatory markers in HD patients. Methods: Serum miR-21-5p expressions from 60 HD patients and 20 healthy controls were analyzed with qPCR. Bone metabolism-related parameters such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), osteocalcin, calcium, phosphorus, and parathormone; inflammation-related markers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-& alpha;), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and C-reactive protein (CRP); and oxidative stress markers such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured in serum samples of HD patients. Results: We showed for the first time that miR-21-5p expressions were increased in patients receiving HD. In addition, miR-21-5p expressions showed a significantly positive correlation with bone metabolism markers, i.e. RANKL, osteocalcin, phosphorus, and parathormone, and inflammation markers, i.e. TNF-& alpha;, IL-6, and CRP. We detected that areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for miR-21-5p, RANKL, osteocalcin, TNF-a, IL-6, and oxidative stress index in HD patients were 0.9317, 0.7742, 0.9038, 0.7319, 0.7063, and 0.7738, respectively. Conclusion: Elevated miR-21-5p expressions are associated with routine biochemical and inflammatory markers in HD patients, suggesting that miR-21-5p might have diagnostic and/or therapeutic importance in the treatment of chronic kidney diseases.
Association of serum lncRNA H19 expression with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers and routine biochemical parameters in chronic kidney disease
(Springer, 2021) Okuyan, Hamza Malik; Dogan, Serdar; Terzi, Menderes Yusuf; Begen, Mehmet A.; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disorder that affects millions worldwide, and current treatment options aiming at inhibiting the progression of kidney damage are limited. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is one of the first explored lncRNAs and its deregulation is associated with renal pathologies, such as renal cell injury and nephrotic syndrome. However, there is still no research investigating the connection between serum lncRNA H19 expressions and clinical outcomes in CKD patients. Therefore, we investigated the relation of serum lncRNA H19 expressions with routine biochemical parameters, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and mineralization markers in advanced CKD patients. Methods lncRNA H19 serum levels from 56 CKD patients and 20 healthy controls were analyzed with reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and osteocalcin (OC) levels were measured with enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidative status (TOS) levels were evaluated by the routine measurement method. Results We found that lncRNA H19 expressions were upregulated in patients with CKD compared to the controls. Furthermore, lncRNA H19 relative expression levels showed a negative relationship with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) while it was positively correlated with ferritin, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, TNF-alpha, IL-6, OC, TAS and TOS levels. Conclusion lncRNA H19 expressions were increased in CKD stage 3-5 and HD patients, and elevated lncRNA H19 expressions were associated with decreased glomerular filtration rate, inflammation, and mineralization markers in these patients.
Diyabet Hastalarında Hematüri Sıklığı ve Albüminüri ile İlişkisi
(2022) Yılmaz, Müge Özsan; Doğan, Serdar; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı diyabetik hastalarda hematüri sıklığını belirlemek ve bunun mevcut klinik ve laboratuvar değişkenleriyle özellikle de\ralbüminüri ile olan ilişkisini değerlendirmektir.\rYöntem: Çalışmaya aynı başvuruda tam idrar tahlili ve idrar albümin/kreatinin oranı istenen 302 diyabet hastası dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar hematürisi\rolan ve hematürisi olmayan hastalar şeklinde iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Hastalara ait hemogram sonuçları, spot idrar albümin ve kreatinin düzeyleri, serum\rglukoz, total kolesterol, LDL kolesterol, trigliserid, BUN, kreatinin, albumin, sodyum ve potasyum sonuçlarıyla ALT ve AST enzim aktiviteleri, tam idrar\rtahlili, serum CRP düzeyleri, HbA1c düzeyleri ve tahmini glomerüler filtrasyon hızı (eGFR) düzeyleri retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir.\rBulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların yaş ortalaması 54±13 yıl bulunmuştur. Hastaların %23.5 (n=71)’inde hematüri saptanmıştır. Çalışmaya dahil\redilen 229 (%75.8) hastanın normoalbüminürik, 52 (%17.2) hastanın mikroalbüminürik, 21 (%7) hastanın ise makroalbuminürik olduğu görülmüştür.\rHematürisi olan diyabetik hastaların idrar albüminüri değerleri hematürisi olmayanlara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde yüksek saptandı (14.23\rmg/g vs 1.96 mg/g, p<0.001). Makroalbüminüri görülme oranı hematürisi olan hastalarda olmayanlara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde yüksek\rbulunmuştur. Hematürisi olan hastaların ortalama eGFR değerleri hematürisi olmayan hastalar ile karşılaştırıldığında daha düşük bulunmuştur. Ancak\ristatiksel anlamlılığa ulaşmamıştır (p=0.055).\rSonuç: Diyabetik hastalarda hematüri sık görülmektedir ve hematüri diyabetik böbrek hastalığının bir bulgusu olarak karşımıza çıkabilir. Hematürisi\rolan hastalarda albüminüri değerleri daha yüksek ve eGFR değerleri daha düşük bulunmuştur.
The Effects of Antivirals for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment on Renal Functions
(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Cabalak, Mehmet; Bal, Tayibe; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Objective: Turkey is among the countries with a low incidence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. When HIV cases are decreasing worldwide, our country is among the countries where the number of patients is rapidly increasing. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), and abacavir are the drugs used for HIV treatment in Turkey. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is widely used as a kidney function indicator. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TDF and TAF-based regimens on renal function. Materials and Methods: During the study period, 104 patients who are HIV-positive underwent treatment with an antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen, of whom 60 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. This study retrospectively examined the effects of TAF and TDF-based regimens on eGFR and other routine parameters. Results: Patients receiving TDF-based regimens revealed significantly increased serum creatinine and decreased eGFR levels compared to pretreatment levels. Conversely, patients receiving a TAF-based regimen did not show significant changes in eGFR or serum creatinine levels. Conclusion: Our data indicate that eGFR levels decrease with a TDF-based regimen. Thus, with TDF as a component of the ART regimen, eGFR levels should be carefully monitored. TDF-free regimens should be used in patients who are predicted to have impaired renal function and those with renal function changes during treatment.
Effects of different inspiratory muscle training protocols on functional exercise capacity and respiratory and peripheral muscle strength in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized study
(Bmc, 2024) Katayifci, Nihan; Huzmeli, Irem; Iris, Dondu; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Background Pathological changes were observed in the diaphragm due to abnormal renal function in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been suggested for patients with CKD; however, the most appropriate intensity for IMT has not been determined. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different IMT protocols on respiratory muscle strength, quadriceps femoris muscle strength (QMS), handgrip muscle strength (HGS), functional exercise capacity, quality of life (QoL), pulmonary function, dyspnoea, fatigue, balance, and physical activity (PA) levels in patients with CKD. Methods This randomized, controlled, single-blind study included 47 patients and they were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n = 15, IMT with 10% maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP)), Group 2 (n = 16, IMT with 30% MIP), and Group 3(n = 16; IMT with 60% MIP). MIP, maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), 6-min walking test (6-MWT), QMS, HGS, QoL, pulmonary function, dyspnoea, fatigue, balance, and PA levels were assessed before and after eight weeks of IMT. Results Increases in MIP, %MIP, 6-MWT distance, and %6-MWT were significantly higher in Groups 2 and 3 than in Group 1 after IMT (p < 0.05). MEP, %MEP, FEF25-75%, QMS, HGS, and QoL significantly increased; dyspnoea and fatigue decreased in all groups (p < 0.05). FVC, PEF, and PA improved only in Group 2, and balance improved in Groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions IMT with 30% and 60% MIP similarly improves inspiratory muscle strength and functional exercise capacity. IMT with 30% is more effective in increasing PA. IMT is a beneficial method to enhance peripheral and expiratory muscle strength, respiratory function, QoL and balance, and reduce dyspnoea and fatigue. IMT with %30 could be an option for patients with CKD who do not tolerate higher intensities.
Evaluation of dynamic thiol-disulfide balance and ischemia modified albumin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease
(2022) Erdal, Hüseyin; Özcan, Oğuzhan; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi; Neselioglu, Salim; Erel, Özcan
Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the dynamic thiol-disulfide balance and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Method: Thirty hemodialysis (HD), 30 CKD patients (stage 3-5) and 30 controls were included in the study. The dynamic thiol-disulfide balance was determined by the colorimetric method developed by Erel et al. IMA levels were determined by using cobalt binding test developed by Bar- Or et al. Results: Native and total thiol levels of CKD and HD patients were significantly lower than that of the control group (p=0.001 for both). However, disulfide levels were significantly higher in the HD group (p=0.001), but there was no significant difference between control and CKD groups(p=0.547). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the native and total thiol levels and IMA (r=-0.628; -0.631), BUN (r=-0.747; -0.747), and creatinine (r=-0.732; -0.721). There was a significant positive correlation between GFR and the thiol levels (r=0.835;0.824). TrxR levels were significantly higher in the patient groups compared to the controls (p=0.001). CRP levels of the patient groups were significantly higher compared to the controls (p=0.001). Conclusion: We have demonstrated that measurement of dynamic thiol-disulfide levels by using colorimetric method can contribute to the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease as a marker, because it is easily applicable in routine clinical biochemistry laboratories and related with disease severity in CKD patients. Also, we showed that albumin correction due to dialysis process should be consider in studies dealing with plasma thiol values and the final results should be given after the correction process.
Impairments of functional exercise capacity, muscle strength, balance and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study
(Bmc, 2024) Katayifci, Nihan; Huzmeli, Irem; Iris, Dondu; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Background Muscle weakness, balance, and functional capacity are affected in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dialysis. However, studies about kinesiophobia, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, balance, exercise capacity, fatigue, and physical activity level in patients with CKD 3-4 are limited. The study aimed to compare the functional exercise capacity, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, balance, kinesiophobia, physical activity, fatigue, and dyspnea between patients with CKD 3-4 and controls.Methods This cross-sectional study included 43 patients and 45 controls. Functional exercise capacity [6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT)], peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, dyspnea, fatigue, physical activity, balance [Berg Balance Scale (BBS)], and kinesiophobia were evaluated.Results Demographic characteristics were similar in patients [53(50-57) y, 26 M/17F] and controls [51(4.506-55) y, 33 M/12F] (p > 0.05). The 6MWT, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function, physical activity, and BBS were significantly lower, and the level of dyspnea and kinesiophobia were higher in patients compared with controls (p < 0.05).Conclusions Patients had impaired functional exercise capacity, upper and lower extremity muscle strength, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, and balance, increased perception of dyspnea and kinesiophobia, and reduced physical activity level compared with controls. Patients should be directed to cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs.
Migrated phthalate levels into edible oils
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Sungur, Sana; Okur, Ramazan; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi; Ustun, Ihsan; Gokce, Cumali
The determination of phthalates in edible oils (virgin olive oil, olive oil, canola oil, hazelnut oil, sunflower oil, corn oil) sold in Turkish markets was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mean phthalate concentrations were between 0.102 and 3.863mgL(-1) in virgin olive oil; 0.172 and 6.486mgL(-1) in olive oil; 0.501 and 3.651mgL(-1) in hazelnut oil; 0.457 and 3.415mgL(-1) in canola oil; 2.227 and 6.673mgL(-1) in sunflower oil; and 1.585 and 6.248mgL(-1) in corn oil. Furthermore, the influence of the types of oil and container to the phthalate migration was investigated. The highest phthalate levels were measured in sunflower oil. The lowest phthalate levels were determined in virgin olive oil and hazelnut oil. The highest phthalate levels were determined in oil samples contained in polyethylene terephthalate.
Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of fabry disease
(Springer, 2020) Cakmak, Ayse Idil; Atalay, Eray; Cankurtaran, Veysel; Yasar, Erdogan; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Purpose Fabry disease (FD) is characterized by a deficiency in alpha-galactosidase A activity that leads to the cumulative deposition of unmetabolized glycosphingolipids within organs, including the vascular endothelium and the eyes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of FD on the retinal microvasculature, foveal avascular zone (FAZ), macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods Twenty-five patients (14 female and 11 male; mean age 33.16 +/- 11.44) with genetically verified FD were compared with 37 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (mean age 32.36 +/- 15.54). The vessel density (VD) values of the superficial and deep capillary plexuses (SCP and DCP), the area of the FAZ, the density of radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC), the macular thickness and the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were measured by OCT-A examination. Results The patients showed significantly lower VD values than controls in the foveal regions of both SCP and the DCP (21.15 +/- 5.56 vs. 23.79 +/- 4.64 (p = 0.048), 37.92 +/- 6.78 vs. 41.11 +/- 5.59 (p = 0.048), respectively). The FAZ was significantly larger in the FD group than in the control group (0.3 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.24 +/- 0.08 (p = 0.011)). No significant difference was identified in measurements of RPC density, peripapillary RNFL thickness or macular thickness between the two groups (p > 0.05 for all). Conclusion Decreased VD and an enlarged foveal avascular area suggest possible changes in the retinal microvasculature of patients with FD. OCT-A can serve as a useful, noninvasive, quantitative tool for diagnosing FD and monitoring its progression.
Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9/ neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin complex levels in patients with early-stage diabetic nephropathy
(Iranian Society of Nephrology, 2018) Cakirca, Gokhan; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Introduction. This study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and the neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)-bound form of MMP-9 (MMP-9/NGAL complex) markers in the determination of early nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods. Twenty-five type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria, 27 type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, and 23 healthy controls were recruited. Serum levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MMP9/NGAL complex were measured in all participants. Results. The MMP-9 level and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were higher in patients with microalbuminuria when compared to the controls, while TIMP-1 level was lower (P =.005, P =.006, and P =.02, respectively). The MMP-9 level and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were significantly higher in the patients with normoalbuminuria when compared to the controls (P =.005 and P =.02, respectively). In the normoalbuminuric patients, MMP-9 levels were negatively correlated with estimated GFR (r =-0.553, P =.008) and positively correlated with glucose (r = 0.449, P =.04), creatinine (r = 0.454, P =.03), and MMP9/NGAL complex (r = 0.575, P =.005). In the microalbuminuric patients, MMP-9 levels were positively correlated with total cholesterol (r = 0.430, P =.03), and MMP9/NGAL complex (r = 0.650, P =.001). Conclusions. The levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MMP9/NGAL complex were similar in microalbuminuric and normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there was a significant MMP-9/TIMP-1 imbalance in both groups which may reflect impaired extracellular matrix homeostasis. © 2018, Iranian Society of Nephrology. All rights reserved.
Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9/Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin Complex Levels in Patients with Early-stage Diabetic Nephropathy
(Iranian Soc Nephrolgy, 2018) Cakirca, Gokhan; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Introduction. This study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and the neutrophil gelatin-aseassocia ted lipocalin (NGAL)-bound form of MMP-9 (MMP-9/NGAL complex) markers in the determination of early nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods. Twenty-five type 2 diabetic patients with norinoalbuminuria, 27 type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, and 23 healthy controls were recruited. Serum levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MMP9/NGAL complex were measured in all participants. Results. The MMP-9 level and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were higher in patients with microalbuminuria when compared to the controls, while TIMP-1 level was lower (P = .005, P = .006, and P = .02, respectively). The MMP-9 level and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were significantly higher in the patients with normoalbuminuria when compared to the controls (P = .005 and P = .02, respectively). In the normoalbuminuric patients, MMP-9 levels were negatively correlated with estimated GFR (r = -0.553, P = .008) and positively correlated with glucose (r = 0.449, P = .04), creatinine (r = 0.454, P = .03), and MMP9/NGAL complex (r = 0.575, P = .005). In the microalbuminuric patients, MMP-9 levels were positively correlated with total cholesterol (r = 0.430, P = .03), and MMP9/NGAL complex (r = 0.650, P = .001). Conclusions. The levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MMP9/NGAL complex were similar in microalbuminuric and normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there was a significant MMP-9/TIMP-1 imbalance in both groups which may reflect impaired extracellular matrix homeostasis.
Upper Zone of Growth Plate and Cartilage Matrix (UCMA) Levels in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
(Inst Tecnologia Parana, 2020) Okuyan, Hamza Malik; Ozcan, Oguzhan; Dogan, Serdar; Arpaci, Abdullah; Turgut, Faruk Hilmi
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important health problem across the world affecting the adult population with an enormous social and economic burden. Calcium regulation is also affected in patients with CKD, and related to several disorders including vascular calcifications, mineral bone disorders, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Upper zone of growth plate and cartilage matrix (UCMA) is vitamin K-dependent protein (VKDP) and acts as a calcification inhibitor in the cardiovascular system. The molecular mechanism of UCMA action remains unclear in CKD. In the current study, we aimed to investigate serum total UCMA levels and its association with calcium metabolism parameters in CKD patients including hemodialysis (HD) patients. Thirty-seven patients with CKD stage 3-5, 41 HD patients, and 34 healthy individuals were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Serum UCMA and calcification related protein levels (Matrix Gla Protein (MGP), Osteocalcin (OC), and Fetuin-A) were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Calcium mineral disorder parameters (Serum Ca, P, iPTH) were quantified with routine techniques. We, for the first time, report the potential biomarker role of UCMA in CKD including HD. Serum total UCMA levels were significantly higher in patients with CKD including HD patients than the healthy controls. Also, serum UCMA levels showed negative correlations with serum calcium, and eGFR, while showed positive relationships with P, iPTH, MGP, OC. Increased total UCMA levels may have a role in the Ca metabolism disorder and related to the pathogenesis of Vascular Calcification in patients with CKD.

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